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Medicines (732)

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Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) (1) · Bisacodyl (1) · Bisoprolol (1) · Docusate (sodium or calcium) (1) · Lactulose (1) · Levothyroxine (1) · Memantine ER / Donepezil (1) · Nebivolol (1) · Polyethylene glycol 3350 (PEG 3350) (1) · Thyroid (desiccated) (1)

Armour Thyroid, NP Thyroid, Nature-Throid, WP Thyroid (1) · Bystolic (1) · Colace (sodium), Surfak (calcium); many generics OTC (1) · Dulcolax, Correctol, Bisac-Evac (1) · Generic; huge OTC presence (1) · Kristalose, Constulose, Generlac, Enulose (1) · MiraLAX (OTC), GlycoLax, GoLYTELY (with electrolytes for bowel prep), CoLyte, MoviPrep, NuLYTELY (1) · Namzaric (1) · Synthroid, Levoxyl, Tirosint, Unithroid, Euthyrox (1) · Zebeta (1)

None (3) · Donepezil: reversible AChE inhibitor, increases synaptic acetylcholine. Memantine: uncompetitive low-affinity NMDA receptor antagonist, dampens pathological glutamate overactivation while preserving normal synaptic signaling. Targets two distinct mechanisms in Alzheimer's. (1) · Highly β1-selective adrenergic antagonist. Greater selectivity than metoprolol or atenolol. (1) · Synthetic T4 (thyroxine); peripherally deiodinated to T3 (triiodothyronine), the active hormone. '"`UNIQ--vote-00000031-QINU`"' Narrow therapeutic index; brand-to-generic switches can shift TSH and require re-titration'"`UNIQ--ref-00000032-QINU`"'. (1) · The d-enantiomer is a highly β1-selective antagonist; the l-enantiomer triggers endothelial nitric-oxide–mediated vasodilation. Unique among beta blockers for this NO mechanism. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000016-QINU`"' Brand-to-brand and lot-to-lot variability in T3:T4 ratio is greater than with synthetic levothyroxine, which is why endocrine guidelines prefer the synthetic'"`UNIQ--ref-00000017-QINU`"'. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00001067-QINU`"' Chronic use is associated with cathartic colon (colonic dilation, loss of haustration), hypokalemia, and laxative dependence; reserved for short-term use or bowel prep with breaks between courses'"`UNIQ--ref-00001068-QINU`"'. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000132D-QINU`"' Electrolyte-balanced bowel-prep formulations are designed to be iso-osmotic with plasma so the volume passes through without net fluid or electrolyte shifts, the basis of their safety for whole-bowel evacuation. (1)

1.6 mcg/kg/d in young healthy adults; 25-50 mcg/d in elderly or cardiac disease, titrated by TSH at 6-8 weeks (1) · 100-200 mg PO once or twice daily; pediatric weight-based (1) · 2.5–5 mg daily (HTN); 1.25 mg daily (HFrEF, slow titration) (1) · 30 mg PO daily (1/2 grain); titrate by TSH at 6-8 weeks; 60 mg desiccated thyroid is approximately equivalent to 88-100 mcg levothyroxine (1) · 5 mg daily (1) · 5-15 mg PO once at bedtime; 10 mg PR for faster effect; bowel prep regimens use higher single doses (1) · Constipation: 15-30 mL PO daily (titrate to 1-2 soft stools/day); hepatic encephalopathy: 20-30 g (30-45 mL) PO/PR every 1-2 hours acutely until soft stools, then BID-QID to target 2-3 soft stools/day (1) · Constipation: 17 g (one capful) PO daily dissolved in 4-8 oz fluid; bowel prep: 4 L of PEG-electrolyte solution split-dose evening before and morning of procedure (1) · For patients already stable on memantine 28 mg/d + donepezil 10 mg/d, switch to one capsule daily of equivalent strength (1) · General supplementation 75-90 mg/d (RDA); scurvy treatment 100-1000 mg/d for several weeks; megadose claims unsupported (1)

