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Medicines (732)

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Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) (1) · Bisacodyl (1) · Brimonidine (1) · Calcium (carbonate, citrate, gluconate, chloride salts) (1) · Cefuroxime (axetil oral, sodium IV) (1) · Ciprofloxacin (1) · Docusate (sodium or calcium) (1) · Ivermectin (1) · Ketotifen (1) · Lactulose (1) · Loperamide (1) · Magnesium (oxide, citrate, sulfate, hydroxide, gluconate, chloride salts) (1) · Metronidazole (1) · Polyethylene glycol 3350 (PEG 3350) (1)

Alphagan P (ophthalmic glaucoma), Mirvaso (topical rosacea) (1) · Ceftin (oral), Zinacef (IV) (1) · Cipro, Cipro XR, Ciloxan (ophthalmic) (1) · Colace (sodium), Surfak (calcium); many generics OTC (1) · Dulcolax, Correctol, Bisac-Evac (1) · Flagyl, Metrocream, Metrogel, Metrogel-Vaginal, Noritate (1) · Generic; huge OTC presence (1) · Imodium, Imodium A-D (1) · Kristalose, Constulose, Generlac, Enulose (1) · Mag-Ox, Slow-Mag, MagCitrate, Milk of Magnesia (hydroxide); IV sulfate generic (1) · MiraLAX (OTC), GlycoLax, GoLYTELY (with electrolytes for bowel prep), CoLyte, MoviPrep, NuLYTELY (1) · Stromectol (oral, generic), Sklice (lice, topical), Soolantra (rosacea, topical 1%) (1) · Tums, Caltrate, Os-Cal, Citracal; many generics (1) · Zaditor, Alaway (ophthalmic, OTC); Zaditen (systemic, outside US) (1)

None (10) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00001067-QINU`"' Chronic use is associated with cathartic colon (colonic dilation, loss of haustration), hypokalemia, and laxative dependence; reserved for short-term use or bowel prep with breaks between courses'"`UNIQ--ref-00001068-QINU`"'. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00001284-QINU`"' Systemic oral ketotifen (available outside US) has historical use for asthma adjunct therapy via the same dual mechanism, but oral use produces sedation and weight gain — the topical ophthalmic application largely avoids both'"`UNIQ--ref-00001285-QINU`"'. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00001302-QINU`"' Renally cleared; accumulation in advanced CKD can produce neuromuscular and cardiac depression. Hypomagnesemia frequently co-exists with hypokalemia and is often the reason refractory potassium loss does not correct until magnesium is repleted. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000132D-QINU`"' Electrolyte-balanced bowel-prep formulations are designed to be iso-osmotic with plasma so the volume passes through without net fluid or electrolyte shifts, the basis of their safety for whole-bowel evacuation. (1)

100-200 mg PO once or twice daily; pediatric weight-based (1) · 250-500 mg PO BID × 7-14 days; IV 1.5 g q8h for serious infections (1) · 4 mg PO initially, then 2 mg after each loose stool, '''not to exceed 16 mg/d''' (8 mg OTC); chronic-use lower (1) · 5-15 mg PO once at bedtime; 10 mg PR for faster effect; bowel prep regimens use higher single doses (1) · 500 mg PO TID × 7-10 days (most indications); 2 g single dose for trichomoniasis; 500 mg IV q8h for severe anaerobic infection; rectal 1 g BID (1) · 500-750 mg PO BID; 400 mg IV q8-12h (1) · Constipation: 15-30 mL PO daily (titrate to 1-2 soft stools/day); hepatic encephalopathy: 20-30 g (30-45 mL) PO/PR every 1-2 hours acutely until soft stools, then BID-QID to target 2-3 soft stools/day (1) · Constipation: 17 g (one capful) PO daily dissolved in 4-8 oz fluid; bowel prep: 4 L of PEG-electrolyte solution split-dose evening before and morning of procedure (1) · General supplementation 75-90 mg/d (RDA); scurvy treatment 100-1000 mg/d for several weeks; megadose claims unsupported (1) · Ophthalmic 1 drop in affected eye(s) TID; topical Mirvaso 0.33% gel applied to face daily (1) · Ophthalmic 1 drop in each eye every 8-12 hours (1) · Oral: 1000-1500 mg elemental calcium/day in divided doses for supplementation; IV gluconate 1 g (4.65 mEq) over 5-10 min for hyperkalemia or symptomatic hypocalcemia (1) · Replacement oxide 400-800 mg/d in divided doses (high diarrhea rate); citrate 200-400 mg/d (better tolerated, better absorbed); IV sulfate 1-2 g over 5-60 minutes for hypomagnesemia or torsades; eclampsia 4-6 g IV loading then 1-2 g/h (1) · Strongyloides 200 mcg/kg PO single dose; scabies 200 mcg/kg PO repeated at 7-14 days; onchocerciasis 150 mcg/kg q6-12 months (1)

