Drilldown: Medicines
Use the filters below to narrow your results.
generic:
brand:
classes:
Anxiolytic (1) ·
Benzodiazepine (1) ·
Dual orexin receptor antagonist (DORA) (1) ·
Selective 5HT2A inverse agonist (with weaker 5HT2C inverse agonism) (1) ·
Triazolobenzodiazepine (1) ·
[[:Category:Antianginals|Antianginal]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Antiasthmatic_agents|Antiasthmatic]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Antihistamines|Antihistamine]] (2) ·
[[:Category:Antihyperglycemic_agents|Antihyperglycemic agent]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Antihypertensives|Antihypertensive]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Calcium_channel_blockers|Calcium channel blocker]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Cholesterol_absorption_inhibitors|Cholesterol absorption inhibitor]] (1) ·
[[:Category:H1_receptor_antagonists|Histamine H1 receptor antagonist (second-generation)]] (2) ·
[[:Category:Heart_failure_medications|Heart failure medication]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Leukotriene_receptor_antagonists|Leukotriene receptor antagonist]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Lipid-lowering_agents|Lipid-lowering agent]] (1) ·
[[:Category:SGLT2_inhibitors|SGLT2 inhibitor]] (1)
mechanism:
None (3) ·
Competitive antagonist at OX1R and OX2R. Faster receptor association/dissociation kinetics than suvorexant (~16 sec dissociation vs ~57 sec) hypothesized to support sleep onset, with sufficient duration for maintenance. (1) ·
GABA-A positive allosteric modulator'"`UNIQ--ref-00000067-QINU`"' '"`UNIQ--vote-00000068-QINU`"' (1) ·
Selective inverse agonist at 5HT2A receptors with weaker activity at 5HT2C. Has no significant dopamine D2 affinity, unique among approved antipsychotics. Inverse agonism (rather than antagonism) reduces constitutive 5HT2A receptor activity below baseline. (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000073-QINU`"' The long half-life gives smooth, once-daily BP control with low rebound. CYP3A4 substrate; pedal edema is the characteristic, dose-related, non-fluid-overload side effect'"`UNIQ--ref-00000074-QINU`"'. (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000391-QINU`"' Minimal CYP metabolism; mostly renally cleared unchanged. Cetirizine is the active racemate; levocetirizine is the active R-enantiomer marketed separately'"`UNIQ--ref-00000392-QINU`"'. (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000061E-QINU`"' Less reliably anticholinergic than first-generation H1s; minimal antiemetic effect. Desloratadine (Clarinex) is the active enantiomer-of-metabolite version marketed as a Rx alternative. (1)
uses:
Hallucinations and delusions associated with Parkinson's disease psychosis (PDP). Investigational for psychosis in other dementias and as augmentation for depression. (1) ·
Insomnia (sleep onset and/or maintenance) in adults (FDA-approved Dec 2019) (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000069-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000006A-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000006B-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000075-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000076-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000077-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000015B-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000015C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000015D-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000393-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000394-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000395-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000044C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000044D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000044E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000044F-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000054E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000054F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000550-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000551-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000061F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000620-QINU`"' (1)
starting dose:
0.25 mg (1) ·
10 mg PO once daily (1) ·
10 mg PO once daily (5 mg in older adults or if sedation occurs) (1) ·
10 mg PO once daily in the evening (adults); 4-5 mg in children (1) ·
10 mg PO once daily in the morning; 5 mg starting in heart failure (1) ·
10 mg PO once daily, with or without food (1) ·
2.5-5 mg PO once daily; titrate to 10 mg/d (1) ·
