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Medicines > fda max: 300 mg/d typical practical limit (toxicity rises sharply above) & routes : IM or IV

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generic:
Hydralazine (1)
brand:
Apresoline (historical); mostly generic; combination with isosorbide dinitrate marketed as BiDil for self-identified Black patients with HFrEF (1)
classes:
[[:Category:Antihypertensives|Antihypertensive]] (1) · [[:Category:Direct_vasodilators|Direct arteriolar vasodilator]] (1)
mechanism:
None (1)
uses:
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000683-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000684-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000685-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000686-QINU`"' (1)
starting dose:
PO 10 mg QID; IV 5-10 mg every 20-30 minutes for hypertensive emergency (1)
preparations:
10, 25, 50, 100 mg tablets; 20 mg/mL IV (1)
fda max: (Click arrow to add another value)
routes: (Click arrow to add another value)
onset:
IV: 5-20 minutes; PO: 30-60 minutes (1)
duration:
IV: 1-4 hours; PO: 3-8 hours (1)
halflife:
3-7 hours (slow acetylators) vs 1-3 hours (rapid acetylators) via NAT2 polymorphism'"`UNIQ--ref-00000687-QINU`"' (1)
bioavailability:
~25-50% (oral; substantial first-pass via NAT2 acetylation, phenotype-dependent)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000688-QINU`"' (1)
pregnancy:
One of the historically preferred IV agents for severe hypertension in pregnancy alongside labetalol and nifedipine.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1)
legal:
[[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (1)

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