Drilldown: Medicines
Medicines > fda max 
:
2 g/day (seizures); typically much lower for essential tremor or
40 mg/d typical; up to 240 mg/d for Zollinger-Ellison or
600 mg/d
:
2 g/day (seizures); typically much lower for essential tremor or
40 mg/d typical; up to 240 mg/d for Zollinger-Ellison or
600 mg/d Use the filters below to narrow your results.
generic:
brand:
classes:
[[:Category:Anticonvulsants|Anticonvulsant]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Antisecretory_agents|Gastric acid suppressant]] (2) ·
[[:Category:Antitussives|Antitussive]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Barbiturates|Barbiturate (parent compound)]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Beta-lactam_antibiotics|β-lactam antibiotic]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Cephalosporins|Cephalosporin (third-generation)]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Proton_pump_inhibitors|Proton pump inhibitor (PPI)]] (2) ·
[[:Category:Tremor medicines|Tremor medicine]] (1)
mechanism:
None (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000013-QINU`"' Strong CYP3A4 induction via the phenobarbital metabolite produces many interactions (reduces oral contraceptives, warfarin, many psychotropics). Essential-tremor efficacy is the unique pharmacological selling point'"`UNIQ--ref-00000014-QINU`"'. (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000015-QINU`"' Pediatric ingestion (capsule chewed or punctured) releases the free local anesthetic and causes seizures, cardiac arrhythmia, and death'"`UNIQ--ref-00000016-QINU`"'. (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000117-QINU`"' Compared with omeprazole, pantoprazole has a more linear pharmacokinetic profile and is metabolized predominantly via CYP2C19 with CYP3A4 contribution; less CYP2C19-driven drug interaction with clopidogrel than omeprazole'"`UNIQ--ref-00000118-QINU`"'. (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-000008E1-QINU`"' Like omeprazole, it is an acid-activated prodrug that covalently and irreversibly binds the H+/K+ ATPase. CYP2C19 PGx remains clinically relevant for both'"`UNIQ--ref-000008E2-QINU`"'. (1)
uses:
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000015-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000016-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000017-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000119-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000011A-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000011B-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000011C-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-000008E3-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000008E4-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000008E5-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000008E6-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000008E7-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-000009DF-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000009E0-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000009E1-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000009E2-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000009E3-QINU`"' (1)
starting dose:
100-200 mg PO TID (max 600 mg/d) (1) ·
20-40 mg PO once daily, 30-60 minutes before breakfast (1) ·
300 mg PO BID, or 600 mg PO once daily, ×5-10 days; pediatric 14 mg/kg/d (1) ·
40 mg PO or IV once daily (1) ·
Seizures: 100-125 mg PO at bedtime x 3 days, then BID, then TID, escalating to 750-1500 mg/day. Essential tremor: 25-50 mg PO at bedtime, titrate slowly to 250-750 mg/day (1)
preparations:
100, 150, 200 mg liquid-filled capsules ("perles") (1) ·
20 mg, 40 mg delayed-release tablets; 40 mg IV vial; oral suspension 40 mg/packet (1) ·
20, 40 mg delayed-release capsules; 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 40 mg oral suspension packets; 20, 40 mg IV (1) ·
300 mg capsules; 125, 250 mg/5 mL suspension (1) ·
Tablets 50, 250 mg (1)
fda max: (Click arrow to add another value)
routes:
onset:
duration:
halflife:
Not well characterized'"`UNIQ--ref-00000018-QINU`"' (1) ·
Primidone 5-15 hours; '''phenobarbital active metabolite 50-150 hours'''; PEMA (phenylethylmalonamide) active metabolite 16 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000017-QINU`"' (1) ·
~1 hour (plasma); pharmacodynamic effect persists 24+ hours'"`UNIQ--ref-0000011D-QINU`"' (1) ·
~1.5 hours (plasma); pharmacodynamic effect 24+ hours via target turnover'"`UNIQ--ref-000008E8-QINU`"' (1) ·
~1.7 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-000009E4-QINU`"' (1)
bioavailability:
16-21% capsule, 25% suspension (oral; iron and antacids reduce absorption substantially)'"`UNIQ--ref-000009E5-QINU`"' (1) ·
Not well characterized'"`UNIQ--ref-00000019-QINU`"' (1) ·
~64-90% (oral; increases at higher doses and with multi-day dosing)'"`UNIQ--ref-000008E9-QINU`"' (1) ·
~77% (oral; not affected by food or antacids)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000011E-QINU`"' (1) ·
~90% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000018-QINU`"' (1)
pregnancy:
Generally considered safe in pregnancy.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Generally considered safe; widely used in obstetric reflux.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Limited human data; animal reproductive studies not conducted<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Substantial teratogenic signal (barbiturate class effects including neonatal withdrawal and hemorrhagic disease of newborn).<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Widely used in obstetric reflux; reassuring data.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1)
legal:
OTC (20 mg, 14-day course) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (higher and longer durations) in US (1) ·
[[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (3) ·
[[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. '''Federally non-controlled despite being a barbiturate''', a paradoxical situation given that its primary active metabolite phenobarbital is Schedule IV'"`UNIQ--ref-00000019-QINU`"' (1)
Showing below up to 5 results in range #1 to #5.