34 mg PO once daily (1) ·
5 mg PO at bedtime; may increase to 10 mg if inadequate (1)
preparations:
0.25 mg, 0.5 mg, 1 mg, 2 mg tablets (immediate-release and orally disintegrating); 0.5 mg, 1 mg, 2 mg, 3 mg extended-release tablets; 1 mg/mL oral concentrate (1) ·
10 mg tablet; also as fixed-dose combinations with simvastatin (Vytorin) and atorvastatin (Liptruzet, withdrawn US 2015 but generics exist) (1) ·
10 mg tablets; 4 mg, 5 mg chewables; 4 mg granules (1) ·
10 mg tablets; 5 mg ODT and chewables; 1 mg/mL oral syrup; combo Claritin-D (with pseudoephedrine, behind-counter) (1) ·
10 mg, 34 mg capsules/tablets (1) ·
2.5, 5, 10 mg tablets; 1 mg/mL oral suspension (1) ·
5 mg, 10 mg tablets (2) ·
5 mg, 10 mg tablets; 5 mg, 10 mg chewables; 1 mg/mL oral syrup; OTC (1)
fda max: (Click arrow to add another value)
routes:
onset:
1-3 hours (slower onset than cetirizine; symptom relief somewhat less) (1) ·
30-60 min (immediate-release); 1-2 h (extended-release) (1) ·
30-60 minutes (1) ·
Benefit over weeks of dosing (1) ·
BP effect within 24 hours; full effect at 1-2 weeks (long half-life) (1) ·
Bronchodilation within 1-2 hours; full controller effect 1-2 weeks (1) ·
Glycosuria within hours; HbA1c effect at 12 weeks; CV/renal benefits over months (1) ·
LDL lowering within 2 weeks (1) ·
~30 min (1)
duration:
halflife:
11-13 h (immediate-release); 11-16 h (extended-release) (1) ·
2.7-5.5 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-0000015E-QINU`"' (1) ·
30-50 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000078-QINU`"' (1) ·
8-10 hours (longer in elderly and renal impairment)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000396-QINU`"' (1) ·
~12.9 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000552-QINU`"' (1) ·
~17-19 hours (longer than daridorexant) (1) ·
~22 hours (parent + active glucuronide)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000450-QINU`"' (1) ·
~57 hours (parent), ~200 h (active metabolite) (1) ·
~8 hours (parent); ~28 hours (desloratadine, the active metabolite, marketed separately as Clarinex)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000621-QINU`"' (1)
bioavailability:
64-90% (oral; not affected by food)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000079-QINU`"' (1) ·
80-90% oral (1) ·
High (oral); not significantly affected by food'"`UNIQ--ref-00000397-QINU`"' (1) ·
High (oral; food prolongs absorption modestly)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000622-QINU`"' (1) ·
Not characterized; oral dosing once daily (1) ·
Variable (oral; rapidly conjugated to active glucuronide; food does not affect)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000451-QINU`"' (1) ·
~44% (1) ·
~64% (oral; not significantly affected by food)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000015F-QINU`"' (1) ·
~78% (oral; high-fat meal modestly reduces but is not clinically significant)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000553-QINU`"' (1)
pregnancy:
Avoid in second and third trimesters; fetal SGLT2 inhibition disrupts kidney development.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Category D'"`UNIQ--ref-0000006C-QINU`"' (1) ·
Generally considered safe; pregnancy registries do not show increased major malformation risk.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Generally considered safe; widely used. Levocetirizine (the R-enantiomer) is an alternative with similar safety.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Generally considered safe; widely used. Loratadine and cetirizine are the most-recommended 2nd-gen H1s in pregnancy and lactation.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Limited data; avoid (2) ·
Limited data; case series and registries suggest no major teratogenicity but other antihypertensives (labetalol, nifedipine) are typically preferred.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Limited data; generally avoided particularly in combination with statin.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1)
legal:
OTC in US (2) ·
Rx, Schedule IV (US) (1) ·
Rx. FDA black-box warning for increased mortality in elderly patients with dementia-related psychosis (class warning shared with all antipsychotics) (1) ·
Schedule IV (US) (1) ·
[[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (3) ·
[[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. '''FDA Boxed Warning (2020):''' neuropsychiatric events including agitation, depression, sleep disturbance, and suicidal thoughts; benefit-risk should be reassessed regularly'"`UNIQ--ref-00000160-QINU`"'. (1)
Showing below up to 9 results in range #1 to #9.