Drilldown: Medicines
Use the filters below to narrow your results.
generic:
Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) (1) ·
Bisacodyl (1) ·
Calcium (carbonate, citrate, gluconate, chloride salts) (1) ·
Cephalexin (1) ·
Clindamycin (1) ·
Cyproheptadine (hydrochloride) (1) ·
Docusate (sodium or calcium) (1) ·
Erythromycin (1) ·
Ivermectin (1) ·
Lactulose (1) ·
Lorazepam (1) ·
Magnesium (oxide, citrate, sulfate, hydroxide, gluconate, chloride salts) (1) ·
Penicillin V (phenoxymethylpenicillin) (1) ·
Phenazopyridine (1) ·
Polyethylene glycol 3350 (PEG 3350) (1) ·
Torsemide (1)
brand:
Ativan (oral, injectable), Loreev XR (1) ·
Cleocin (oral, IV); Clindesse, Cleocin (vaginal); Clindets, Cleocin T (topical) (1) ·
Colace (sodium), Surfak (calcium); many generics OTC (1) ·
Demadex, Soaanz (1) ·
Dulcolax, Correctol, Bisac-Evac (1) ·
E.E.S., EryPed, Ery-Tab, PCE, Erythrocin (lactobionate IV); topical Erygel, Akne-Mycin; ophthalmic ointment (1) ·
Generic; huge OTC presence (1) ·
Keflex, Daxbia, Panixine; mostly prescribed generically (1) ·
Kristalose, Constulose, Generlac, Enulose (1) ·
Mag-Ox, Slow-Mag, MagCitrate, Milk of Magnesia (hydroxide); IV sulfate generic (1) ·
MiraLAX (OTC), GlycoLax, GoLYTELY (with electrolytes for bowel prep), CoLyte, MoviPrep, NuLYTELY (1) ·
Pen-V, Veetids (mostly generic) (1) ·
Periactin (US brand discontinued; generic widely available) (1) ·
Pyridium (Rx), Azo Standard, AZO Urinary Pain Relief (OTC) (1) ·
Stromectol (oral, generic), Sklice (lice, topical), Soolantra (rosacea, topical 1%) (1) ·
Tums, Caltrate, Os-Cal, Citracal; many generics (1)
classes:
hydroxide)]] (1) ·
narrow-spectrum)]] (1) ·
torsades)]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Antacids|Antacid (carbonate)]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Antacids|Antacid (hydroxide)]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Antiarrhythmics|Antiarrhythmic (IV sulfate (1) ·
[[:Category:Antibacterials|Antibacterial]] (2) ·
[[:Category:Antihistamines|First-generation antihistamine]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Antioxidants|Antioxidant]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Antiparasitics|Antiparasitic]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Anxiolytics|Anxiolytic]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Azo_dyes|Azo dye]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Benzodiazepines|Benzodiazepine]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Beta-lactam_antibiotics|β-lactam antibiotic]] (2) ·
[[:Category:Bowel_preparation_agents|Bowel preparation agent]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Calcium_supplements|Calcium supplement]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Cephalosporins|Cephalosporin (first-generation)]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Diphenylmethane_laxatives|Diphenylmethane laxative]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Disaccharides|Non-absorbable disaccharide]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Electrolyte_replacements|Electrolyte replacement]] (2) ·
[[:Category:Hepatic_encephalopathy_treatments|Hepatic encephalopathy treatment]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Lincosamides|Lincosamide antibiotic]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Loop_diuretics|Loop diuretic]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Macrocyclic_lactones|Macrocyclic lactone (avermectin)]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Macrolide_antibiotics|Macrolide antibiotic]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Orexigenics|Appetite-promoting medicine (orexigenic)]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Osmotic_laxatives|Osmotic laxative (citrate (1) ·
[[:Category:Osmotic_laxatives|Osmotic laxative]] (2) ·
[[:Category:Penicillins|Penicillin (natural (1) ·
[[:Category:Prokinetics|Prokinetic (off-label)]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Schedule IV controlled substances|Schedule IV controlled substance]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Serotonin antagonists|Serotonin 5-HT2 antagonist]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Stimulant_laxatives|Stimulant laxative]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Stool_softeners|Stool softener]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Surfactants|Surfactant]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Urinary_analgesics|Urinary tract analgesic]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Vitamins|Vitamin]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Water-soluble_vitamins|Water-soluble vitamin]] (1)
mechanism:
