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Medicines > halflife : 1-1.3 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-000001A1-QINU`"' or ~12 hours or ~20 hours

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generic:
None (2) · Amoxicillin (1) · Duloxetine (1)
brand:
Amoxil, Trimox, Moxatag; mostly prescribed generically (1) · Belsomra (1) · Cymbalta, Drizalma Sprinkle, Irenka, Yentreve (1) · Wakix (1)
classes:
Antidepressant (1) · Anxiolytic (1) · Dual orexin receptor antagonist (DORA) (1) · Histamine H3 receptor inverse agonist / antagonist (1) · SNRI (1) · the first approved (1) · wake-promoting agent (1) · [[:Category:Aminopenicillins|Aminopenicillin]] (1) · [[:Category:Beta-lactam_antibiotics|β-lactam antibiotic]] (1) · [[:Category:Penicillins|Penicillin]] (1)
mechanism:
None (1) · Competitive antagonist at OX1R and OX2R. First-in-class DORA. Receptor dissociation slower than lemborexant or daridorexant. (1) · Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibition (balanced) (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000199-QINU`"' Extends ampicillin's spectrum with better oral bioavailability. Susceptible to β-lactamases; clavulanate co-administration restores activity against many resistant organisms'"`UNIQ--ref-0000019A-QINU`"'. (1)
uses:
Depression, anxiety, neuropathic pain, fibromyalgia, chronic musculoskeletal pain (1) · Excessive daytime sleepiness or cataplexy in adults with narcolepsy (FDA-approved August 2019) (1) · Insomnia (sleep onset and/or maintenance) in adults (FDA-approved August 2014). Also studied for insomnia in mild-moderate Alzheimer disease. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000019B-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000019C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000019D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000019E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000019F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000001A0-QINU`"' (1)
starting dose:
None (1) · 10 mg PO 30 min before bedtime (with ≥7 hours of sleep planned) (1) · 500 mg PO TID or 875 mg PO BID for most indications; 80-90 mg/kg/d divided BID in pediatric otitis media (1) · Week 1: 8.9 mg PO once daily in the morning. Week 2: 17.8 mg. Week 3+: 35.6 mg (max). Titrate as needed. (1)
preparations:
None (1) · 250 mg, 500 mg capsules; 500 mg, 875 mg tablets; 125, 200, 250, 400 mg/5 mL oral suspension; 775 mg ER; 50 mg/mL drops (1) · 4.45 mg, 17.8 mg tablets (1) · 5 mg, 10 mg, 15 mg, 20 mg tablets (1)
fda max:
None (1) · 20 mg/d (1) · 3 g/d typical; higher in severe infections under specialist guidance (1) · 35.6 mg/d (1)
routes:
Oral (4)
onset:
Mood: 2–4 weeks. Pain: often within 1–2 weeks. (1) · Peak plasma at 1-2 hours; clinical effect within 24-72 hours (1) · Wake-promoting effect over weeks of titration (1) · ~30 min (1)
duration:
Chronic daily dosing (1) · Daily morning dosing (1) · ~7-8 hours (1) · ~8 hours per dose (1)
halflife: (Click arrow to add another value)
bioavailability:
75-90% (oral; minimally affected by food)'"`UNIQ--ref-000001A2-QINU`"' (1) · Not formally established; oral once-daily adequate (1) · ~50% (highly variable) (1) · ~82% (1)
pregnancy:
Category C (1) · Generally considered safe; widely used in pregnancy and lactation.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Limited data; avoid (1) · Limited data; pitolisant may reduce hormonal contraceptive efficacy (1)
legal:
Rx, '''not a controlled substance''' (unique among wake-promoting agents) (1) · Rx, Schedule IV (US) (1) · Rx-only (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (1)
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