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Medicines (732)

Medicines > mechanism: None

& duration

: 24 hours

or 4-6 hours

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Acetaminophen (paracetamol, APAP) (1) · Allopurinol (1) · Anastrozole (1) · Bimatoprost (1) · Bumetanide (1) · Butalbital / Acetaminophen / Caffeine (1) · Butalbital / Aspirin / Caffeine (1) · Dapagliflozin (1) · Desvenlafaxine (succinate) (1) · Doxazosin (1) · Empagliflozin (1) · Ezetimibe (1) · Finasteride (1) · Fluconazole (1) · Glimepiride (1) · Ibuprofen (1) · Ipratropium bromide (1) · Ketorolac (tromethamine) (1) · Latanoprost (1) · Levofloxacin (1) · Linagliptin (1) · Lovastatin (1) · Methocarbamol (1) · Metoclopramide (1) · Mirabegron (1) · Mometasone furoate (1) · Montelukast (1) · Niacin (nicotinic acid, vitamin B3) (1) · Olmesartan (medoxomil) (1) · Pioglitazone (1) · Promethazine (hydrochloride) (1) · Ramipril (1) · Tamsulosin (1) · Terbinafine (1) · Tramadol / Acetaminophen (1)

Actos (1) · Advil, Motrin, IBU, Caldolor (IV), NeoProfen (neonatal IV) (1) · Altace (1) · Altoprev (ER), Mevacor (discontinued US); mostly generic (1) · Amaryl (1) · Arimidex (1) · Atrovent (inhaler, intranasal); also generic (1) · Benicar (1) · Bumex (1) · Cardura, Cardura XL (1) · Diflucan (1) · Farxiga (US), Forxiga (international) (1) · Fioricet, Esgic; with codeine as Fioricet with Codeine (Schedule III) (1) · Fiorinal; with codeine as Fiorinal with Codeine (Schedule III) (1) · Flomax (1) · Jardiance (1) · Lamisil; OTC topical Lamisil AT (1) · Levaquin (US brand discontinued); generic and ophthalmic Quixin/Iquix (1) · Lumigan (glaucoma), Latisse (eyelash growth) (1) · Myrbetriq (1) · Nasonex (intranasal), Asmanex (inhaled), Elocon (topical), Sinuva (sinus implant); with formoterol as Dulera (1) · Niaspan (ER, Rx), Niacor (IR, Rx); huge OTC presence (1) · Phenergan, Promethegan (suppositories) (1) · Pristiq (1) · Proscar (5 mg, BPH), Propecia (1 mg, alopecia) (1) · Reglan, Gimoti (intranasal), Metozolv ODT (1) · Robaxin (oral, injectable) (1) · Singulair (1) · Toradol (IV/IM, US brand discontinued), Sprix (nasal spray), Acular and Acuvail (ophthalmic) (1) · Tradjenta; with metformin Jentadueto (1) · Tylenol, Panadol (international), Ofirmev (IV); huge OTC presence (1) · Ultracet, Tramacet (1) · Xalatan, Xelpros (1) · Zetia (1) · Zyloprim, Aloprim (IV) (1)

Other values:

