Drilldown/Medicines
Use the filters below to narrow your results.
generic:
None (7) ·
Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) (1) ·
Bisacodyl (1) ·
Cephalexin (1) ·
Clindamycin (1) ·
Cyproheptadine (hydrochloride) (1) ·
Docusate (sodium or calcium) (1) ·
Erythromycin (1) ·
Lactulose (1) ·
Lorazepam (1) ·
Omega-3-acid ethyl esters (1) ·
Penicillin V (phenoxymethylpenicillin) (1) ·
Phenazopyridine (1) ·
Polyethylene glycol 3350 (PEG 3350) (1) ·
Torsemide (1)
brand:
Ativan (oral, injectable), Loreev XR (1) ·
Caplyta (1) ·
Cleocin (oral, IV); Clindesse, Cleocin (vaginal); Clindets, Cleocin T (topical) (1) ·
Colace (sodium), Surfak (calcium); many generics OTC (1) ·
Demadex, Soaanz (1) ·
Dulcolax, Correctol, Bisac-Evac (1) ·
E.E.S., EryPed, Ery-Tab, PCE, Erythrocin (lactobionate IV); topical Erygel, Akne-Mycin; ophthalmic ointment (1) ·
Generic; huge OTC presence (1) ·
Keflex, Daxbia, Panixine; mostly prescribed generically (1) ·
Kristalose, Constulose, Generlac, Enulose (1) ·
Lovaza, Omtryg (1) ·
MiraLAX (OTC), GlycoLax, GoLYTELY (with electrolytes for bowel prep), CoLyte, MoviPrep, NuLYTELY (1) ·
Nuplazid (1) ·
Pen-V, Veetids (mostly generic) (1) ·
Periactin (US brand discontinued; generic widely available) (1) ·
Pyridium (Rx), Azo Standard, AZO Urinary Pain Relief (OTC) (1) ·
Qelbree (1) ·
REL-1017 / esmethadone (investigational; not yet FDA-approved as of mid-2024) (1) ·
Rexulti (1) ·
Trintellix (US), Brintellix (formerly) (1) ·
Viibryd (1)
classes:
mechanism:
None (13) ·
Partial agonist at D2 and 5HT1A. Antagonist at 5HT2A, α1A, α1B, α2C. More potent 5HT2A antagonism, 5HT1A partial agonism, and α1 antagonism (relative to D2 partial agonism) than aripiprazole, proposed to reduce akathisia and enhance affective/cognitive effects. (1) ·
Selective inverse agonist at 5HT2A receptors with weaker activity at 5HT2C. Has no significant dopamine D2 affinity, unique among approved antipsychotics. Inverse agonism (rather than antagonism) reduces constitutive 5HT2A receptor activity below baseline. (1) ·
Selective NET inhibitor (no significant DAT activity, distinguishes from amphetamine/methylphenidate). Also: 5HT1A receptor partial agonism, 5HT2B and 5HT7 receptor antagonism. The serotonergic actions may underlie better tolerability and possibly different efficacy spectrum than atomoxetine. (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000017-QINU`"' Anticholinergic and sedating, with the standard first-generation antihistamine Beers-list concerns in elderly patients'"`UNIQ--ref-00000018-QINU`"'. (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000004E-QINU`"' The EPA+DHA mix is biochemically and clinically distinct from icosapent ethyl'"`UNIQ--ref-0000004F-QINU`"'. (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000B40-QINU`"' The TRANSFORM-HF trial (2023) found no all-cause mortality difference between torsemide and furosemide in heart failure, although torsemide remains pharmacologically preferred where furosemide oral absorption is unreliable'"`UNIQ--ref-00000B41-QINU`"'. (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00001067-QINU`"' Chronic use is associated with cathartic colon (colonic dilation, loss of haustration), hypokalemia, and laxative dependence; reserved for short-term use or bowel prep with breaks between courses'"`UNIQ--ref-00001068-QINU`"'. (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000132D-QINU`"' Electrolyte-balanced bowel-prep formulations are designed to be iso-osmotic with plasma so the volume passes through without net fluid or electrolyte shifts, the basis of their safety for whole-bowel evacuation. (1)
uses:
ADHD in children (6+), adolescents, and adults (FDA-approved 2021 for pediatric, 2022 for adult) (1) ·
Hallucinations and delusions associated with Parkinson's disease psychosis (PDP). Investigational for psychosis in other dementias and as augmentation for depression. (1) ·
Investigational for major depressive disorder; trials underway (phase 3 mixed results) (1) ·
Major depressive disorder in adults (FDA-approved 2011) (1) ·
Major depressive disorder in adults (FDA-approved 2013). Notable for evidence of cognitive benefit (processing speed) that distinguishes it from other antidepressants. (1) ·
Schizophrenia (FDA-approved 2015). Adjunctive treatment of major depressive disorder (2015). '''Agitation associated with dementia due to Alzheimer disease''' (FDA-approved May 2023, first agent specifically approved for this problem). Investigational for PTSD (combined with sertraline). (1) ·
