Drilldown: Medicines

Flecainide (1) · Metoprolol (1) · Moxifloxacin (1) · Valproate (valproic acid, divalproex sodium, sodium valproate) (1)

Avelox (oral/IV brand discontinued US); Vigamox, Moxeza (ophthalmic) (1) · Depakote, Depakote ER, Depakene, Depacon (IV) (1) · Lopressor (tartrate), Toprol XL (succinate) (1) · Tambocor (US brand discontinued) (1)

Beta Blocker (1) · Cardioselective (β1) (1) · [[:Category:Antiarrhythmics|Antiarrhythmic (Vaughan-Williams class IC)]] (1) · [[:Category:Antibacterials|Antibacterial]] (1) · [[:Category:Antiepileptics|Antiepileptic]] (1) · [[:Category:Fluoroquinolones|Fluoroquinolone antibiotic]] (1) · [[:Category:Migraine_prophylaxis|Migraine prophylaxis]] (1) · [[:Category:Mood_stabilizers|Mood stabilizer]] (1)

Cardioselective β1-adrenergic antagonist. Selectivity is dose-dependent and partially lost at higher doses. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000975-QINU`"' Hyperammonemic encephalopathy (consider in any unexplained CNS depression), thrombocytopenia, and polycystic ovary syndrome are characteristic chronic-use adverse effects beyond hepatic and pancreatic risks'"`UNIQ--ref-00000976-QINU`"'. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000D7A-QINU`"' Substantial QT-interval prolongation — the most QT-prolonging fluoroquinolone — limits use in patients on other QT-prolonging agents or with electrolyte abnormalities'"`UNIQ--ref-00000D7B-QINU`"'. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000113A-QINU`"' Concomitant β-blocker or CCB is required when used for AF to prevent 1:1 atrial flutter conduction (flecainide can slow atrial rate to a level where AV conduction allows dangerous ventricular rates). CYP2D6 substrate'"`UNIQ--ref-0000113B-QINU`"'. (1)

'"`UNIQ--vote-000004F5-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000004F6-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000004F7-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000004F8-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000004F9-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000977-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000978-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000979-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000097A-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000097B-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000D7C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000D7D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000D7E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000D7F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000D80-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000D81-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000113C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000113D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000113E-QINU`"' (1)

25–50 mg BID (tartrate); 25–100 mg daily (succinate); 12.5 mg daily in HFrEF (1) · 400 mg PO/IV once daily (1) · 50 mg PO BID; titrate to 100-200 mg BID; pill-in-pocket 200-300 mg PO single dose for AF conversion (1) · Seizures: 10-15 mg/kg/d divided BID-TID, titrate to therapeutic level (50-100 mcg/mL); bipolar mania: 750 mg/d divided, titrate (1)

125, 250, 500 mg delayed-release tablets (Depakote); 250, 500 mg ER tablets (Depakote ER); 125, 250 mg sprinkle capsules; 250 mg/5 mL syrup; 500 mg IV (Depacon) (1) · 400 mg tablets; 400 mg/250 mL IV; 0.5% ophthalmic solution (1) · 50, 100, 150 mg tablets (1) · Tartrate: 25, 50, 100 mg tabs; 1 mg/mL IV. Succinate ER: 25, 50, 100, 200 mg. (1)

None · Indication-specific · 40 mg/d · 10 mg/d · 20 mg/d · 80 mg/d · 10 mg/d (adults) · 100 mg/d · 4 g/d · 400 mg/d · 40 mg/d typical; up to 240 mg/d for Zollinger-Ellison · 5 mg/d · 50 mg/d · 600 mg/d · No fixed ceiling; titrate to clinical effect and tolerability with CDC opioid prescribing guidance constraints on morphine-milligram-equivalent (MME) totals · No fixed maximum; titrated to TSH target · TID per eye · Titrated to glucose; no fixed ceiling · Titrated to glucose; no fixed maximum · '''20 mg/day in adults >60 years''' per FDA's 2011-2012 QT-prolongation warning; 40 mg/day in adults ≤60

Other values:

Search

IV (3) · Oral (4) · rectal (off-label use of injection) (1) · topical ophthalmic (1)

1–2 h (PO); immediate (IV) (1) · AF conversion within hours of single PO dose (1) · Anticonvulsant effect within days; mood-stabilizing effect 1-3 weeks (1) · Hours (1)

12 hours (1) · 12 hours (IR); 24 hours (ER) (1) · 24 hours (1) · 6–12 h (tartrate); 24 h (succinate) (1)

3–7 h (1) · 9-16 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-0000097C-QINU`"' (1) · ~12 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000D82-QINU`"' (1) · ~14 hours (adults); longer in elderly and renal impairment'"`UNIQ--ref-0000113F-QINU`"' (1)

~100% (oral); highly (~90%) protein-bound, with non-linear binding above therapeutic levels (free fraction matters clinically in hypoalbuminemia)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000097D-QINU`"' (1) · ~50% (1) · ~90% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00001140-QINU`"' (1) · ~90% (oral; not affected by food but reduced by divalent cations)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000D83-QINU`"' (1)

'''Avoid in pregnancy where alternatives exist''' (animal cartilage toxicity).<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · '''Contraindicated for migraine prophylaxis in pregnancy; high teratogenic risk''' (neural tube defects, craniofacial anomalies, cardiac defects, cognitive/IQ impairment); avoid in women of childbearing potential without reliable contraception when alternatives exist'"`UNIQ--ref-0000097E-QINU`"' (1) · Category C (1) · Use in fetal SVT (transplacental antiarrhythmic therapy) is established; otherwise weigh against alternatives.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1)

Rx-only in US (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. '''Contraindicated in structural heart disease''' — CAST trial (1989) showed increased mortality from class IC agents in patients with prior MI; modern use is limited to structurally normal hearts'"`UNIQ--ref-00001141-QINU`"' (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. Carries '''Boxed Warnings''' for hepatotoxicity (especially children <2 with metabolic disorders), teratogenicity, and pancreatitis'"`UNIQ--ref-0000097F-QINU`"' (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. Carries the same fluoroquinolone-class '''Boxed Warnings''' as ciprofloxacin/levofloxacin'"`UNIQ--ref-00000D84-QINU`"' (1)