0.4 mg PO once daily, 30 minutes after the same meal each day (1) · 0.5-1 mg PO/IV once or twice daily; titrate to clinical response. Approximate equipotency: bumetanide 1 mg ≈ furosemide 40 mg ≈ torsemide 20 mg (1) · 1 drop in the affected eye(s) once daily in the evening (1) · 1 drop in the affected eye(s) once daily in the evening (Lumigan); Latisse applied to upper lash line at bedtime (1) · 1 mg PO once daily (1) · 1-2 capsules (50 mg butalbital / 325 mg acetaminophen / 40 mg caffeine each) PO every 4 hours as needed; maximum 6 capsules/d (1) · 1-2 capsules (50 mg butalbital / 325 mg aspirin / 40 mg caffeine each) PO every 4 hours as needed; maximum 6 capsules/d (1) · 1-2 mg PO once daily with breakfast; titrate by glycemic response (1) · 10 mg PO once daily in the evening (adults); 4-5 mg in children (1) · 10 mg PO once daily in the morning; 5 mg starting in heart failure (1) · 10 mg PO once daily in the morning; may titrate to 25 mg for additional glycemic effect (1) · 10 mg PO once daily, with or without food (1) · 10 mg PO/IV/IM QID, '''not to exceed 12 weeks''' (tardive dyskinesia risk); intranasal Gimoti 15 mg BID (1) · 100 mg PO once daily; titrate by 100 mg every 2-4 weeks to a serum urate target (typically <6 mg/dL, or <5 in tophaceous disease) (1) · 15-30 mg PO once daily; titrate to 45 mg (1) · 2 tablets (75 mg tramadol / 650 mg acetaminophen) PO every 4-6 hours as needed; maximum 8 tablets/day for ≤5 days (1) · 2.5 mg PO once daily (1.25 mg in CHF or volume depletion); titrate to 5-10 mg/d (1) · 20 mg PO once daily with the evening meal; titrate to 40-80 mg/d (1) · 20 mg PO once daily; titrate to 40 mg/d after 2 weeks if needed (1) · 200-400 mg PO every 4-6 hours as needed. OTC max 1200 mg/day without provider direction; prescription max 3200 mg/day divided (1) · 25 mg PO once daily; titrate to 50 mg after 4-8 weeks if needed (1) · 325-1000 mg PO every 4-6 hours as needed; maximum 4 g/d in healthy adults, 3 g/d in regular users or hepatic risk; pediatric 10-15 mg/kg every 4-6 hours (1) · 5 mg PO daily for BPH; 1 mg PO daily for androgenetic alopecia (1) · 5 mg PO once daily (no renal dose adjustment, unlike sitagliptin) (1) · 50 mg PO once daily ('''no titration required''', distinguishing it favorably from venlafaxine) (1) · 500-750 mg PO/IV once daily (1) · Allergy: 25 mg PO BID-QID. Nausea/vomiting: 12.5-25 mg PO/IM/IV/PR every 4-6 hours. Motion sickness: 25 mg PO 30-60 minutes before travel. '''Pediatric <2 years: contraindicated''' (1) · IM: 60 mg single dose or 30 mg every 6 hours. IV: 30 mg every 6 hours. Oral (continuation only): 10-20 mg every 4-6 hours. Sprix nasal: 31.5 mg every 6-8 hours. '''Maximum 5 days total combined use''' (1) · Intranasal Nasonex 2 sprays/nostril daily (50 mcg/spray); inhaled Asmanex 220 mcg DPI 1-2 inhalations daily/BID; topical Elocon 0.1% cream daily (1) · IR 1 mg PO at bedtime, titrate weekly; XL 4-8 mg PO daily (1) · Nebulized 500 mcg q6-8h (or with albuterol as DuoNeb); MDI 17 mcg/puff, 2 puffs QID; nasal 0.03% or 0.06% spray BID-TID (1) · Niaspan ER 500 mg PO at bedtime, titrate weekly to 1-2 g/d; flushing-protective aspirin 30-60 minutes before dose; pellagra replacement 100-500 mg/d (1) · Oral: 1500 mg PO QID for 2-3 days (load), then 750-1500 mg QID maintenance. IV/IM: 1000 mg every 8 hours for acute spasm (1) · Oral: 250 mg PO once daily × 6 weeks (fingernails) or 12 weeks (toenails); topical: cream BID × 1-2 weeks (1) · Vulvovaginal: 150 mg PO single dose; oropharyngeal: 200 mg PO day 1, then 100 mg daily ×14 days; invasive candidiasis: 800 mg load, then 400 mg PO/IV daily; cryptococcal meningitis: 400-800 mg/d (1)