10 g/15 mL solution (Constulose); 10 g, 20 g powder packets (Kristalose) (1) · 100, 250, 500, 1000 mg tablets, chewables, gummies, effervescent; IV (specialty) (1) · 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240, 300 mg tablets (1/4 to 5 grains; 1 grain = 60 mg) (1) · 17 g (OTC) and 14 g (Rx) powder packets; 238, 510, 527 g bottles; PEG-electrolyte preparations 4 L (GoLYTELY, NuLYTELY) (1) · 2.5, 5, 10, 20 mg tabs (1) · 25, 50, 75, 88, 100, 112, 125, 137, 150, 175, 200, 300 mcg tablets; oral capsule and IV/IM also available (1) · 5 mg enteric-coated tablets; 10 mg rectal suppositories; OTC and Rx (1) · 5, 10 mg tabs (1) · 50, 100, 250 mg capsules; 50 mg/5 mL syrup; OTC (1) · 7/10, 14/10, 21/10, 28/10 mg ER capsules (memantine ER / donepezil) (1)

20 mg/d (1) · 28/10 mg/d (1) · 30 mg/d for short-term use (1) · 40 mg/d (1) · Indication-specific; bowel prep regimens reach 4 L cumulative (1) · Indication-specific; HE may require high-volume dosing (1) · No fixed maximum; titrated to TSH target (2) · UL 2000 mg/d in adults (1) · ~500 mg/d typical (1)

especially in acute HE) (1) · IV (2) · Oral (9) · Oral (capsule whole or opened/sprinkled on applesauce) (1) · rectal (2) · rectal (enema (1)

1-3 days (1) · 1–2 h (2) · Component effects accumulate over weeks (1) · Constipation: 1-3 days; bowel prep: 1-3 hours after starting (1) · Constipation: 24-48 hours; HE: ammonia reduction within hours of stool production (1) · Days for symptom improvement in scurvy (1) · PO 6-12 hours; PR 15-60 minutes (1) · TSH normalization 4-8 weeks (1) · TSH normalization 4-8 weeks; symptomatic improvement weeks to months (1)

9–12 h (1) · Not meaningfully described (1) · Not meaningfully described (negligible systemic absorption) (1) · Not meaningfully described — lactulose is not significantly absorbed (1) · T4 ~7 days; T3 ~1 day'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001A-QINU`"' (1) · Variable; effect dependent on local intestinal action rather than systemic kinetics'"`UNIQ--ref-0000106B-QINU`"' (1) · ~10 h (CYP2D6 extensive metabolizers); up to 31 h (poor metabolizers) (1) · ~10-20 days (steady-state body pool); single dose plasma ~2 hours (1) · ~60–80 h (memantine); ~70 h (donepezil) (1) · ~7 days (euthyroid); longer in hypothyroidism (~9-10 days), shorter in hyperthyroidism'"`UNIQ--ref-00000036-QINU`"' (1)

40-80% (oral); reduced by food, calcium, iron, PPIs, fiber; take fasting with water'"`UNIQ--ref-00000037-QINU`"' (1) · <0.1% systemic absorption (PEG 3350 is too large to absorb intact) (1) · <3% systemic absorption (the basis of the safety and mechanism)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000F5E-QINU`"' (1) · Local action; minimal systemic effect (1) · Low systemic absorption (enteric coating delivers drug to colon)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000106C-QINU`"' (1) · Variable; reduced by food, calcium, iron, PPIs'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001B-QINU`"' (1) · ~100% both components (1) · ~12% (extensive metabolizers); ~96% (poor metabolizers) (1) · ~70-90% at typical doses; saturable at high doses (>500 mg) (1) · ~90% (low first-pass) (1)

Category C (2) · First-line in pregnancy; dose typically increased 25-30% due to estrogen-driven rise in TBG and fetal demand. Lactation safe at physiologic doses.[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]] (1) · Generally considered acceptable for short-term use.[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]] (1) · Generally considered safe (minimal systemic absorption).[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]] (1) · Generally considered safe due to minimal systemic absorption.[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]] (1) · Generally considered safe.[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]] (1) · Not relevant (geriatric problem) (1) · Safe at routine doses; routinely supplemented in pregnancy.[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]] (1) · Synthetic levothyroxine is the standard-of-care in pregnancy; desiccated thyroid use in pregnancy is not well studied.'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001C-QINU`"' (1)

OTC (MiraLAX) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (electrolyte solutions for bowel prep) in US (1) · OTC in US (3) · Rx-only in US (3) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (3)

Showing below up to 10 results in range #1 to #10.

A

Ascorbic Acid

B

D

Desiccated thyroid

Docusate

L