Drilldown: Medicines

Cetirizine (1) · Codeine / Acetaminophen (1) · Flecainide (1) · Loratadine (1) · Metoprolol (1) · Montelukast (1) · Moxifloxacin (1)

Avelox (oral/IV brand discontinued US); Vigamox, Moxeza (ophthalmic) (1) · Claritin, Alavert, Tavist ND (1) · Lopressor (tartrate), Toprol XL (succinate) (1) · Singulair (1) · Tambocor (US brand discontinued) (1) · Tylenol with Codeine #3 (30 mg codeine), Tylenol #4 (60 mg codeine), Capital with Codeine, Phenaphen with Codeine (1) · Zyrtec, Zyrtec-D (1)

Beta Blocker (1) · Cardioselective (β1) (1) · weak)]] (1) · [[:Category:Antiarrhythmics|Antiarrhythmic (Vaughan-Williams class IC)]] (1) · [[:Category:Antiasthmatic_agents|Antiasthmatic]] (1) · [[:Category:Antibacterials|Antibacterial]] (1) · [[:Category:Antihistamines|Antihistamine]] (2) · [[:Category:Fixed-dose_combinations|Fixed-dose combination]] (1) · [[:Category:Fluoroquinolones|Fluoroquinolone antibiotic]] (1) · [[:Category:H1_receptor_antagonists|Histamine H1 receptor antagonist (second-generation)]] (2) · [[:Category:Leukotriene_receptor_antagonists|Leukotriene receptor antagonist]] (1) · [[:Category:Non-opioid_analgesics|Non-opioid analgesic (acetaminophen)]] (1) · [[:Category:Opioid_analgesics|Opioid analgesic (codeine (1) · [[:Category:Schedule_III_controlled_substances|Schedule III controlled substance]] (1)

None (1) · Cardioselective β1-adrenergic antagonist. Selectivity is dose-dependent and partially lost at higher doses. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000391-QINU`"' Minimal CYP metabolism; mostly renally cleared unchanged. Cetirizine is the active racemate; levocetirizine is the active R-enantiomer marketed separately'"`UNIQ--ref-00000392-QINU`"'. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000061E-QINU`"' Less reliably anticholinergic than first-generation H1s; minimal antiemetic effect. Desloratadine (Clarinex) is the active enantiomer-of-metabolite version marketed as a Rx alternative. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000D7A-QINU`"' Substantial QT-interval prolongation — the most QT-prolonging fluoroquinolone — limits use in patients on other QT-prolonging agents or with electrolyte abnormalities'"`UNIQ--ref-00000D7B-QINU`"'. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000113A-QINU`"' Concomitant β-blocker or CCB is required when used for AF to prevent 1:1 atrial flutter conduction (flecainide can slow atrial rate to a level where AV conduction allows dangerous ventricular rates). CYP2D6 substrate'"`UNIQ--ref-0000113B-QINU`"'. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00001513-QINU`"' The combination with acetaminophen provides additive non-opioid analgesia and lowers required codeine dose. CYP2D6 PGx is one of the most clinically actionable in current pharmacology; CPIC supports genotype-guided opioid selection'"`UNIQ--ref-00001514-QINU`"'. (1)

'"`UNIQ--vote-0000015B-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000015C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000015D-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000393-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000394-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000395-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000004F5-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000004F6-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000004F7-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000004F8-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000004F9-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000061F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000620-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000D7C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000D7D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000D7E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000D7F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000D80-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000D81-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000113C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000113D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000113E-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00001515-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001516-QINU`"' (1)

1-2 tablets (15-60 mg codeine, 300-600 mg acetaminophen) PO every 4-6 hours as needed (1) · 10 mg PO once daily (1) · 10 mg PO once daily (5 mg in older adults or if sedation occurs) (1) · 10 mg PO once daily in the evening (adults); 4-5 mg in children (1) · 25–50 mg BID (tartrate); 25–100 mg daily (succinate); 12.5 mg daily in HFrEF (1) · 400 mg PO/IV once daily (1) · 50 mg PO BID; titrate to 100-200 mg BID; pill-in-pocket 200-300 mg PO single dose for AF conversion (1)