0.005% ophthalmic solution (50 mcg/mL); typical 2.5 mL bottle (1) · 0.01%, 0.03% ophthalmic solution (1) · 0.4 mg capsules (1) · 0.5, 1, 2 mg tablets; 0.25 mg/mL IV (1) · 1 mg tablets (1) · 1 mg, 2 mg, 4 mg tablets (1) · 1 mg, 5 mg tablets (1) · 1, 2, 4, 8 mg IR tablets; 4, 8 mg XL tablets (1) · 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10 mg capsules (1) · 10 mg tablet; also as fixed-dose combinations with simvastatin (Vytorin) and atorvastatin (Liptruzet, withdrawn US 2015 but generics exist) (1) · 10 mg tablets; 4 mg, 5 mg chewables; 4 mg granules (1) · 10 mg, 25 mg tablets (1) · 10, 20, 40 mg tablets; 20, 40, 60 mg ER tablets (1) · 100 mg, 300 mg tablets; IV 500 mg vial (1) · 15, 30, 45 mg tablets (1) · 25, 50 mg ER tablets; 8 mg/mL granules for oral suspension (Myrbetriq Granules, pediatric) (1) · 250 mg tablets; 1% topical cream, gel, spray; granules (pediatric) (1) · 250, 500, 750 mg tablets; 25 mg/mL oral solution; 25 mg/mL IV (premix bags 250, 500, 750 mg); 0.5%, 1.5% ophthalmic solutions (1) · 325, 500, 650 mg tablets; 80, 160 mg chewables; 160 mg/5 mL pediatric liquid; 325 mg suppository; 1000 mg/100 mL IV (Ofirmev); fixed-dose combinations with opioids, decongestants, antihistamines (1) · 5 mg tablets; combination with metformin (1) · 5 mg, 10 mg tablets (1) · 5, 10 mg tablets; 5 mg/5 mL solution; 5 mg/mL IV; 15 mg/spray intranasal (1) · 5, 20, 40 mg tablets (1) · 50, 100, 150, 200 mg tablets; 10, 40 mg/mL oral suspension; 2 mg/mL IV (1) · 50/325/40 mg capsules (1) · 50/325/40 mg capsules and tablets; oral solution (1) · Atrovent HFA 17 mcg/actuation MDI; 500 mcg/2.5 mL nebulizer solution; 0.03% and 0.06% intranasal sprays; with albuterol as DuoNeb / Combivent Respimat (1) · ER tablets 25, 50, 100 mg (1) · Nasonex 50 mcg/actuation intranasal; Asmanex HFA MDI 100/200 mcg; Asmanex Twisthaler DPI 110/220 mcg; Elocon 0.1% cream/ointment/lotion; Sinuva sinus implant; Dulera (with formoterol) (1) · OTC IR niacin 50-500 mg tablets; Niaspan ER 500, 750, 1000 mg tablets; "no-flush" niacin (inositol hexaniacinate, lacks evidence) (1) · Tablets 10 mg; injection 15 mg/mL and 30 mg/mL; nasal spray 15.75 mg/spray (Sprix); ophthalmic solution 0.4%, 0.45%, 0.5% (1) · Tablets 12.5, 25, 50 mg; oral syrup 6.25 mg/5 mL; suppositories 12.5, 25, 50 mg; injection 25 mg/mL and 50 mg/mL (1) · Tablets 200, 400, 600, 800 mg; capsules 200 mg; oral suspension 100 mg/5 mL; chewable tablets 100 mg; injection 100 mg/mL (Caldolor) (1) · Tablets 500, 750 mg; injection 100 mg/mL (1) · Tramadol/acetaminophen 37.5/325 mg tablets (1)

