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Medicines (732)

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Calcium (carbonate, citrate, gluconate, chloride salts) (1) · Ciclopirox (1) · Clotrimazole (1) · Hydroquinone (1) · Indomethacin (1) · Ivermectin (1) · Magnesium (oxide, citrate, sulfate, hydroxide, gluconate, chloride salts) (1) · Mupirocin (1) · Nystatin (1) · Tramadol (1)

Bactroban, Centany (1) · Indocin (oral, IV, suppository), Tivorbex (low-dose), Indo-Lemmon (1) · Lotrimin, Mycelex, Gyne-Lotrimin; OTC widely (1) · Lustra, EpiQuin Micro, Melquin, Tri-Luma (with tretinoin and fluocinolone) (1) · Mag-Ox, Slow-Mag, MagCitrate, Milk of Magnesia (hydroxide); IV sulfate generic (1) · Mycostatin, Nystop, Nyamyc, Bio-Statin (1) · Penlac (nail lacquer), Loprox (cream/lotion/shampoo) (1) · Stromectol (oral, generic), Sklice (lice, topical), Soolantra (rosacea, topical 1%) (1) · Tums, Caltrate, Os-Cal, Citracal; many generics (1) · Ultram (IR), Ultram ER, ConZip ER (1)

None (6) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000009FD-QINU`"' Active against gram-positive cocci including MRSA; the unique target underlies the absence of cross-resistance with other antibiotic classes. High-level resistance (plasmid-mediated mupA) is rising and limits prolonged or repeated use'"`UNIQ--ref-000009FE-QINU`"'. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000D11-QINU`"' Same mechanistic family as amphotericin B but with prohibitive systemic toxicity at therapeutic doses, hence restriction to topical and luminal-gut indications. No clinically meaningful resistance after decades of use'"`UNIQ--ref-00000D12-QINU`"'. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00001233-QINU`"' Onychomycosis cure rates with nail lacquer are modest (mycologic cure ~30-50%, complete cure ~5-12% at 48 weeks); oral terbinafine remains substantially more effective when systemic therapy is acceptable'"`UNIQ--ref-00001234-QINU`"'. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00001302-QINU`"' Renally cleared; accumulation in advanced CKD can produce neuromuscular and cardiac depression. Hypomagnesemia frequently co-exists with hypokalemia and is often the reason refractory potassium loss does not correct until magnesium is repleted. (1)

Acute gout: 50 mg PO TID until symptom relief, then taper; maximum 200 mg/day for 3-5 days. Rheumatoid arthritis / osteoarthritis: 25-50 mg PO BID-TID. Patent ductus arteriosus: 0.2 mg/kg IV, then 0.1-0.2 mg/kg every 12-24 hours for 2 doses (1) · Apply thin layer to hyperpigmented areas BID; limit to 4-6 month courses to avoid ochronosis (1) · IR: 25-50 mg PO every 4-6 hours as needed, titrate as tolerated. ER: 100 mg PO once daily, titrate by 100 mg every 5 days (1) · Oral: 1000-1500 mg elemental calcium/day in divided doses for supplementation; IV gluconate 1 g (4.65 mEq) over 5-10 min for hyperkalemia or symptomatic hypocalcemia (1) · Oral: 4-6 mL (400,000-600,000 units) suspension QID swish-and-swallow; topical: BID-QID; vaginal tablet 1 daily for 2 weeks (1) · Replacement oxide 400-800 mg/d in divided doses (high diarrhea rate); citrate 200-400 mg/d (better tolerated, better absorbed); IV sulfate 1-2 g over 5-60 minutes for hypomagnesemia or torsades; eclampsia 4-6 g IV loading then 1-2 g/h (1) · Strongyloides 200 mcg/kg PO single dose; scabies 200 mcg/kg PO repeated at 7-14 days; onchocerciasis 150 mcg/kg q6-12 months (1) · Topical cream/lotion BID; shampoo twice weekly; nail lacquer (Penlac) once daily for up to 48 weeks (1) · Topical: 1% cream BID × 2-4 weeks; vaginal: 1% or 2% cream nightly × 7 days, or 100/200/500 mg vaginal tablet single or 3-day regimens; troche: 10 mg PO five times daily × 2 weeks for thrush (1) · Topical: apply small amount to affected area TID × 5-10 days; nasal: apply half the contents of a single-use tube into each nostril BID × 5 days (1)