Schizophrenia (FDA-approved Dec 2019). Bipolar depression as monotherapy or adjunct to lithium/valproate (FDA-approved Dec 2021). (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000019-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001A-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001B-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001D-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000001D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000020-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000021-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000022-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000050-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-000004ED-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000004EE-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000004EF-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000004F0-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000004F1-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000B42-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000B43-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000B44-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000B45-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000D38-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000D39-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000D3A-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000D3B-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000D3C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000D3D-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000E71-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000E72-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000E73-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000E74-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000E75-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000F5C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000F5D-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000FB3-QINU`"', '''adjunctive only''' (does not treat the underlying infection) (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00001069-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000106A-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-000012E5-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000012E6-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000012E7-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000012E8-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000132E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000132F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001330-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00001341-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001342-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000143C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000143D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000143E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000143F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001440-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001441-QINU`"' (1)
starting dose:
10 mg PO once daily × 7 days, then 20 mg × 7 days, then 40 mg as target dose (take with food) (1) ·
10 mg PO once daily; may increase to 20 mg as tolerated, or decrease to 5 mg if needed (1) ·
10-20 mg PO/IV once daily; titrate by clinical response. 1:1 IV to PO conversion (unlike furosemide's 1:2) (1) ·
100-200 mg PO once or twice daily; pediatric weight-based (1) ·
100-200 mg PO TID after meals × no more than 2 days when used with concurrent antibiotic (1) ·
250-500 mg PO every 6-8 hours (1) ·
250-500 mg PO QID; 7.5-12.5 mg/kg IV q6h; topical and ophthalmic per formulation (1) ·
34 mg PO once daily (1) ·
4 g PO daily (as 4 x 1 g capsules once daily, or 2 capsules BID) (1) ·
42 mg PO once daily with food (no titration) (1) ·
5-15 mg PO once at bedtime; 10 mg PR for faster effect; bowel prep regimens use higher single doses (1) ·
500 mg PO every 6 hours, or 250 mg every 6 hours for mild infections (1) ·
Allergy: 4 mg PO TID. Serotonin syndrome: 12 mg loading dose PO or by nasogastric tube, then 2 mg every 2 hours until clinical improvement. Appetite stimulation: 2-4 mg PO TID-QID (1) ·
Anxiety: 0.5-1 mg PO BID-TID. Insomnia: 1-2 mg PO at bedtime. Status epilepticus: 4 mg IV (adult), repeat after 5-10 minutes if needed. Acute agitation: 1-2 mg IM (1) ·
Constipation: 15-30 mL PO daily (titrate to 1-2 soft stools/day); hepatic encephalopathy: 20-30 g (30-45 mL) PO/PR every 1-2 hours acutely until soft stools, then BID-QID to target 2-3 soft stools/day (1) ·
Constipation: 17 g (one capful) PO daily dissolved in 4-8 oz fluid; bowel prep: 4 L of PEG-electrolyte solution split-dose evening before and morning of procedure (1) ·
General supplementation 75-90 mg/d (RDA); scurvy treatment 100-1000 mg/d for several weeks; megadose claims unsupported (1) ·