0.8 mg/d (rarely needed) (1) · 1 drop/eye/day (more frequent dosing reduces efficacy) (1) · 1 mg/d (1) · 10 mg/d (2) · 10 mg/d (adults) (1) · 100 mg/day (adult) (1) · 12 puffs MDI/d typical; nebulized 2000 mcg/d (1) · 120 mg/day (IV/IM); 40 mg/day (oral); '''5-day maximum total combined therapy''' to mitigate the GI bleeding, AKI, and platelet dysfunction risks (1) · 16 mg/d (IR); 8 mg/d (XL) (1) · 2 g/d (Niaspan); higher off-label use historical (1) · 20 mg/d (hypertension); 10 mg/d (other indications typical) (1) · 25 mg/d (1) · 250 mg/d (1) · 3200 mg/day (Rx); 1200 mg/day (OTC, without provider direction) (1) · 4 g/d in healthy adults; 3 g/d conservative limit; 2 g/d in cirrhosis or chronic alcohol use (1) · 40 mg/d (2) · 45 mg/d (1) · 5 mg/d (2) · 50 mg/d (1) · 50 mg/day (no efficacy benefit shown for higher doses despite the 100 mg strength being available) (1) · 6 capsules/d (300 mg butalbital, 1950 mg acetaminophen, 240 mg caffeine) (1) · 6 capsules/d (300 mg butalbital, 1950 mg aspirin, 240 mg caffeine) (1) · 750 mg/d (1) · 8 g/day (oral, short-term load); 6 g/day (chronic) (1) · 8 mg/d (1) · 8 tablets/d (300 mg tramadol / 2600 mg acetaminophen); 5-day duration limit per label (1) · 80 mg/d (40 mg/d if combined with diltiazem, verapamil, danazol; lower limits with various interactions) (1) · 800 mg/d (rarely needed) (1) · 800 mg/d (severe invasive disease) (1) · Intranasal 200 mcg/d (adults); inhaled 880 mcg/d (1) · One drop per eye per day (1) · ~10 mg/d typical (1)

IM (4) · inhaled (1) · Inhaled (MDI (1) · intramuscular (1) · intranasal (4) · intranasal sinus implant (1) · intravenous (1) · intravenous (Caldolor (1) · IV (7) · IV (with caution) (1) · nebulized) (1) · NeoProfen) (1) · ophthalmic (1) · Oral (30) · Oral (continuation only) (1) · rectal (2) · topical (2) · Topical ophthalmic (3)

1-2 hours (1) · 20 minutes (oral); 5 minutes (IV) (1) · 30 minutes (IM); 30-60 minutes (oral) (1) · 30-60 minutes (3) · 30-60 minutes (oral) (1) · Antidepressant effect emerges over 1-2 weeks (1) · BP and symptomatic LUTS improvement within 1-2 weeks (1) · BP effect 1-2 hours; max at 6 hours (1) · BP effect 1-2 weeks; max at 2-3 weeks (1) · BPH symptom improvement at 3-6 months; prostate volume reduction over 6-12 months; hair regrowth at 6-12 months (1) · Bronchodilation 15-30 minutes (1) · Bronchodilation within 1-2 hours; full controller effect 1-2 weeks (1) · Clinical and mycologic cure follows the full course; nail clearance over months of regrowth (1) · Clinical improvement within 24-72 hours (1) · Estrogen suppression within days; clinical effect over months (1) · Glycosuria within hours; HbA1c effect at 12 weeks; cardiovascular and renal benefits over months (1) · Glycosuria within hours; HbA1c effect at 12 weeks; CV/renal benefits over months (1) · HbA1c effect at 12-16 weeks (slower than other classes) (1) · Hours (1) · Intranasal: symptom relief 12-24 hours; inhaled: bronchial effect 1-2 weeks (1) · IOP lowering at 3-4 hours; maximum at 8-12 hours (1) · IOP lowering at 4 hours, maximum at 8-12 hours; eyelash effect after 2 months (1) · IV/IM 1-3 minutes; PO 30-60 minutes (1) · LDL lowering at 2 weeks, max by 4 weeks (1) · LDL lowering within 2 weeks (1) · Lipid changes 4-8 weeks (1) · PO 30-60 minutes; IV minutes (1) · PO: 30-60 minutes; IV: minutes (1) · Postprandial glucose effect within days; HbA1c by 12 weeks (1) · Serum urate falls gradually over days to weeks; acute flare prevention requires colchicine cover during initiation (1) · Symptom improvement within 1 week; peak effect at 4-6 weeks (1) · Symptom improvement within weeks (1) · ~30 minutes (oral) (1)

