Drilldown: Medicines

None · Codeine · 1,4-Butanediol · 1B-LSD · 1cP-LSD · 1P-LSD · 1V-LSD · 2-AI · 2-FA · 2-FDCK · 2-FMA · 25B-NBOH · 25B-NBOMe · 25C-NBOH · 25C-NBOMe · 25I-NBOH · 25I-NBOMe · 25N-NBOMe · 2C-B · 2C-B-FLY

Other values:

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None (2) · (multiple, generic dominant) (1) · (none, never marketed) (1)

Analgesic (2) · Classic Psychedelic (1) · Designer benzodiazepine (1) · Opioid (2) · Phenethylamine (1) · Prodrug (1) · Research material (2) · Sedative-Hypnotic (1) · Triazolobenzodiazepine (1)

Mu-opioid receptor agonist; prodrug (metabolized to morphine) (1) · Positive allosteric modulator of the GABA_A receptor at the benzodiazepine binding site; increases frequency of Cl⁻ channel opening, producing anxiolytic, sedative, hypnotic, anticonvulsant, and skeletal-muscle relaxant effects. (1) · Potent 5-HT2A agonist (1) · Prodrug; converted to [[Morphine|morphine]] by [[Enzyme:CYP2D6|CYP2D6]] for analgesic action. (1)

None (2) · Mild to moderate pain; cough suppression (low-dose). (1) · No approved medical problem. Encountered as a designer/research benzodiazepine and, increasingly, as an adulterant in illicit opioid supplies. (1)

None (2) · Adult: 15–60 mg every 4 hours as needed. (1) · No medical dose. Active recreational doses reported in the 0.5–1.5 mg range (similar potency to alprazolam). (1)

None (2) · Illicit tablets ("bars"), powders, blotter, occasionally solutions. No pharmaceutical product exists. (1) · Tablet (15, 30, 60 mg); oral solution; combination products (with [[Acetaminophen|acetaminophen]] or ibuprofen). (1)

None (2) · 360 mg/day (1) · N/A (never approved) (1)

None (2) · intranasal; rectal and IV reported. (1) · Oral (1) · PO (only formulation marketed in the US). (1) · sublingual (1)

None (2) · 30–60 min (PO) (1) · ~20–40 min PO; faster sublingual/intranasal. (1)

None (2) · 4–6 hours (1) · 6–10 h subjective; full pharmacologic effect considerably longer. (1)

None (2) · 2.5–3 hours (1) · Estimated ~12–17 h (some sources cite up to ~21 h); active metabolites prolong effect. (1)

None (2) · Not formally characterized in humans. (1) · ~50% (variable, CYP2D6-dependent for analgesic effect). (1)

None (2) · Avoid. Benzodiazepines are associated with neonatal sedation, floppy-infant syndrome, and withdrawal; teratogenic signal weak but non-zero. Designer benzo with no safety data, assume worst-case. (1) · Avoid; risk of neonatal opioid withdrawal with chronic use; UM-mother breastfeeding contraindicated. (1)

None (3) · US Schedule II (single-entity); Schedule III–V (combination products by content). (1)