Drilldown: Medicines

None (1) · Bromazolam (1) · Mirabegron (1)

(none, never marketed) (1) · Myrbetriq (1) · Quviviq (1)

Designer benzodiazepine (1) · Dual orexin receptor antagonist (DORA) (1) · Research material (1) · Sedative-Hypnotic (1) · Triazolobenzodiazepine (1) · [[:Category:Beta-3_agonists|β3 adrenergic agonist]] (1) · [[:Category:Overactive_bladder_medications|Overactive bladder medication]] (1)

None (2) · Positive allosteric modulator of the GABA_A receptor at the benzodiazepine binding site; increases frequency of Cl⁻ channel opening, producing anxiolytic, sedative, hypnotic, anticonvulsant, and skeletal-muscle relaxant effects. (1)

Insomnia (sleep onset and/or sleep maintenance) in adults (FDA-approved Jan 2022) (1) · No approved medical problem. Encountered as a designer/research benzodiazepine and, increasingly, as an adulterant in illicit opioid supplies. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000C4C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000C4D-QINU`"' (1)

25 mg PO at bedtime (no titration); may increase to 50 mg if 25 mg inadequate (1) · 25 mg PO once daily; titrate to 50 mg after 4-8 weeks if needed (1) · No medical dose. Active recreational doses reported in the 0.5–1.5 mg range (similar potency to alprazolam). (1)

25 mg, 50 mg tablets (1) · 25, 50 mg ER tablets; 8 mg/mL granules for oral suspension (Myrbetriq Granules, pediatric) (1) · Illicit tablets ("bars"), powders, blotter, occasionally solutions. No pharmaceutical product exists. (1)

None · Indication-specific · 40 mg/d · 10 mg/d · 20 mg/d · 80 mg/d · 10 mg/d (adults) · 100 mg/d · 4 g/d · 400 mg/d · 40 mg/d typical; up to 240 mg/d for Zollinger-Ellison · 5 mg/d · 50 mg/d · 600 mg/d · No fixed ceiling; titrate to clinical effect and tolerability with CDC opioid prescribing guidance constraints on morphine-milligram-equivalent (MME) totals · No fixed maximum; titrated to TSH target · TID per eye · Titrated to glucose; no fixed ceiling · Titrated to glucose; no fixed maximum · '''20 mg/day in adults >60 years''' per FDA's 2011-2012 QT-prolongation warning; 40 mg/day in adults ≤60

Other values:

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intranasal; rectal and IV reported. (1) · Oral (3) · sublingual (1)

Symptom improvement within weeks (1) · ~20–40 min PO; faster sublingual/intranasal. (1) · ~30 min (1)

24 hours (1) · 6–10 h subjective; full pharmacologic effect considerably longer. (1) · ~7-8 hours (1)

Estimated ~12–17 h (some sources cite up to ~21 h); active metabolites prolong effect. (1) · ~50 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000C4E-QINU`"' (1) · ~8 hours (shorter than suvorexant and lemborexant) (1)

25 mg: ~29%; 50 mg: ~35%; food reduces absorption'"`UNIQ--ref-00000C4F-QINU`"' (1) · Not formally characterized in humans. (1) · ~62% (1)

Avoid. Benzodiazepines are associated with neonatal sedation, floppy-infant syndrome, and withdrawal; teratogenic signal weak but non-zero. Designer benzo with no safety data, assume worst-case. (1) · Limited data.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Limited data; avoid (1)

None (1) · Rx, Schedule IV (US) (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (1)