25 mg: ~29%; 50 mg: ~35%; food reduces absorption'"`UNIQ--ref-00000C4F-QINU`"' (1) · <5% (extensive hepatic first-pass; food enhances absorption of IR, hence the evening-meal dosing)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000808-QINU`"' (1) · >90% (oral; food slows absorption and reduces peaks, hence the post-meal dosing rule)'"`UNIQ--ref-000001BD-QINU`"' (1) · >90% (oral; not affected by food or gastric pH — a major practical advantage over itraconazole)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000A48-QINU`"' (1) · Butalbital well-absorbed; aspirin 50-75%; caffeine ~100%'"`UNIQ--ref-000015B8-QINU`"' (1) · Butalbital well-absorbed; caffeine ~100%; acetaminophen 85-98%'"`UNIQ--ref-000015A0-QINU`"' (1) · High (oral; absorption not affected by food)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000825-QINU`"' (1) · High (oral; food enhances)'"`UNIQ--ref-00001039-QINU`"' (1) · High (oral; not affected by food, but typically given with the morning meal)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000027D-QINU`"' (1) · High (oral; not significantly affected by food)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000B65-QINU`"' (1) · Inhaled lung deposition with minimal systemic absorption (the basis of the favorable safety profile vs systemic antimuscarinics)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000F7C-QINU`"' (1) · Intranasal: <1% systemic; inhaled lung deposition with extensive first-pass clearance'"`UNIQ--ref-00000F9D-QINU`"' (1) · Topical; minimal systemic absorption'"`UNIQ--ref-00000418-QINU`"' (1) · Topical; minimal systemic absorption'"`UNIQ--ref-00000DA2-QINU`"' (1) · Tramadol ~75% (oral); acetaminophen 85-98%'"`UNIQ--ref-00001531-QINU`"' (1) · Variable (oral; rapidly conjugated to active glucuronide; food does not affect)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000451-QINU`"' (1) · ~100% (oral, but oral use is limited to continuation from parenteral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000021-QINU`"' (1) · ~100% (oral; near-complete absorption)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000018-QINU`"' (1) · ~100% (oral; not significantly affected by food)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000493-QINU`"' (1) · ~25% (oral, with extensive first-pass)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000023-QINU`"' (1) · ~26% (oral; prodrug hydrolyzed by intestinal esterases to active olmesartan; not affected by food)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000056D-QINU`"' (1) · ~28% (oral; food slows but does not reduce absorption)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000C33-QINU`"' (1) · ~30% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000117D-QINU`"' (1) · ~40% (oral; food does not significantly affect)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000EB3-QINU`"' (1) · ~63% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000532-QINU`"' (1) · ~64% (oral; not significantly affected by food)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000015F-QINU`"' (1) · ~65% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000AB1-QINU`"' (1) · ~78% (oral; high-fat meal modestly reduces but is not clinically significant)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000553-QINU`"' (1) · ~80% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001B-QINU`"' (1) · ~80% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000310-QINU`"' (1) · ~80% (oral; reduced by significant first-pass)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000EFA-QINU`"' (1) · ~80-100% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000027-QINU`"' (1) · ~80-95% (oral; more reliable than furosemide, comparable to torsemide)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000DE4-QINU`"' (1) · ~85-98% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-000006A6-QINU`"' (1) · ~99% (oral; matched 1:1 IV-to-PO conversion)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000CF6-QINU`"' (1)