None (11) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000017-QINU`"' Anticholinergic and sedating, with the standard first-generation antihistamine Beers-list concerns in elderly patients'"`UNIQ--ref-00000018-QINU`"'. (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000B40-QINU`"' The TRANSFORM-HF trial (2023) found no all-cause mortality difference between torsemide and furosemide in heart failure, although torsemide remains pharmacologically preferred where furosemide oral absorption is unreliable'"`UNIQ--ref-00000B41-QINU`"'. (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00001067-QINU`"' Chronic use is associated with cathartic colon (colonic dilation, loss of haustration), hypokalemia, and laxative dependence; reserved for short-term use or bowel prep with breaks between courses'"`UNIQ--ref-00001068-QINU`"'. (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00001302-QINU`"' Renally cleared; accumulation in advanced CKD can produce neuromuscular and cardiac depression. Hypomagnesemia frequently co-exists with hypokalemia and is often the reason refractory potassium loss does not correct until magnesium is repleted. (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000132D-QINU`"' Electrolyte-balanced bowel-prep formulations are designed to be iso-osmotic with plasma so the volume passes through without net fluid or electrolyte shifts, the basis of their safety for whole-bowel evacuation. (1)
uses:
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000019-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001A-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001B-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001D-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000001D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000020-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000021-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000022-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-000004ED-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000004EE-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000004EF-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000004F0-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000004F1-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000B42-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000B43-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000B44-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000B45-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000D38-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000D39-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000D3A-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000D3B-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000D3C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000D3D-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000E71-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000E72-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000E73-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000E74-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000E75-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000F5C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000F5D-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000FB3-QINU`"', '''adjunctive only''' (does not treat the underlying infection) (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00001069-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000106A-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000108C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000108D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000108E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000108F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001090-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001091-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-000012B7-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000012B8-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000012B9-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000012BA-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000012BB-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-000012E5-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000012E6-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000012E7-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000012E8-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00001303-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001304-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001305-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001306-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001307-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001308-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001309-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000132E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000132F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001330-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00001341-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001342-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000143C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000143D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000143E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000143F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001440-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001441-QINU`"' (1)
starting dose:
10-20 mg PO/IV once daily; titrate by clinical response. 1:1 IV to PO conversion (unlike furosemide's 1:2) (1) ·
100-200 mg PO once or twice daily; pediatric weight-based (1) ·
100-200 mg PO TID after meals × no more than 2 days when used with concurrent antibiotic (1) ·
250-500 mg PO every 6-8 hours (1) ·
250-500 mg PO QID; 7.5-12.5 mg/kg IV q6h; topical and ophthalmic per formulation (1) ·
