Drilldown: Medicines

None (3) · Fluorouracil (5-FU) (1) · Insulin aspart (1) · Insulin lispro (1) · Riboflavin (vitamin B2) (1) · Tretinoin (all-trans retinoic acid, ATRA) (1)

Belsomra (1) · Dayvigo (1) · Efudex (topical), Carac (topical), Fluoroplex (topical); generic IV (1) · Humalog, Admelog, Lyumjev (1) · Many generics/OTC (1) · NovoLog, Fiasp (ultra-rapid), Trurapi (1) · Quviviq (1) · Retin-A, Renova, Atralin, Avita, Tretin-X, Refissa, Altreno; Vesanoid (oral, APL) (1)

APL)]] (1) · Dual orexin receptor antagonist (DORA) (3) · the first approved (1) · [[:Category:Antimetabolites|Antimetabolite (pyrimidine analog)]] (1) · [[:Category:Antineoplastics|Antineoplastic (oral (1) · [[:Category:Antineoplastics|Antineoplastic]] (1) · [[:Category:B-vitamins|B-vitamin]] (1) · [[:Category:Insulins|Insulin]] (2) · [[:Category:Mealtime_insulins|Mealtime (bolus) insulin]] (2) · [[:Category:Rapid-acting_insulins|Rapid-acting insulin analog]] (2) · [[:Category:Retinoids|Retinoid]] (1) · [[:Category:Topical_retinoids|Topical retinoid]] (1) · [[:Category:Vitamins|Vitamin]] (1)

None (4) · Competitive antagonist at OX1R and OX2R. Faster receptor association/dissociation kinetics than suvorexant (~16 sec dissociation vs ~57 sec) hypothesized to support sleep onset, with sufficient duration for maintenance. (1) · Competitive antagonist at OX1R and OX2R. First-in-class DORA. Receptor dissociation slower than lemborexant or daridorexant. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000584-QINU`"' Binds the same insulin receptor as endogenous insulin with comparable mitogenic-to-metabolic ratio. Ultra-rapid formulations (Lyumjev) add treprostinil and citrate to accelerate absorption further'"`UNIQ--ref-00000585-QINU`"'. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000124C-QINU`"' The 400 mg/d dose for migraine prophylaxis is supported by randomized trials (Schoenen 1998) and remains a low-risk evidence-based supplement option. Characteristic bright-yellow urine fluorescence with high-dose oral supplementation. (1)

Insomnia (sleep onset and/or maintenance) in adults (FDA-approved August 2014). Also studied for insomnia in mild-moderate Alzheimer disease. (1) · Insomnia (sleep onset and/or maintenance) in adults (FDA-approved Dec 2019) (1) · Insomnia (sleep onset and/or sleep maintenance) in adults (FDA-approved Jan 2022) (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000586-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000587-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000588-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000005EF-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000005F0-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000005F1-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000BA0-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000BA1-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000BA2-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000011BA-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000011BB-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000011BC-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000011BD-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000124D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000124E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000124F-QINU`"' (1)

10 mg PO 30 min before bedtime (with ≥7 hours of sleep planned) (1) · 25 mg PO at bedtime (no titration); may increase to 50 mg if 25 mg inadequate (1) · 5 mg PO at bedtime; may increase to 10 mg if inadequate (1) · Migraine prophylaxis: 400 mg PO daily; deficiency replacement 5-30 mg/d (1) · SC 4-6 units (or 1 unit per 10-15 g carbs) at meals; titrate to postprandial glucose (1) · SC 4-6 units (or 1 unit per 10-15 g carbs) at meals; titrate to postprandial glucose. Typical total daily dose 0.5-1 U/kg/d split between basal and prandial coverage in T1DM (1) · Topical: 0.5-5% cream/solution to lesions BID × 2-4 weeks; systemic IV: regimen-specific in cancer chemotherapy (1) · Topical: pea-sized amount to dry face at bedtime, building from 2-3×/week to nightly as tolerated; oral APL: 45 mg/m²/d in divided doses (1)

0.5% (Carac), 1% (Fluoroplex), 5% (Efudex) topical creams/solutions; 50 mg/mL IV (1) · 100 U/mL (Humalog, Admelog, Lyumjev) vials, pens, cartridges; 200 U/mL Humalog KwikPen (1) · 100 U/mL (NovoLog, Fiasp) vials, pens, cartridges (1) · 25 mg, 50 mg tablets (1) · 25, 50, 100, 250, 400 mg tablets; OTC (1) · 5 mg, 10 mg tablets (1) · 5 mg, 10 mg, 15 mg, 20 mg tablets (1) · Topical 0.01-0.1% creams, gels, micropsheres, lotions; oral 10 mg capsules (Vesanoid) (1)

10 mg/d (1) · 20 mg/d (1) · 50 mg/d (1) · No strict ceiling for water-soluble vitamin; UL not set (1) · Titrated to glucose; no fixed maximum (2) · Topical: nightly; oral APL: 45 mg/m²/d (1) · Topical: nightly; systemic: regimen-specific (1)

insulin pumps (2) · IV (2) · IV (continuous infusion for DKA) (1) · IV (rare) (1) · Oral (4) · oral (APL only) (1) · Subcutaneous (2) · Topical (2)

Migraine effect after 1-3 months of daily use (1) · SC: 5-15 minutes (Fiasp 2.5 minutes earlier on average) (1) · SC: 5-15 minutes; ultra-rapid Lyumjev faster (1) · Topical: inflammation, erythema, crusting at 2 weeks; complete response weeks to months after course (1) · Topical: irritation within days; acne improvement 6-12 weeks; oral APL response within days (1) · ~30 min (3)

None · 24 hours · 4-6 hours · 12 hours · 6-8 hours · Daily dosing · 8-12 hours · 12-24 hours · Hours · Hours per application · 24 hours (HS dosing) · 24 hours (once-daily dosing) · 24 h · N/A · N/A (replacement) · Variable · ~7-8 hours · 3-5 hours · 4-6 hours (IR); 24 hours (ER) · 6-12 hours

Other values:

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~0.5-2 hours (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000BA3-QINU`"' (1) · ~1 hour SC'"`UNIQ--ref-00000589-QINU`"' (1) · ~1-2 hours plasma (riboflavin itself); FAD/FMN tissue cofactors are continuous (1) · ~10-20 minutes systemically (rapid hepatic and erythrocyte dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase clearance)'"`UNIQ--ref-000011BE-QINU`"' (1) · ~12 hours (1) · ~17-19 hours (longer than daridorexant) (1) · ~8 hours (shorter than suvorexant and lemborexant) (1) · ~80 minutes SC'"`UNIQ--ref-000005F2-QINU`"' (1)

Topical: minimal systemic absorption (oral systemic 5-FU not used due to poor and variable absorption)'"`UNIQ--ref-000011BF-QINU`"' (1) · Topical: minimal systemic absorption with normal skin; oral: variable, induced metabolism with repeated dosing'"`UNIQ--ref-00000BA4-QINU`"' (1) · ~100% from subcutaneous depot (2) · ~44% (1) · ~50-60% (oral; food enhances) (1) · ~62% (1) · ~82% (1)

None (1) · Insulin is the preferred glucose-lowering therapy in pregnancy; aspart is widely used.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Insulin is the preferred glucose-lowering therapy in pregnancy; lispro is widely used.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Limited data; avoid (3) · Safe at replacement and supplement doses.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Topical: avoid; systemic: contraindicated in pregnancy.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1)

OTC in US (1) · Rx, Schedule IV (US) (3) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (3) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (some OTC formulations exist) (1)