Drilldown: Medicines

Amiodarone (1) · Bisoprolol (1) · Memantine ER / Donepezil (1) · Nebivolol (1)

Bystolic (1) · Cordarone, Pacerone, Nexterone (IV) (1) · Namzaric (1) · Zebeta (1)

Beta Blocker (2) · Cardioselective (β1) (1) · Cardioselective (β1) + vasodilator (1) · Combined cholinesterase inhibitor + NMDA antagonist (1) · [[:Category:Antiarrhythmics|Antiarrhythmic (Vaughan-Williams class III)]] (1) · [[:Category:Cardiovascular_agents|Cardiovascular agent]] (1)

None (1) · Donepezil: reversible AChE inhibitor, increases synaptic acetylcholine. Memantine: uncompetitive low-affinity NMDA receptor antagonist, dampens pathological glutamate overactivation while preserving normal synaptic signaling. Targets two distinct mechanisms in Alzheimer's. (1) · Highly β1-selective adrenergic antagonist. Greater selectivity than metoprolol or atenolol. (1) · The d-enantiomer is a highly β1-selective antagonist; the l-enantiomer triggers endothelial nitric-oxide–mediated vasodilation. Unique among beta blockers for this NO mechanism. (1)

'"`UNIQ--vote-00000468-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000059D-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000636-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000637-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000638-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000CB0-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000CB1-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000CB2-QINU`"' (1)

2.5–5 mg daily (HTN); 1.25 mg daily (HFrEF, slow titration) (1) · 5 mg daily (1) · For patients already stable on memantine 28 mg/d + donepezil 10 mg/d, switch to one capsule daily of equivalent strength (1) · Oral load 800-1600 mg/d in divided doses for 1-3 weeks, then 600-800 mg/d for 1 month, then 200-400 mg/d maintenance; IV 150 mg over 10 min then 1 mg/min for 6 hours then 0.5 mg/min (1)

100, 200, 400 mg tablets; 50 mg/mL IV (with polysorbate 80 in older formulations causing hypotension); 1.5 mg/mL Nexterone IV (PVC-free, lower hypotension risk) (1) · 2.5, 5, 10, 20 mg tabs (1) · 5, 10 mg tabs (1) · 7/10, 14/10, 21/10, 28/10 mg ER capsules (memantine ER / donepezil) (1)

20 mg/d (1) · 28/10 mg/d (1) · 40 mg/d (1) · Oral maintenance 400 mg/d typical; higher in refractory cases (1)

IV (1) · Oral (3) · Oral (capsule whole or opened/sprinkled on applesauce) (1)

1–2 h (2) · Component effects accumulate over weeks (1) · IV: minutes; oral: weeks to load (1)

None · 24 hours · 4-6 hours · 12 hours · 6-8 hours · Daily dosing · 8-12 hours · 12-24 hours · Hours · Hours per application · 24 hours (HS dosing) · 24 hours (once-daily dosing) · 24 h · N/A · N/A (replacement) · Variable · ~7-8 hours · 3-5 hours · 4-6 hours (IR); 24 hours (ER) · 6-12 hours

Other values:

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9–12 h (1) · ~10 h (CYP2D6 extensive metabolizers); up to 31 h (poor metabolizers) (1) · ~58 days (parent); ~61 days (desethylamiodarone, active metabolite)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000CB3-QINU`"' (1) · ~60–80 h (memantine); ~70 h (donepezil) (1)

~100% both components (1) · ~12% (extensive metabolizers); ~96% (poor metabolizers) (1) · ~50% (oral; highly variable)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000CB4-QINU`"' (1) · ~90% (low first-pass) (1)

Category C (2) · Generally avoided; fetal goiter/hypothyroidism risk (iodine load). Used only for life-threatening arrhythmia.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Not relevant (geriatric problem) (1)

Rx-only in US (3) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. Carries '''Boxed Warnings''' for pulmonary toxicity (interstitial pneumonitis, fibrosis), hepatotoxicity, and proarrhythmia'"`UNIQ--ref-00000CB5-QINU`"' (1)