5-15 mg PO once at bedtime; 10 mg PR for faster effect; bowel prep regimens use higher single doses (1) ·
500 mg PO every 6 hours, or 250 mg every 6 hours for mild infections (1) ·
Allergy: 4 mg PO TID. Serotonin syndrome: 12 mg loading dose PO or by nasogastric tube, then 2 mg every 2 hours until clinical improvement. Appetite stimulation: 2-4 mg PO TID-QID (1) ·
Anxiety: 0.5-1 mg PO BID-TID. Insomnia: 1-2 mg PO at bedtime. Status epilepticus: 4 mg IV (adult), repeat after 5-10 minutes if needed. Acute agitation: 1-2 mg IM (1) ·
Constipation: 15-30 mL PO daily (titrate to 1-2 soft stools/day); hepatic encephalopathy: 20-30 g (30-45 mL) PO/PR every 1-2 hours acutely until soft stools, then BID-QID to target 2-3 soft stools/day (1) ·
Constipation: 17 g (one capful) PO daily dissolved in 4-8 oz fluid; bowel prep: 4 L of PEG-electrolyte solution split-dose evening before and morning of procedure (1) ·
General supplementation 75-90 mg/d (RDA); scurvy treatment 100-1000 mg/d for several weeks; megadose claims unsupported (1) ·
Oral 300-450 mg PO QID; IV 600-900 mg q8h; topical 1% solution/gel BID; vaginal 100 mg ovule × 3 days or 2% cream × 7 days (1) ·
Oral: 1000-1500 mg elemental calcium/day in divided doses for supplementation; IV gluconate 1 g (4.65 mEq) over 5-10 min for hyperkalemia or symptomatic hypocalcemia (1) ·
Replacement oxide 400-800 mg/d in divided doses (high diarrhea rate); citrate 200-400 mg/d (better tolerated, better absorbed); IV sulfate 1-2 g over 5-60 minutes for hypomagnesemia or torsades; eclampsia 4-6 g IV loading then 1-2 g/h (1) ·
Strongyloides 200 mcg/kg PO single dose; scabies 200 mcg/kg PO repeated at 7-14 days; onchocerciasis 150 mcg/kg q6-12 months (1)
preparations:
10 g/15 mL solution (Constulose); 10 g, 20 g powder packets (Kristalose) (1) ·
100, 250, 500, 1000 mg tablets, chewables, gummies, effervescent; IV (specialty) (1) ·
17 g (OTC) and 14 g (Rx) powder packets; 238, 510, 527 g bottles; PEG-electrolyte preparations 4 L (GoLYTELY, NuLYTELY) (1) ·
250 mg, 500 mg tablets; 125 mg/5 mL, 250 mg/5 mL suspension (1) ·
250 mg, 500 mg, 750 mg capsules; 250 mg/5 mL, 125 mg/5 mL suspension; tablets (1) ·
250, 500 mg base or stearate tablets; ER tablets; ethyl succinate 200 mg/5 mL suspension; 500 mg, 1 g IV (lactobionate); 2% topical solution/gel; 0.5% ophthalmic ointment (1) ·
3 mg tablets (Stromectol); 0.5% topical lotion (Sklice); 1% topical cream (Soolantra) (1) ·
5 mg enteric-coated tablets; 10 mg rectal suppositories; OTC and Rx (1) ·
5, 10, 20, 100 mg tablets; 10 mg/mL IV (1) ·
50, 100, 250 mg capsules; 50 mg/5 mL syrup; OTC (1) ·
75, 150, 300 mg capsules; 75 mg/5 mL solution; 150 mg/mL IV; 1% topical; 2% vaginal cream (1) ·
95 mg (OTC), 99.5 mg, 100 mg, 200 mg tablets (1) ·
Carbonate 200, 400, 500, 600 mg elemental tablets and chewables; citrate 200, 250, 315 mg elemental; gluconate 1 g (94 mg elemental, 4.65 mEq) IV; chloride 1 g (270 mg elemental, 13.6 mEq) IV (1) ·
Oxide 400, 500 mg tablets (240, 300 mg elemental); citrate 100, 150, 200 mg tablets; hydroxide oral suspension 400 mg/5 mL; sulfate IV 500 mg/mL ampules (1) ·
Tablets 0.5, 1, 2 mg; oral concentrate 2 mg/mL; injection 2 mg/mL and 4 mg/mL; Loreev XR capsules 1, 2, 3 mg (1) ·
Tablets 4 mg; oral syrup 2 mg/5 mL (1)
fda max:
10 mg/day (anxiety, oral) (1) ·
2 g/d typical (1) ·
200 mg/d typical practical ceiling (1) ·
30 mg/d for short-term use (1) ·
32 mg/day adult; weight-based pediatric ceiling (1) ·
4 g/d (1) ·
4 g/d (rarely tolerated due to GI effects) (1) ·
4.8 g/d (IV severe infection) (1) ·
Indication-specific; bowel prep regimens reach 4 L cumulative (1) ·
Indication-specific; HE may require high-volume dosing (1) ·
Indication-specific; renal clearance limits tolerable cumulative dosing (1) ·
Limit to 48 hours of use to avoid hemolysis and methemoglobinemia (1) ·
Single 200-400 mcg/kg per dose for systemic indications (1) ·
UL 2000 mg/d in adults (1) ·
~2500 mg elemental/d combined diet + supplements (chronic; UL) (1) ·
~500 mg/d typical (1)
routes:
onset:
1-3 days (1) ·
30-60 minutes (1) ·
30-60 minutes (oral); 5 minutes (IV); 15-30 minutes (IM) (1) ·
Acute: minutes (IV); chronic: bone effect over months (1) ·
Constipation: 1-3 days; bowel prep: 1-3 hours after starting (1) ·
Constipation: 24-48 hours; HE: ammonia reduction within hours of stool production (1) ·
Days for symptom improvement in scurvy (1) ·
Hours (4) ·
Hours to days (1) ·
Oral: hours; IV: minutes (1) ·
PO 1 hour; IV 10 minutes (1) ·
PO 6-12 hours; PR 15-60 minutes (1) ·
Symptom relief within 30 minutes (1)
duration: (Click arrow to add another value)
halflife:
12-15 hours (intermediate); '''no active metabolites''' (key clinical feature)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000023-QINU`"' (1) ·
3-4 hours (similar between PO and IV due to high oral bioavailability)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000B46-QINU`"' (1) ·
8-16 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001E-QINU`"' (1) ·
Not meaningfully described (1) ·
Not meaningfully described (electrolyte) (1) ·
Not meaningfully described (electrolyte; renally cleared) (1) ·
Not meaningfully described (negligible systemic absorption) (1) ·
Not meaningfully described — lactulose is not significantly absorbed (1) ·
