Drilldown: Medicines
Medicines > duration 
:
4-6 hours (IR); 24 hours (ER) or
6-12 hours or
6-12 hours (long-acting among benzodiazepines)
:
4-6 hours (IR); 24 hours (ER) or
6-12 hours or
6-12 hours (long-acting among benzodiazepines) Use the filters below to narrow your results.
generic:
brand:
classes:
potent non-selective)]] (1) ·
weak μ-agonist with serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibition)]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Analgesics|Analgesic]] (2) ·
[[:Category:Anticonvulsants|Anticonvulsant]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Antihypertensives|Antihypertensive]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Antisecretory_agents|Gastric acid suppressant]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Anxiolytics|Anxiolytic]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Benzodiazepines|Benzodiazepine]] (1) ·
[[:Category:H2_receptor_antagonists|Histamine H2 receptor antagonist]] (1) ·
[[:Category:NSAIDs|Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID (1) ·
[[:Category:Opioid analgesics|Opioid analgesic (atypical (1) ·
[[:Category:Schedule IV controlled substances|Schedule IV controlled substance]] (2) ·
[[:Category:Thiazide_diuretics|Thiazide diuretic]] (1)
mechanism:
None (3) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000138-QINU`"' Decreases urinary calcium (used in stone prevention); raises serum uric acid, glucose, and lipids modestly; non-anion-gap hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis is the characteristic electrolyte pattern'"`UNIQ--ref-00000139-QINU`"'. (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000255-QINU`"' Less potent and shorter-acting than PPIs but with faster on-effect; suitable for on-demand acid suppression. Largely renally cleared; dose-adjust in renal impairment to avoid CNS effects (confusion in elderly)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000256-QINU`"'. (1)
uses:
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000001F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000020-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000021-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000022-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000023-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000024-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000025-QINU`"' (2) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000020-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000021-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000022-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000023-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000013A-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000013B-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000013C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000013D-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000257-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000258-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000259-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000025A-QINU`"' (1)
starting dose:
12.5-25 mg PO once daily (1) ·
20 mg PO twice daily, or 40 mg at bedtime (1) ·
Acute gout: 50 mg PO TID until symptom relief, then taper; maximum 200 mg/day for 3-5 days. Rheumatoid arthritis / osteoarthritis: 25-50 mg PO BID-TID. Patent ductus arteriosus: 0.2 mg/kg IV, then 0.1-0.2 mg/kg every 12-24 hours for 2 doses (1) ·
Anxiety: 0.25 mg PO BID, titrate by 0.125-0.25 mg every 3 days to target 1-4 mg/day divided. Seizures: 1.5 mg/day divided TID, titrate by 0.5-1 mg every 3 days (1) ·
IR: 25-50 mg PO every 4-6 hours as needed, titrate as tolerated. ER: 100 mg PO once daily, titrate by 100 mg every 5 days (1)
preparations:
10 mg, 20 mg, 40 mg tablets; chewables; 40 mg/5 mL oral suspension; 10 mg/mL IV (1) ·
12.5 mg capsules; 12.5, 25, 50 mg tablets (1) ·
Capsules 25, 50 mg; ER capsules 75 mg; oral suspension 25 mg/5 mL; suppositories 50 mg; injection 1 mg/vial (PDA closure) (1) ·
IR tablets 50 mg; ER tablets 100, 200, 300 mg (Ultram ER, ConZip); oral solution 5 mg/mL; combination products with acetaminophen (Ultracet) (1) ·
Tablets 0.5, 1, 2 mg; orally disintegrating tablets 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2 mg (1)
fda max:
160 mg/d (Zollinger-Ellison); 80 mg/d for routine indications (1) ·
20 mg/day (seizures); commonly limited to 4 mg/day for anxiety in current practice (1) ·
200 mg/day (typical adult oral) (1) ·
400 mg/day (IR, adult); 300 mg/day (ER); 300 mg/day in elderly >75 years (1) ·
50 mg/d (hypertension); up to 200 mg/d (edema) (1)
routes:
onset:
duration: (Click arrow to add another value)
halflife:
2.5-3.5 hours; longer in renal impairment'"`UNIQ--ref-0000025B-QINU`"' (1) ·
30-40 hours (long; accumulates with chronic dosing)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000026-QINU`"' (1) ·
4-5 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000026-QINU`"' (1) ·
6-15 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-0000013E-QINU`"' (1) ·
Tramadol 6-7 hours; M1 active metabolite 7-9 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000024-QINU`"' (1)
bioavailability:
40-45% (oral; not significantly affected by food)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000025C-QINU`"' (1) ·
65-75% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000013F-QINU`"' (1) ·
~100% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000027-QINU`"' (1) ·
~75% (IR, rises with multi-dose administration due to saturable first-pass)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000025-QINU`"' (1) ·
~90% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000027-QINU`"' (1)
pregnancy:
None (1) ·
Avoid from 20 weeks gestation onward per FDA's 2020 expanded NSAID warning; contraindicated from 30 weeks (risk of premature ductus arteriosus closure, which is paradoxically the basis of the neonatal PDA-closure indication)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000028-QINU`"' (1) ·
Chronic third-trimester exposure produces neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome and respiratory depression at delivery.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Generally considered safe; widely used. Cleared in lactation at low levels.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Limited human data; some signal for cleft palate with first-trimester exposure (debated); neonatal sedation and withdrawal with third-trimester exposure.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1)
legal:
OTC (10-20 mg) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (higher doses) in US (1) ·
[[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (2) ·
[[USLegal:Schedule IV|Schedule IV controlled substance]] in US (federally scheduled 2014); some states schedule higher'"`UNIQ--ref-00000026-QINU`"' (1) ·
[[USLegal:Schedule IV|Schedule IV controlled substance]] in US. Carries the benzodiazepine class '''Boxed Warning''' for risk of fatal respiratory depression, coma, and death when combined with opioids'"`UNIQ--ref-00000028-QINU`"' (1)
Showing below up to 5 results in range #1 to #5.