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Medicines > fda max

: 10 mg/d (adults)

or 100 mg/d

or 400 mg/d

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Cetirizine (1) · Flecainide (1) · Flibanserin (1) · Loratadine (1) · Losartan (1) · Metoprolol (1) · Montelukast (1) · Moxifloxacin (1) · Sitagliptin (1)

Addyi (1) · Avelox (oral/IV brand discontinued US); Vigamox, Moxeza (ophthalmic) (1) · Claritin, Alavert, Tavist ND (1) · Cozaar (1) · Januvia; with metformin Janumet/Janumet XR (1) · Lopressor (tartrate), Toprol XL (succinate) (1) · Singulair (1) · Tambocor (US brand discontinued) (1) · Zyrtec, Zyrtec-D (1)

None (1) · 5-HT1A agonist, 5-HT2A antagonist, with weaker activity at D4 and other receptors. Net effect involves enhanced prefrontal dopaminergic/noradrenergic tone with decreased serotonergic inhibition of sexual desire. (1) · Cardioselective β1-adrenergic antagonist. Selectivity is dose-dependent and partially lost at higher doses. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000000B6-QINU`"' Active metabolite EXP3174 is ~10-40-fold more potent than the parent and accounts for most of the antihypertensive effect; CYP2C9 polymorphism affects conversion'"`UNIQ--ref-000000B7-QINU`"'. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000391-QINU`"' Minimal CYP metabolism; mostly renally cleared unchanged. Cetirizine is the active racemate; levocetirizine is the active R-enantiomer marketed separately'"`UNIQ--ref-00000392-QINU`"'. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000061E-QINU`"' Less reliably anticholinergic than first-generation H1s; minimal antiemetic effect. Desloratadine (Clarinex) is the active enantiomer-of-metabolite version marketed as a Rx alternative. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000762-QINU`"' Largely renally cleared, hence the eGFR-tiered dosing. Rare but well-documented signals: acute pancreatitis (uncertain causal contribution), severe joint pain, and bullous pemphigoid (class effect, especially in older Asian patients)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000763-QINU`"'. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000D7A-QINU`"' Substantial QT-interval prolongation — the most QT-prolonging fluoroquinolone — limits use in patients on other QT-prolonging agents or with electrolyte abnormalities'"`UNIQ--ref-00000D7B-QINU`"'. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000113A-QINU`"' Concomitant β-blocker or CCB is required when used for AF to prevent 1:1 atrial flutter conduction (flecainide can slow atrial rate to a level where AV conduction allows dangerous ventricular rates). CYP2D6 substrate'"`UNIQ--ref-0000113B-QINU`"'. (1)

10 mg PO once daily (1) · 10 mg PO once daily (5 mg in older adults or if sedation occurs) (1) · 10 mg PO once daily in the evening (adults); 4-5 mg in children (1) · 100 mg at bedtime daily (1) · 100 mg PO once daily (50 mg if CrCl 30-44; 25 mg if <30 or dialysis) (1) · 25–50 mg BID (tartrate); 25–100 mg daily (succinate); 12.5 mg daily in HFrEF (1) · 400 mg PO/IV once daily (1) · 50 mg PO BID; titrate to 100-200 mg BID; pill-in-pocket 200-300 mg PO single dose for AF conversion (1) · 50 mg PO daily (25 mg in volume depletion or hepatic impairment) (1)

10 mg tablets; 4 mg, 5 mg chewables; 4 mg granules (1) · 10 mg tablets; 5 mg ODT and chewables; 1 mg/mL oral syrup; combo Claritin-D (with pseudoephedrine, behind-counter) (1) · 100 mg tabs (1) · 25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg tablets (1) · 25, 50, 100 mg tablets; combination tablets with metformin (1) · 400 mg tablets; 400 mg/250 mL IV; 0.5% ophthalmic solution (1) · 5 mg, 10 mg tablets; 5 mg, 10 mg chewables; 1 mg/mL oral syrup; OTC (1) · 50, 100, 150 mg tablets (1) · Tartrate: 25, 50, 100 mg tabs; 1 mg/mL IV. Succinate ER: 25, 50, 100, 200 mg. (1)

