Drilldown: Medicines

Albuterol (1) · Hydroxyzine (hydrochloride; pamoate salt) (1) · Ipratropium bromide (1) · Methocarbamol (1)

Atrovent (inhaler, intranasal); also generic (1) · Robaxin (oral, injectable) (1) · Ventolin, ProAir, Proventil, AccuNeb (1) · Vistaril (pamoate), Atarax (HCl, discontinued in US as brand) (1)

[[:Category:Antihistamines|First-generation antihistamine]] (1) · [[:Category:Antimuscarinics|Antimuscarinic]] (1) · [[:Category:Antipruritics|Antipruritic]] (1) · [[:Category:Anxiolytics|Anxiolytic]] (1) · [[:Category:Beta-2_adrenergic_agonists|Short-acting β2-agonist]] (1) · [[:Category:Bronchodilators|Bronchodilator]] (2) · [[:Category:Short-acting_muscarinic_antagonists|Short-acting muscarinic antagonist (SAMA)]] (1) · [[:Category:Skeletal muscle relaxants|Skeletal muscle relaxant (centrally-acting)]] (1) · [[:Category:Sleep aids|Sleep aid (off-label)]] (1)

None (2) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001D-QINU`"' '''QT prolongation''' risk at high doses prompted the FDA's 2015 caution against use in patients with prolonged QT or with concurrent QT-prolonging medicines'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001E-QINU`"'. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000093-QINU`"' At higher doses β2 selectivity is lost, producing β1 effects (tachycardia, tremor) and hypokalemia from intracellular potassium shift'"`UNIQ--ref-00000094-QINU`"'. (1)

'"`UNIQ--vote-00000015-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000016-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000020-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000021-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000022-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000023-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000024-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000025-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000095-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000096-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000097-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000098-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000F78-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000F79-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000F7A-QINU`"' (1)

Anxiety: 25-50 mg PO QID. Pruritus: 25 mg PO TID-QID. Insomnia: 25-50 mg PO at bedtime. Pediatric: 50-100 mg/day divided (1) · MDI 90 mcg/puff, 2 puffs q4-6h prn; nebulized 2.5 mg in 3 mL saline q4-6h (1) · Nebulized 500 mcg q6-8h (or with albuterol as DuoNeb); MDI 17 mcg/puff, 2 puffs QID; nasal 0.03% or 0.06% spray BID-TID (1) · Oral: 1500 mg PO QID for 2-3 days (load), then 750-1500 mg QID maintenance. IV/IM: 1000 mg every 8 hours for acute spasm (1)

Atrovent HFA 17 mcg/actuation MDI; 500 mcg/2.5 mL nebulizer solution; 0.03% and 0.06% intranasal sprays; with albuterol as DuoNeb / Combivent Respimat (1) · MDI 90 mcg/puff; nebulizer solution 0.083% (2.5 mg/3 mL), 0.5%, 0.021%, 0.042%; syrup 2 mg/5 mL; 2 mg, 4 mg tablets; 4 mg, 8 mg ER (1) · Tablets 10, 25, 50 mg (HCl); capsules 25, 50, 100 mg (pamoate); oral suspension 25 mg/5 mL; injection 25, 50 mg/mL (IM only, never IV) (1) · Tablets 500, 750 mg; injection 100 mg/mL (1)

12 inhalations/d (rescue); higher for severe exacerbation under monitoring (1) · 12 puffs MDI/d typical; nebulized 2000 mcg/d (1) · 400 mg/day theoretical; in practice rarely exceeds 200 mg/day (1) · 8 g/day (oral, short-term load); 6 g/day (chronic) (1)

None · Oral · IV · Topical · IM · intranasal · rectal · subcutaneous · Topical ophthalmic · ophthalmic · intramuscular · intravenous · transdermal · vaginal · Subcutaneous (abdomen · Sublingual · thigh · Inhaled · intra-articular · nebulized

Other values:

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15-30 minutes (oral) (1) · Bronchodilation 15-30 minutes (1) · Inhaled: 5-15 minutes; PO: 30 minutes (1) · ~30 minutes (oral) (1)

None · 24 hours · 4-6 hours · 12 hours · 6-8 hours · Daily dosing · 8-12 hours · 12-24 hours · Hours · Hours per application · 24 hours (HS dosing) · 24 hours (once-daily dosing) · 24 h · N/A · N/A (replacement) · Variable · ~7-8 hours · 3-5 hours · 4-6 hours (IR); 24 hours (ER) · 6-12 hours

Other values:

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1-2 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000017-QINU`"' (1) · 14-25 hours (longer in elderly and hepatic impairment)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000026-QINU`"' (1) · 4-6 hours (inhaled and PO)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000099-QINU`"' (1) · ~2 hours (plasma; minimal relevance — local-action drug)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000F7B-QINU`"' (1)

Inhaled lung deposition with minimal systemic absorption (the basis of the favorable safety profile vs systemic antimuscarinics)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000F7C-QINU`"' (1) · ~10% inhaled reaches systemic circulation; ~50% PO'"`UNIQ--ref-0000009A-QINU`"' (1) · ~100% (oral; near-complete absorption)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000018-QINU`"' (1) · ~80% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000027-QINU`"' (1)

Limited data; generally considered acceptable when needed.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Limited human data.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Limited human data; older agent with substantial use experience; some signal for first-trimester exposure but not conclusive.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Preferred SABA in pregnancy; benefits of asthma control outweigh limited risks.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1)

[[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (2) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. Not a controlled substance, distinguishing it from carisoprodol which is Schedule IV'"`UNIQ--ref-00000019-QINU`"' (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. Not a controlled substance, which is a meaningful clinical advantage over the benzodiazepine alternatives for short-term anxiety'"`UNIQ--ref-00000028-QINU`"' (1)