Drilldown: Medicines

None (1)

Aduhelm (1)

Anti-amyloid beta (Aβ) monoclonal antibody (1)

Human IgG1 monoclonal antibody targeting aggregated forms of amyloid-β (Aβ), soluble oligomers and insoluble fibrils. Reduces Aβ plaque burden on PET imaging via Fc-mediated microglial clearance. Whether plaque reduction translates to clinical benefit is the core controversy. (1)

Alzheimer disease (FDA accelerated approval June 2021; '''withdrawn from market January 2024''' by manufacturer Biogen). At time of approval indicated for MCI or mild dementia stage of AD. (1)

None · ~10 units SC at the same time daily, or 0.1-0.2 units/kg/d; titrate by fasting glucose · '''5 mg PO at bedtime for women, 5-10 mg for men''' (per FDA's 2013 sex-specific dose reduction for women due to slower clearance). Ambien CR 6.25 mg women / 6.25-12.5 mg men. Intermezzo SL 1.75 mg women / 3.5 mg men · 0.25 mg · 0.4 mg PO daily (general prevention); 0.8-1 mg/d in pregnancy; 4 mg/d for women with prior NTD-affected pregnancy; 1 mg/d during methotrexate therapy · 0.4 mg PO once daily, 30 minutes after the same meal each day · 0.5 mg PO once daily · 0.5-1 mg PO/IV once or twice daily; titrate to clinical response. Approximate equipotency: bumetanide 1 mg ≈ furosemide 40 mg ≈ torsemide 20 mg · 0.5-2 mg/kg/d divided or single morning dose for acute conditions; lowest effective dose for chronic conditions, with planned taper · 0.5-3 mg PO 30-60 minutes before bedtime. Some patients respond to micro-doses (0.3 mg) without additional benefit at higher doses. For circadian phase shifting, timing relative to dim-light melatonin onset matters more than absolute dose · 0.5–1 oz (10–30 g) ground for psychoactive effect; far smaller for culinary use · 0.75 mg SC weekly'"`UNIQ--ref-00000053-QINU`"' · 1 capsule (20/10 mg dextromethorphan/quinidine) PO once daily × 7 days, then 1 capsule BID · 1 drop in affected eye(s) TID (monotherapy); BID with timolol (Cosopt) · 1 drop in the affected eye(s) once daily in the evening · 1 drop in the affected eye(s) once daily in the evening (Lumigan); Latisse applied to upper lash line at bedtime · 1 g PO QID on an empty stomach (1 hour before meals and at bedtime); 1 g BID for maintenance · 1 mg at bedtime (PTSD nightmares); 1 mg BID–TID (HTN) · 1 mg PO at bedtime to limit first-dose syncope; titrate weekly to 5-10 mg · 1 mg PO once daily

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Was: 170 mg/1.7 mL, 300 mg/3 mL vials for IV infusion (1)

Withdrawn 2024 (1)

IV infusion every 4 weeks (1)

PET Aβ reduction over months (1)

None · 24 hours · 4-6 hours · 12 hours · 6-8 hours · Daily dosing · 8-12 hours · 12-24 hours · Hours · Hours per application · 24 hours (HS dosing) · 24 hours (once-daily dosing) · 24 h · N/A · N/A (replacement) · Variable · ~7-8 hours · 3-5 hours · 4-6 hours (IR); 24 hours (ER) · 6-12 hours

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None · ~12 hours · ~27 days · ~5 h (caffeine) · '''Autoinduction''': 25-65 hours initially, falling to 12-17 hours after 2-3 weeks of dosing as carbamazepine induces its own CYP3A4 metabolism. Major clinical implication: doses require re-titration after the autoinduction period'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001D-QINU`"' · 0.5-1.5 hours (plasma); pharmacodynamic effect persists 24+ hours'"`UNIQ--ref-000000DE-QINU`"' · 1-1.3 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-000001A1-QINU`"' · 1-1.5 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000DE3-QINU`"' · 1-2 hours (parent compound)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000029-QINU`"' · 1-2 hours (parent); 18-30 hours for active metabolite oxypurinol'"`UNIQ--ref-0000030F-QINU`"' · 1-2 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000017-QINU`"' · 1-3 days acute, 4-6 days chronic; 4-16 days for norfluoxetine'"`UNIQ--ref-0000004C-QINU`"' · 1-3 hours (normal liver); markedly prolonged in overdose with glutathione depletion'"`UNIQ--ref-00000022-QINU`"' · 1-3 minutes (very short)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000C0F-QINU`"' · 1.4 hours (parent); 13-24 hours for active metabolite canrenone'"`UNIQ--ref-00000354-QINU`"' · 1.5-2 hours (longer in renal failure)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000222-QINU`"' · 1.5-2 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000020-QINU`"' · 10-11 hours (benazeprilat, the active metabolite)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000A22-QINU`"' · 11-13 h (immediate-release); 11-16 h (extended-release) · 11-15 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000842-QINU`"'

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100% (IV) (1)

Discontinued/withdrawn (1)

Withdrawn from US market January 2024 (1)