IV (2) · Oral (9) · topical ophthalmic (1)

1-3 hours (slower onset than cetirizine; symptom relief somewhat less) (1) · 1–2 h (PO); immediate (IV) (1) · 30-60 minutes (1) · AF conversion within hours of single PO dose (1) · BP effect 1-2 weeks; antihypertensive peak 3-6 weeks (1) · Bronchodilation within 1-2 hours; full controller effect 1-2 weeks (1) · Effects accumulate over weeks; assess at 8 weeks (1) · Hours (1) · Postprandial glucose effect within days; HbA1c by 12 weeks (1)

12 hours (1) · 24 hours (6) · 6–12 h (tartrate); 24 h (succinate) (1) · Continuous daily dosing (1)

2 hours (parent); 6-9 hours for active carboxylic acid metabolite EXP3174'"`UNIQ--ref-000000BC-QINU`"' (1) · 2.7-5.5 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-0000015E-QINU`"' (1) · 3–7 h (1) · 8-10 hours (longer in elderly and renal impairment)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000396-QINU`"' (1) · ~11 h (1) · ~12 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000D82-QINU`"' (1) · ~12.4 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000765-QINU`"' (1) · ~14 hours (adults); longer in elderly and renal impairment'"`UNIQ--ref-0000113F-QINU`"' (1) · ~8 hours (parent); ~28 hours (desloratadine, the active metabolite, marketed separately as Clarinex)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000621-QINU`"' (1)

High (oral); not significantly affected by food'"`UNIQ--ref-00000397-QINU`"' (1) · High (oral; food prolongs absorption modestly)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000622-QINU`"' (1) · ~33% (1) · ~33% (extensive first-pass via CYP2C9 and CYP3A4)'"`UNIQ--ref-000000BD-QINU`"' (1) · ~50% (1) · ~64% (oral; not significantly affected by food)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000015F-QINU`"' (1) · ~87% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000766-QINU`"' (1) · ~90% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00001140-QINU`"' (1) · ~90% (oral; not affected by food but reduced by divalent cations)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000D83-QINU`"' (1)

'''Avoid in pregnancy where alternatives exist''' (animal cartilage toxicity).[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]] (1) · '''Contraindicated in pregnancy''' (all trimesters); fetal renal injury, oligohydramnios, hypocalvaria, hypotension. Stop on detection'"`UNIQ--ref-000000BE-QINU`"' (1) · Category C (1) · Generally considered safe; pregnancy registries do not show increased major malformation risk.[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]] (1) · Generally considered safe; widely used. Levocetirizine (the R-enantiomer) is an alternative with similar safety.[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]] (1) · Generally considered safe; widely used. Loratadine and cetirizine are the most-recommended 2nd-gen H1s in pregnancy and lactation.[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]] (1) · Limited data; switch to insulin where feasible.[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]] (1) · Not indicated; pregnancy effects unknown (1) · Use in fetal SVT (transplacental antiarrhythmic therapy) is established; otherwise weigh against alternatives.[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]] (1)

OTC in US (2) · Rx-only in US (1) · Rx-only in US (REMS program) (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (2) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. '''Contraindicated in structural heart disease''' — CAST trial (1989) showed increased mortality from class IC agents in patients with prior MI; modern use is limited to structurally normal hearts'"`UNIQ--ref-00001141-QINU`"' (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. '''FDA Boxed Warning (2020):''' neuropsychiatric events including agitation, depression, sleep disturbance, and suicidal thoughts; benefit-risk should be reassessed regularly'"`UNIQ--ref-00000160-QINU`"'. (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. Carries the same fluoroquinolone-class '''Boxed Warnings''' as ciprofloxacin/levofloxacin'"`UNIQ--ref-00000D84-QINU`"' (1)

Showing below up to 9 results in range #1 to #9.

C

Cetirizine

F

L

M

Metoprolol

S

Sitagliptin