0.77% topical cream, lotion, suspension; 1% shampoo; 8% nail lacquer (Penlac) (1) · 1% topical cream, lotion, solution; 1%, 2% vaginal cream; 100, 200, 500 mg vaginal tablets; 10 mg oral troches; combination with betamethasone (Lotrisone, Rx) (1) · 100,000 units/mL oral suspension; 500,000 unit tablets; 100,000 units/g cream, ointment, powder; vaginal tablets (1) · 2% ointment; 2% cream; 2% nasal ointment (Bactroban Nasal) (1) · 3 mg tablets (Stromectol); 0.5% topical lotion (Sklice); 1% topical cream (Soolantra) (1) · 4% prescription cream/lotion; OTC 2% withdrawn in US (2020 CARES Act); compounded higher strengths available (1) · Capsules 25, 50 mg; ER capsules 75 mg; oral suspension 25 mg/5 mL; suppositories 50 mg; injection 1 mg/vial (PDA closure) (1) · Carbonate 200, 400, 500, 600 mg elemental tablets and chewables; citrate 200, 250, 315 mg elemental; gluconate 1 g (94 mg elemental, 4.65 mEq) IV; chloride 1 g (270 mg elemental, 13.6 mEq) IV (1) · IR tablets 50 mg; ER tablets 100, 200, 300 mg (Ultram ER, ConZip); oral solution 5 mg/mL; combination products with acetaminophen (Ultracet) (1) · Oxide 400, 500 mg tablets (240, 300 mg elemental); citrate 100, 150, 200 mg tablets; hydroxide oral suspension 400 mg/5 mL; sulfate IV 500 mg/mL ampules (1)

200 mg/day (typical adult oral) (1) · 4% topical; limit duration of use (1) · 400 mg/day (IR, adult); 300 mg/day (ER); 300 mg/day in elderly >75 years (1) · BID topical; once daily nail lacquer (1) · Indication-specific (1) · Indication-specific; renal clearance limits tolerable cumulative dosing (1) · Limit topical to 10-day courses to reduce resistance pressure (1) · Single 200-400 mcg/kg per dose for systemic indications (1) · Topical: BID; troche: 5×/day (1) · ~2500 mg elemental/d combined diet + supplements (chronic; UL) (1)

intranasal (1) · intravenous (PDA closure only) (1) · IV (1) · IV (gluconate or chloride for acute use) (1) · Oral (5) · Oral (topical action; minimal systemic absorption) (1) · oral troche (1) · rectal (1) · topical (6) · vaginal (2)

30-60 minutes (IR) (1) · 30-60 minutes (oral); rapid relief in acute gout (1) · Acute: minutes (IV); chronic: bone effect over months (1) · Days (2) · Days for dermatophyte clearance; nail clearance over months (1) · Hours to days (1) · Oral: hours; IV: minutes (1) · Symptom relief within days (1) · Visible lightening at 4-12 weeks (1)

4-5 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000026-QINU`"' (1) · Not meaningfully described (electrolyte) (1) · Not meaningfully described (electrolyte; renally cleared) (1) · Not meaningfully described (minimal systemic absorption from topical use)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000F45-QINU`"' (1) · Not meaningfully described (not systemically absorbed)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000D17-QINU`"' (1) · Not meaningfully described (topical local action)'"`UNIQ--ref-00001239-QINU`"' (1) · Not meaningfully described for topical use'"`UNIQ--ref-00000A02-QINU`"' (1) · Not meaningfully described — topical local action with minimal systemic absorption'"`UNIQ--ref-00001218-QINU`"' (1) · Tramadol 6-7 hours; M1 active metabolite 7-9 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001D-QINU`"' (1) · ~16-18 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00001092-QINU`"' (1)

Carbonate ~30-40% (best with food and acid); citrate ~24% (absorbable without acid; preferred in achlorhydria, PPI use, post-bariatric) (1) · Essentially zero systemic absorption from oral or topical routes — the topical-action-only profile is the basis of its safety'"`UNIQ--ref-00000D18-QINU`"' (1) · Highly salt-dependent: citrate ~25-30%; oxide ~4% (limited and causes osmotic diarrhea); chloride ~12% (1) · Topical with limited but measurable systemic absorption'"`UNIQ--ref-00001219-QINU`"' (1) · Topical with minimal systemic absorption'"`UNIQ--ref-0000123A-QINU`"' (1) · Topical: minimal systemic; troche: ~3% systemic'"`UNIQ--ref-00000F46-QINU`"' (1) · Topical; minimal systemic absorption'"`UNIQ--ref-00000A03-QINU`"' (1) · ~100% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000027-QINU`"' (1) · ~60% (oral; substantially increased with high-fat meal)'"`UNIQ--ref-00001093-QINU`"' (1) · ~75% (IR, rises with multi-dose administration due to saturable first-pass)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001E-QINU`"' (1)

OTC (lower strengths) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (combination with betamethasone) in US (1) · OTC (oral salts) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (IV) in US (1) · OTC (oral supplements) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (IV) in US (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (4) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (the veterinary preparations are not for human use) (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US since 2020 (OTC 2% formulations withdrawn under CARES Act due to safety concerns) (1) · [[USLegal:Schedule IV|Schedule IV controlled substance]] in US (federally scheduled 2014); some states schedule higher'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001F-QINU`"' (1)