0.025%, 0.035% ophthalmic solutions (1) · 0.1%, 0.15%, 0.2% ophthalmic solutions; 0.33% topical gel; combinations with timolol (Combigan) and brinzolamide (Simbrinza) (1) · 10 g/15 mL solution (Constulose); 10 g, 20 g powder packets (Kristalose) (1) · 100, 250, 500, 1000 mg tablets, chewables, gummies, effervescent; IV (specialty) (1) · 125, 250, 500 mg tablets; 125 mg/5 mL, 250 mg/5 mL suspension; 750 mg, 1.5 g IV vials (1) · 17 g (OTC) and 14 g (Rx) powder packets; 238, 510, 527 g bottles; PEG-electrolyte preparations 4 L (GoLYTELY, NuLYTELY) (1) · 2 mg capsules and tablets; 1 mg/5 mL oral solution; combined with simethicone (Imodium Multi-Symptom) (1) · 250, 500 mg tablets; 750 mg ER; 500 mg/100 mL IV; 0.75-1% topical gel/cream; 0.75% vaginal gel; suppository (1) · 250, 500, 750 mg IR tablets; 500, 1000 mg ER tablets (XR); 250, 500 mg/5 mL oral suspension; 200, 400 mg IV; 0.3% ophthalmic solution and ointment; 0.2% otic (1) · 3 mg tablets (Stromectol); 0.5% topical lotion (Sklice); 1% topical cream (Soolantra) (1) · 5 mg enteric-coated tablets; 10 mg rectal suppositories; OTC and Rx (1) · 50, 100, 250 mg capsules; 50 mg/5 mL syrup; OTC (1) · Carbonate 200, 400, 500, 600 mg elemental tablets and chewables; citrate 200, 250, 315 mg elemental; gluconate 1 g (94 mg elemental, 4.65 mEq) IV; chloride 1 g (270 mg elemental, 13.6 mEq) IV (1) · Oxide 400, 500 mg tablets (240, 300 mg elemental); citrate 100, 150, 200 mg tablets; hydroxide oral suspension 400 mg/5 mL; sulfate IV 500 mg/mL ampules (1)

1 drop per eye q8-12h (1) · 1 g/d (oral); 6 g/d (IV) (1) · 16 mg/d (8 mg/d OTC) (1) · 30 mg/d for short-term use (1) · Indication-specific; bowel prep regimens reach 4 L cumulative (1) · Indication-specific; HE may require high-volume dosing (1) · Indication-specific; renal clearance limits tolerable cumulative dosing (1) · Single 200-400 mcg/kg per dose for systemic indications (1) · TID per eye (1) · UL 2000 mg/d in adults (1) · ~1500 mg/d (oral); 1200 mg/d (IV) (1) · ~2500 mg elemental/d combined diet + supplements (chronic; UL) (1) · ~4 g/d (severe systemic infection) (1) · ~500 mg/d typical (1)

especially in acute HE) (1) · IM (1) · IV (5) · IV (gluconate or chloride for acute use) (1) · Oral (12) · otic (1) · rectal (2) · rectal (enema (1) · topical (2) · Topical ophthalmic (3) · topical skin (1) · vaginal (1)

1-3 days (1) · 30-60 minutes (1) · Acute: minutes (IV); chronic: bone effect over months (1) · Constipation: 1-3 days; bowel prep: 1-3 hours after starting (1) · Constipation: 24-48 hours; HE: ammonia reduction within hours of stool production (1) · Days for symptom improvement in scurvy (1) · Hours (3) · Hours to days (1) · IOP lowering at 1 hour; max at 2-3 hours (1) · Oral: hours; IV: minutes (1) · PO 6-12 hours; PR 15-60 minutes (1) · Within minutes (1)

4 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000938-QINU`"' (1) · 6-8 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000BEB-QINU`"' (1) · Not meaningfully described (1) · Not meaningfully described (electrolyte) (1) · Not meaningfully described (electrolyte; renally cleared) (1) · Not meaningfully described (negligible systemic absorption) (1) · Not meaningfully described for ophthalmic use'"`UNIQ--ref-00001287-QINU`"' (1) · Not meaningfully described — lactulose is not significantly absorbed (1) · Variable; effect dependent on local intestinal action rather than systemic kinetics'"`UNIQ--ref-0000106B-QINU`"' (1) · ~1.5 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000FF9-QINU`"' (1) · ~10-20 days (steady-state body pool); single dose plasma ~2 hours (1) · ~16-18 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00001092-QINU`"' (1) · ~3 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-000010D1-QINU`"' (1) · ~9-14 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000FD2-QINU`"' (1)

<0.1% systemic absorption (PEG 3350 is too large to absorb intact) (1) · <3% systemic absorption (the basis of the safety and mechanism)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000F5E-QINU`"' (1) · Carbonate ~30-40% (best with food and acid); citrate ~24% (absorbable without acid; preferred in achlorhydria, PPI use, post-bariatric) (1) · Highly salt-dependent: citrate ~25-30%; oxide ~4% (limited and causes osmotic diarrhea); chloride ~12% (1) · Local action; minimal systemic effect (1) · Low systemic absorption (enteric coating delivers drug to colon)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000106C-QINU`"' (1) · Topical with minimal systemic absorption'"`UNIQ--ref-00001288-QINU`"' (1) · Topical; clinically meaningful systemic absorption can produce systemic α2 effects (somnolence, hypotension), especially in children'"`UNIQ--ref-000010D2-QINU`"' (1) · ~0.3% (oral; extensive first-pass via CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein-mediated efflux at the intestinal and blood-brain barriers limit systemic and CNS exposure at therapeutic doses)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000FD3-QINU`"' (1) · ~37% (oral, as axetil prodrug; food modestly improves absorption)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000FFA-QINU`"' (1) · ~60% (oral; substantially increased with high-fat meal)'"`UNIQ--ref-00001093-QINU`"' (1) · ~70% (oral; reduced by divalent cations — antacids, iron, calcium, dairy)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000939-QINU`"' (1) · ~70-90% at typical doses; saturable at high doses (>500 mg) (1) · ~80% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000BEC-QINU`"' (1)

None (1) · OTC (MiraLAX) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (electrolyte solutions for bowel prep) in US (1) · OTC (oral salts) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (IV) in US (1) · OTC (oral supplements) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (IV) in US (1) · OTC in US (5) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (4) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (the veterinary preparations are not for human use) (1)

Showing below up to 14 results in range #1 to #14.

A

Ascorbic Acid

B

M

P

Polyethylene Glycol 3350