Variable; effect dependent on local intestinal action rather than systemic kinetics'"`UNIQ--ref-0000106B-QINU`"' (1) ·
~1 hour'"`UNIQ--ref-000004F2-QINU`"' (1) ·
~1.5-2 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000D3E-QINU`"' (1) ·
~10-20 days (steady-state body pool); single dose plasma ~2 hours (1) ·
~16-18 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00001092-QINU`"' (1) ·
~2.5-3 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00001442-QINU`"' (1) ·
~30-60 minutes'"`UNIQ--ref-00000E76-QINU`"' (1) ·
~7-10 hours (variable; longer in renal impairment)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000FB4-QINU`"' (1)
bioavailability:
90% (oral; food delays but does not reduce absorption)'"`UNIQ--ref-000004F3-QINU`"' (1) ·
<0.1% systemic absorption (PEG 3350 is too large to absorb intact) (1) ·
<3% systemic absorption (the basis of the safety and mechanism)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000F5E-QINU`"' (1) ·
Carbonate ~30-40% (best with food and acid); citrate ~24% (absorbable without acid; preferred in achlorhydria, PPI use, post-bariatric) (1) ·
High (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000FB5-QINU`"' (1) ·
Highly salt-dependent: citrate ~25-30%; oxide ~4% (limited and causes osmotic diarrhea); chloride ~12% (1) ·
Local action; minimal systemic effect (1) ·
Low systemic absorption (enteric coating delivers drug to colon)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000106C-QINU`"' (1) ·
~30-65% (oral; acid-labile, hence enteric-coated formulations; food affects absorption variably)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000D3F-QINU`"' (1) ·
~60% (oral; phenoxymethyl modification makes it acid-stable, unlike penicillin G which is destroyed by gastric acid)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000E77-QINU`"' (1) ·
~60% (oral; substantially increased with high-fat meal)'"`UNIQ--ref-00001093-QINU`"' (1) ·
~70-90% at typical doses; saturable at high doses (>500 mg) (1) ·
~80% (oral; predictable absorption — a substantive practical advantage over furosemide whose oral absorption is 10-100% variable)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000B47-QINU`"' (1) ·
~90% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000024-QINU`"' (1) ·
~90% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00001443-QINU`"' (1) ·
~95% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001F-QINU`"' (1)
pregnancy:
Avoid where possible; class concerns as for other loop diuretics.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Generally considered acceptable for short-term use.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Generally considered safe (minimal systemic absorption).<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Generally considered safe due to minimal systemic absorption.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Generally considered safe.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (2) ·
Generally considered safe; commonly used in pregnancy.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Generally considered safe; widely used.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (2) ·
IV sulfate is the cornerstone of eclampsia/preeclampsia management; oral replacement also safe.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Limited data; not first-line in pregnancy.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Limited data; risk-benefit case by case; pregnancy is not a strict contraindication in WHO mass drug administration programs.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Limited human data; older agent with substantial use experience.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Routinely supplemented in pregnancy; needs higher in pregnancy and lactation.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Safe at routine doses; routinely supplemented in pregnancy.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Some signal for cleft lip/palate with first-trimester exposure (debated); neonatal sedation and withdrawal with third-trimester exposure.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1)
legal:
OTC (lower doses) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (higher doses) in US (1) ·
OTC (MiraLAX) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (electrolyte solutions for bowel prep) in US (1) ·
OTC (ophthalmic ointment) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (other forms) in US (1) ·
OTC (oral salts) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (IV) in US (1) ·
OTC (oral supplements) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (IV) in US (1) ·
OTC in US (3) ·
[[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (5) ·
[[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (the veterinary preparations are not for human use) (1) ·
[[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. Carries a '''Boxed Warning''' for Clostridioides difficile colitis (one of the most C. difficile-inducing antibiotic classes)'"`UNIQ--ref-00001444-QINU`"' (1) ·
[[USLegal:Schedule IV|Schedule IV controlled substance]] in US. Carries the benzodiazepine class '''Boxed Warning''' for risk of fatal respiratory depression, coma, and death when combined with opioids'"`UNIQ--ref-00000025-QINU`"' (1)
Showing below up to 16 results in range #1 to #16.