Drilldown: Medicines

Calcium (carbonate, citrate, gluconate, chloride salts) (1) · Furosemide (1)

Lasix (1) · Tums, Caltrate, Os-Cal, Citracal; many generics (1)

[[:Category:Antacids|Antacid (carbonate)]] (1) · [[:Category:Calcium_supplements|Calcium supplement]] (1) · [[:Category:Diuretics|Diuretic]] (1) · [[:Category:Electrolyte_replacements|Electrolyte replacement]] (1) · [[:Category:Loop_diuretics|Loop diuretic]] (1)

None (2)

'"`UNIQ--vote-0000021C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000021D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000021E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000021F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000220-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000221-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000012B7-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000012B8-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000012B9-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000012BA-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000012BB-QINU`"' (1)

20-40 mg PO/IV; titrate by clinical response. In diuretic-resistant heart failure or CKD, doses to 200 mg or higher may be needed (1) · Oral: 1000-1500 mg elemental calcium/day in divided doses for supplementation; IV gluconate 1 g (4.65 mEq) over 5-10 min for hyperkalemia or symptomatic hypocalcemia (1)

20, 40, 80 mg tablets; 10 mg/mL oral solution; 10 mg/mL IV (1) · Carbonate 200, 400, 500, 600 mg elemental tablets and chewables; citrate 200, 250, 315 mg elemental; gluconate 1 g (94 mg elemental, 4.65 mEq) IV; chloride 1 g (270 mg elemental, 13.6 mEq) IV (1)

600 mg/d typical practical ceiling in heart failure (1) · ~2500 mg elemental/d combined diet + supplements (chronic; UL) (1)

IM (1) · IV (1) · IV (gluconate or chloride for acute use) (1) · Oral (2)

Acute: minutes (IV); chronic: bone effect over months (1) · IV: 5 minutes; PO: 30-60 minutes (1)

IV: ~2 hours; PO: 6-8 hours (1) · Variable (1)

None · ~12 hours · ~27 days · ~5 h (caffeine) · '''Autoinduction''': 25-65 hours initially, falling to 12-17 hours after 2-3 weeks of dosing as carbamazepine induces its own CYP3A4 metabolism. Major clinical implication: doses require re-titration after the autoinduction period'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001D-QINU`"' · 0.5-1.5 hours (plasma); pharmacodynamic effect persists 24+ hours'"`UNIQ--ref-000000DE-QINU`"' · 1-1.3 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-000001A1-QINU`"' · 1-1.5 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000DE3-QINU`"' · 1-2 hours (parent compound)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000029-QINU`"' · 1-2 hours (parent); 18-30 hours for active metabolite oxypurinol'"`UNIQ--ref-0000030F-QINU`"' · 1-2 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000017-QINU`"' · 1-3 days acute, 4-6 days chronic; 4-16 days for norfluoxetine'"`UNIQ--ref-0000004C-QINU`"' · 1-3 hours (normal liver); markedly prolonged in overdose with glutathione depletion'"`UNIQ--ref-00000022-QINU`"' · 1-3 minutes (very short)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000C0F-QINU`"' · 1.4 hours (parent); 13-24 hours for active metabolite canrenone'"`UNIQ--ref-00000354-QINU`"' · 1.5-2 hours (longer in renal failure)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000222-QINU`"' · 1.5-2 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000020-QINU`"' · 10-11 hours (benazeprilat, the active metabolite)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000A22-QINU`"' · 11-13 h (immediate-release); 11-16 h (extended-release) · 11-15 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000842-QINU`"'

Other values:

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Carbonate ~30-40% (best with food and acid); citrate ~24% (absorbable without acid; preferred in achlorhydria, PPI use, post-bariatric) (1) · ~50% (oral; highly variable, 10-100%, hence the standard 1:2 IV-to-PO conversion)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000223-QINU`"' (1)

Avoid where possible; can reduce uteroplacental perfusion and produce neonatal electrolyte disturbance. Reserved for compelling indications.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Routinely supplemented in pregnancy; needs higher in pregnancy and lactation.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1)

OTC (oral supplements) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (IV) in US (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (1)