Drilldown: Medicines

Brugmansia (1) · Bufo alvarius (1) · Mescal Bean (1) · Nutmeg (1) · Phalaris arundinaceae (1)

''Brugmansia'' spp., Angel's trumpet, ''borrachero'', ''toé'' (1) · ''Myristica fragrans''. Mace (the fruit aril) (1) · ''Sophora secundiflora''. Texas mountain laurel, frijolillo (1) · Reed canary grass (1) · Sonoran Desert Toad, Colorado River Toad (1)

Animal Medicine (1) · Daimonica (1) · Empathogenica (1) · Phantastica (3) · Plant Med (1) · Plant Medicine (3) · Tropane alkaloid plant (1)

5-MeO-DMT is a potent 5-HT1A agonist (greater than 5-HT2A). Distinct from N,N-DMT in producing a more unitive, less visual, often ego-dissolving experience. (1) · Active alkaloid is cytisine, a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist. NOT a classical 5-HT2A psychedelic. (1) · Active oils are myristicin, elemicin, and safrole, phenethylamine precursors that may be aminated in vivo to MMDA, TMA, and MDA respectively (Shulgin's 'essential amphetamines' hypothesis). (1) · Contains varying amounts of DMT, 5-MeO-DMT, bufotenine, and gramine depending on strain and growing conditions. (1) · Tropane alkaloids: scopolamine (dominant), hyoscyamine, atropine. Competitive antagonism at muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. (1)

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None (4) · 0.5–1 oz (10–30 g) ground for psychoactive effect; far smaller for culinary use (1)

Acid/base extraction of fresh young grass for tryptamines; combined with an MAOI (1) · Bright red seeds, traditionally ingested or smoked. Highly toxic, narrow margin between active and lethal (1) · Flowers or leaves infused or smoked. Highly variable potency; narrow toxic margin (1) · Ground dried seed (nutmeg) or fruit aril (mace); occasionally infused (1) · Parotid-gland venom expressed onto a glass plate, dried into a shellac-like resin, vaporized and inhaled (1)

None · Indication-specific · 40 mg/d · 10 mg/d · 20 mg/d · 80 mg/d · 10 mg/d (adults) · 100 mg/d · 4 g/d · 400 mg/d · 40 mg/d typical; up to 240 mg/d for Zollinger-Ellison · 5 mg/d · 50 mg/d · 600 mg/d · No fixed ceiling; titrate to clinical effect and tolerability with CDC opioid prescribing guidance constraints on morphine-milligram-equivalent (MME) totals · No fixed maximum; titrated to TSH target · TID per eye · Titrated to glucose; no fixed ceiling · Titrated to glucose; no fixed maximum · '''20 mg/day in adults >60 years''' per FDA's 2011-2012 QT-prolongation warning; 40 mg/day in adults ≤60

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inhalation (1) · Inhalation (vaporized) (1) · Oral (3) · Oral (with MAOI) (1)

None (3) · Seconds (1) · Slow, 2–6 h (1)

None (3) · 12–24 h or longer (1) · ~15 min (1)

None (5)

None (5)

None (5)

None (4) · 5-MeO-DMT is Schedule I in US (since 2011); the toad itself is protected in several southwestern states (1)