10 mg tablets; 4 mg, 5 mg chewables; 4 mg granules (1) · 10 mg tablets; 5 mg ODT and chewables; 1 mg/mL oral syrup; combo Claritin-D (with pseudoephedrine, behind-counter) (1) · 400 mg tablets; 400 mg/250 mL IV; 0.5% ophthalmic solution (1) · 5 mg, 10 mg tablets; 5 mg, 10 mg chewables; 1 mg/mL oral syrup; OTC (1) · 50, 100, 150 mg tablets (1) · Codeine/acetaminophen 15/300 (#2 historical), 30/300 (#3), 60/300 (#4) mg tablets; 12/120 mg/5 mL elixir (1) · Tartrate: 25, 50, 100 mg tabs; 1 mg/mL IV. Succinate ER: 25, 50, 100, 200 mg. (1)

None · Indication-specific · 40 mg/d · 10 mg/d · 20 mg/d · 80 mg/d · 10 mg/d (adults) · 100 mg/d · 4 g/d · 400 mg/d · 40 mg/d typical; up to 240 mg/d for Zollinger-Ellison · 5 mg/d · 50 mg/d · 600 mg/d · No fixed ceiling; titrate to clinical effect and tolerability with CDC opioid prescribing guidance constraints on morphine-milligram-equivalent (MME) totals · No fixed maximum; titrated to TSH target · TID per eye · Titrated to glucose; no fixed ceiling · Titrated to glucose; no fixed maximum · '''20 mg/day in adults >60 years''' per FDA's 2011-2012 QT-prolongation warning; 40 mg/day in adults ≤60

Other values:

Search

IV (2) · Oral (7) · topical ophthalmic (1)

1-3 hours (slower onset than cetirizine; symptom relief somewhat less) (1) · 1–2 h (PO); immediate (IV) (1) · 30-60 minutes (2) · AF conversion within hours of single PO dose (1) · Bronchodilation within 1-2 hours; full controller effect 1-2 weeks (1) · Hours (1)

12 hours (1) · 24 hours (4) · 4-6 hours (1) · 6–12 h (tartrate); 24 h (succinate) (1)

2.7-5.5 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-0000015E-QINU`"' (1) · 3–7 h (1) · 8-10 hours (longer in elderly and renal impairment)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000396-QINU`"' (1) · Codeine 2.5-3.5 hours; acetaminophen 1-3 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00001517-QINU`"' (1) · ~12 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000D82-QINU`"' (1) · ~14 hours (adults); longer in elderly and renal impairment'"`UNIQ--ref-0000113F-QINU`"' (1) · ~8 hours (parent); ~28 hours (desloratadine, the active metabolite, marketed separately as Clarinex)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000621-QINU`"' (1)

Codeine ~60% (oral); acetaminophen 85-98%'"`UNIQ--ref-00001518-QINU`"' (1) · High (oral); not significantly affected by food'"`UNIQ--ref-00000397-QINU`"' (1) · High (oral; food prolongs absorption modestly)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000622-QINU`"' (1) · ~50% (1) · ~64% (oral; not significantly affected by food)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000015F-QINU`"' (1) · ~90% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00001140-QINU`"' (1) · ~90% (oral; not affected by food but reduced by divalent cations)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000D83-QINU`"' (1)

None (1) · '''Avoid in pregnancy where alternatives exist''' (animal cartilage toxicity).<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Category C (1) · Generally considered safe; pregnancy registries do not show increased major malformation risk.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Generally considered safe; widely used. Levocetirizine (the R-enantiomer) is an alternative with similar safety.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Generally considered safe; widely used. Loratadine and cetirizine are the most-recommended 2nd-gen H1s in pregnancy and lactation.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Use in fetal SVT (transplacental antiarrhythmic therapy) is established; otherwise weigh against alternatives.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1)

OTC in US (2) · Rx-only in US (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. '''Contraindicated in structural heart disease''' — CAST trial (1989) showed increased mortality from class IC agents in patients with prior MI; modern use is limited to structurally normal hearts'"`UNIQ--ref-00001141-QINU`"' (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. '''FDA Boxed Warning (2020):''' neuropsychiatric events including agitation, depression, sleep disturbance, and suicidal thoughts; benefit-risk should be reassessed regularly'"`UNIQ--ref-00000160-QINU`"'. (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. Carries the same fluoroquinolone-class '''Boxed Warnings''' as ciprofloxacin/levofloxacin'"`UNIQ--ref-00000D84-QINU`"' (1) · [[USLegal:Schedule III|Schedule III controlled substance]] in US. '''Contraindicated in children <12''' for any indication and in any age post-tonsillectomy/adenoidectomy (FDA 2017 black-box advisory)'"`UNIQ--ref-00001519-QINU`"' (1)