Oral 300-450 mg PO QID; IV 600-900 mg q8h; topical 1% solution/gel BID; vaginal 100 mg ovule × 3 days or 2% cream × 7 days (1) ·
Pediatric 6-11: 100 mg PO daily, titrate weekly to max 400 mg. Adolescent 12-17: 200 mg, max 400 mg. Adult: 200 mg, max 600 mg. (1) ·
Schizophrenia: 1 mg PO daily × 4 days, then 2 mg daily × 3 days, then 4 mg daily. MDD adjunct: 0.5-1 mg daily, increase to 2 mg max. AD agitation: 0.5 mg daily, titrate to 2-3 mg daily. (1) ·
Trials use 25 mg or 50 mg PO daily (1)
preparations:
0.25 mg, 0.5 mg, 1 mg, 2 mg, 3 mg, 4 mg tablets (1) ·
1 g soft gelatin capsules containing ~465 mg EPA + ~375 mg DHA as ethyl esters (1) ·
10 g/15 mL solution (Constulose); 10 g, 20 g powder packets (Kristalose) (1) ·
10 mg, 20 mg, 40 mg tablets (1) ·
10 mg, 34 mg capsules/tablets (1) ·
100 mg, 150 mg, 200 mg extended-release capsules (can be sprinkled on food) (1) ·
100, 250, 500, 1000 mg tablets, chewables, gummies, effervescent; IV (specialty) (1) ·
17 g (OTC) and 14 g (Rx) powder packets; 238, 510, 527 g bottles; PEG-electrolyte preparations 4 L (GoLYTELY, NuLYTELY) (1) ·
250 mg, 500 mg tablets; 125 mg/5 mL, 250 mg/5 mL suspension (1) ·
250 mg, 500 mg, 750 mg capsules; 250 mg/5 mL, 125 mg/5 mL suspension; tablets (1) ·
250, 500 mg base or stearate tablets; ER tablets; ethyl succinate 200 mg/5 mL suspension; 500 mg, 1 g IV (lactobionate); 2% topical solution/gel; 0.5% ophthalmic ointment (1) ·
42 mg capsules (1) ·
5 mg enteric-coated tablets; 10 mg rectal suppositories; OTC and Rx (1) ·
5 mg, 10 mg, 20 mg tablets (1) ·
5, 10, 20, 100 mg tablets; 10 mg/mL IV (1) ·
50, 100, 250 mg capsules; 50 mg/5 mL syrup; OTC (1) ·
75, 150, 300 mg capsules; 75 mg/5 mL solution; 150 mg/mL IV; 1% topical; 2% vaginal cream (1) ·
95 mg (OTC), 99.5 mg, 100 mg, 200 mg tablets (1) ·
Investigational oral capsule (1) ·
Tablets 0.5, 1, 2 mg; oral concentrate 2 mg/mL; injection 2 mg/mL and 4 mg/mL; Loreev XR capsules 1, 2, 3 mg (1) ·
Tablets 4 mg; oral syrup 2 mg/5 mL (1)
fda max:
10 mg/day (anxiety, oral) (1) ·
2 g/d typical (1) ·
20 mg/d (1) ·
200 mg/d typical practical ceiling (1) ·
30 mg/d for short-term use (1) ·
32 mg/day adult; weight-based pediatric ceiling (1) ·
34 mg/d (1) ·
4 g/d (2) ·
4 g/d (rarely tolerated due to GI effects) (1) ·
4 mg/d (schizophrenia); 3 mg/d (AD agitation); 3 mg/d (MDD adjunct) (1) ·
4.8 g/d (IV severe infection) (1) ·
40 mg/d (1) ·
400 mg/d (pediatric); 600 mg/d (adult) (1) ·
42 mg/d (1) ·
Indication-specific; bowel prep regimens reach 4 L cumulative (1) ·
Indication-specific; HE may require high-volume dosing (1) ·
Limit to 48 hours of use to avoid hemolysis and methemoglobinemia (1) ·
Not yet approved (1) ·
UL 2000 mg/d in adults (1) ·
~500 mg/d typical (1)
routes:
onset:
1-3 days (1) ·
30-60 minutes (1) ·
30-60 minutes (oral); 5 minutes (IV); 15-30 minutes (IM) (1) ·
4-6 weeks for full antidepressant effect (claimed earlier onset for some patients due to 5HT1A partial agonism) (1) ·
ADHD symptom improvement reported within 1-2 weeks (faster than atomoxetine which takes 4-6 weeks) (1) ·
Antipsychotic effect over weeks (1) ·
Benefit over weeks of dosing (1) ·
Constipation: 1-3 days; bowel prep: 1-3 hours after starting (1) ·
Constipation: 24-48 hours; HE: ammonia reduction within hours of stool production (1) ·
Days for symptom improvement in scurvy (1) ·
Hours (4) ·
PO 1 hour; IV 10 minutes (1) ·
PO 6-12 hours; PR 15-60 minutes (1) ·
Rapid (within 1 week in trials) (1) ·
Symptom relief within 30 minutes (1) ·
Triglyceride lowering at 2-4 weeks; max at 8 weeks (1) ·
Typical antidepressant 4-6 week onset (1) ·
Weeks for psychosis/depression; AD agitation benefit emerges over weeks (1)
duration: (Click arrow to add another value)
halflife:
12-15 hours (intermediate); '''no active metabolites''' (key clinical feature)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000023-QINU`"' (1) ·
3-4 hours (similar between PO and IV due to high oral bioavailability)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000B46-QINU`"' (1) ·
8-16 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001E-QINU`"' (1) ·
Not formally established (1) ·
Not meaningfully described (1) ·
Not meaningfully described (negligible systemic absorption) (1) ·
Not meaningfully described — lactulose is not significantly absorbed (1) ·
Not well characterized; tissue incorporation over weeks'"`UNIQ--ref-00000051-QINU`"' (1) ·
Variable; effect dependent on local intestinal action rather than systemic kinetics'"`UNIQ--ref-0000106B-QINU`"' (1) ·
~1 hour'"`UNIQ--ref-000004F2-QINU`"' (1) ·
~1.5-2 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000D3E-QINU`"' (1) ·
~10-20 days (steady-state body pool); single dose plasma ~2 hours (1) ·
~18 hours (terminal) (1) ·
~2.5-3 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00001442-QINU`"' (1) ·
~25 hours (1) ·
~30-60 minutes'"`UNIQ--ref-00000E76-QINU`"' (1) ·
~57 hours (parent), ~200 h (active metabolite) (1) ·
~66 hours (1) ·
~7 hours (1) ·
~7-10 hours (variable; longer in renal impairment)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000FB4-QINU`"' (1) ·
~91 hours (1)
bioavailability:
90% (oral; food delays but does not reduce absorption)'"`UNIQ--ref-000004F3-QINU`"' (1) ·
<0.1% systemic absorption (PEG 3350 is too large to absorb intact) (1) ·
<3% systemic absorption (the basis of the safety and mechanism)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000F5E-QINU`"' (1) ·
Adequate oral bioavailability with extended-release formulation (1) ·
High (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000FB5-QINU`"' (1) ·
Improved with food'"`UNIQ--ref-00000052-QINU`"' (1) ·
Limited but adequate; take with food (1) ·
Local action; minimal systemic effect (1) ·
Low systemic absorption (enteric coating delivers drug to colon)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000106C-QINU`"' (1) ·
Not characterized; oral dosing once daily (1) ·
Oral bioavailability suitable for daily dosing (1) ·
~30-65% (oral; acid-labile, hence enteric-coated formulations; food affects absorption variably)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000D3F-QINU`"' (1) ·
~60% (oral; phenoxymethyl modification makes it acid-stable, unlike penicillin G which is destroyed by gastric acid)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000E77-QINU`"' (1) ·
~70-90% at typical doses; saturable at high doses (>500 mg) (1) ·
~72% (with food); much lower fasting (~36%) (1) ·
~75% (1) ·
~80% (oral; predictable absorption — a substantive practical advantage over furosemide whose oral absorption is 10-100% variable)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000B47-QINU`"' (1) ·
~90% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000024-QINU`"' (1) ·
~90% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00001443-QINU`"' (1) ·
~95% (1) ·
~95% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001F-QINU`"' (1)
pregnancy:
Avoid where possible; class concerns as for other loop diuretics.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Generally considered acceptable for short-term use.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Generally considered safe (minimal systemic absorption).<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Generally considered safe due to minimal systemic absorption.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Generally considered safe.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (2) ·
Generally considered safe; commonly used in pregnancy.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Generally considered safe; widely used.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (2) ·
Investigational (1) ·
Limited data (1) ·
Limited data; avoid (1) ·
Limited data; National Pregnancy Registry available (1) ·
Limited data; National Pregnancy Registry for Atypical Antipsychotics (1) ·
Limited data; not first-line in pregnancy.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Limited data; weigh benefits/risks (2) ·
Limited human data; older agent with substantial use experience.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Limited human data<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Safe at routine doses; routinely supplemented in pregnancy.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Some signal for cleft lip/palate with first-trimester exposure (debated); neonatal sedation and withdrawal with third-trimester exposure.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1)
legal:
Investigational (1) ·
OTC (lower doses) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (higher doses) in US (1) ·
OTC (MiraLAX) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (electrolyte solutions for bowel prep) in US (1) ·
OTC (ophthalmic ointment) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (other forms) in US (1) ·
OTC in US (3) ·
Rx (4) ·
Rx, '''not a controlled substance''' (no DEA scheduling) (1) ·
Rx. FDA black-box warning for increased mortality in elderly patients with dementia-related psychosis (class warning shared with all antipsychotics) (1) ·
[[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (6) ·
[[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. Carries a '''Boxed Warning''' for Clostridioides difficile colitis (one of the most C. difficile-inducing antibiotic classes)'"`UNIQ--ref-00001444-QINU`"' (1) ·
[[USLegal:Schedule IV|Schedule IV controlled substance]] in US. Carries the benzodiazepine class '''Boxed Warning''' for risk of fatal respiratory depression, coma, and death when combined with opioids'"`UNIQ--ref-00000025-QINU`"' (1)
Showing below up to 21 results in range #1 to #21.