Drilldown: Medicines
Medicines > routes 
:
Topical ophthalmic or
vaginal
& legal:
[[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US
:
Topical ophthalmic or
vaginal
& legal:
[[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US Use the filters below to narrow your results.
generic:
brand:
Alphagan P (ophthalmic glaucoma), Mirvaso (topical rosacea) (1) ·
Estrace, Vivelle-Dot, Climara, Divigel, Evamist, Estring, Estraderm, Premarin (CEE, not strictly estradiol) (1) ·
Flagyl, Metrocream, Metrogel, Metrogel-Vaginal, Noritate (1) ·
Lumigan (glaucoma), Latisse (eyelash growth) (1) ·
Mycostatin, Nystop, Nyamyc, Bio-Statin (1) ·
Prometrium (oral), Endometrin (vaginal), Crinone (vaginal gel), Prochieve (1) ·
Trusopt; with timolol as Cosopt (1) ·
Xalatan, Xelpros (1)
classes:
[[:Category:Alpha-2_agonists|Alpha-2 adrenergic agonist]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Antibacterials|Antibacterial (anaerobic)]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Antifungals|Antifungal]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Antiprotozoals|Antiprotozoal]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Carbonic_anhydrase_inhibitors|Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (topical)]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Estrogens|Estrogen]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Glaucoma_medications|Glaucoma medication]] (4) ·
[[:Category:Hormone_replacement_therapy|Hormone replacement therapy]] (2) ·
[[:Category:Nitroimidazoles|Nitroimidazole antibiotic]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Ocular_hypotensive_agents|Ocular hypotensive agent]] (4) ·
[[:Category:Polyene_antifungals|Polyene antifungal]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Progestogens|Progestogen]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Prostaglandin_analogs|Prostaglandin F2α analog]] (2) ·
[[:Category:Sex_hormones|Sex hormone]] (2)
mechanism:
uses:
'"`UNIQ--vote-000003B5-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000003B6-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000003B7-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000003B8-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000003B9-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000415-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000416-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000722-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000723-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000724-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000725-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000B08-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000B09-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000BE3-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000BE4-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000BE5-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000BE6-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000BE7-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000BE8-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000BE9-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000BEA-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000D13-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000D14-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000D15-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000D16-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000D9E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000D9F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000DA0-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-000010CE-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000010CF-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000010D0-QINU`"' (1)
starting dose:
1 drop in affected eye(s) TID (monotherapy); BID with timolol (Cosopt) (1) ·
1 drop in the affected eye(s) once daily in the evening (1) ·
1 drop in the affected eye(s) once daily in the evening (Lumigan); Latisse applied to upper lash line at bedtime (1) ·
500 mg PO TID × 7-10 days (most indications); 2 g single dose for trichomoniasis; 500 mg IV q8h for severe anaerobic infection; rectal 1 g BID (1) ·
HRT cyclic: 200 mg PO HS days 1-12 of each month; continuous: 100 mg PO daily; ART luteal support 100 mg vaginal TID or 90 mg gel daily (1) ·
Ophthalmic 1 drop in affected eye(s) TID; topical Mirvaso 0.33% gel applied to face daily (1) ·
Oral 1-2 mg daily; transdermal patch 0.025-0.05 mg/d twice weekly; transdermal gel 0.5-1 g/d; vaginal 10 mcg tablet twice weekly for GSM. Always combine with a progestogen in patients with an intact uterus. (1) ·
Oral: 4-6 mL (400,000-600,000 units) suspension QID swish-and-swallow; topical: BID-QID; vaginal tablet 1 daily for 2 weeks (1)
preparations:
0.005% ophthalmic solution (50 mcg/mL); typical 2.5 mL bottle (1) ·
0.01%, 0.03% ophthalmic solution (1) ·
0.1%, 0.15%, 0.2% ophthalmic solutions; 0.33% topical gel; combinations with timolol (Combigan) and brinzolamide (Simbrinza) (1) ·
100,000 units/mL oral suspension; 500,000 unit tablets; 100,000 units/g cream, ointment, powder; vaginal tablets (1) ·
2% ophthalmic solution (Trusopt); 2%/0.5% fixed combination with timolol (Cosopt, Cosopt PF) (1) ·
250, 500 mg tablets; 750 mg ER; 500 mg/100 mL IV; 0.75-1% topical gel/cream; 0.75% vaginal gel; suppository (1) ·
Oral 0.5, 1, 2 mg tablets; transdermal patches (twice-weekly and once-weekly); 0.06% gel; 1.53 mg/spray topical; vaginal ring (Estring); vaginal tablet (Vagifem/Yuvafem); vaginal cream (1) ·
Oral 100, 200 mg capsules (peanut oil; check allergy); 100 mg vaginal insert (Endometrin); 4%, 8% vaginal gel (Crinone); IM 50 mg/mL (1)
fda max:
1 drop/eye/day (more frequent dosing reduces efficacy) (1) ·
Indication-dependent; 200-400 mg/d oral typical (1) ·
Indication-specific (1) ·
Indication-specific; lowest effective dose for shortest duration is the WHI-era standard (1) ·
One drop per eye per day (1) ·
TID per eye (2) ·
~4 g/d (severe systemic infection) (1)
routes: (Click arrow to add another value)
onset:
Hours (1) ·
IOP lowering at 1 hour; max at 2-3 hours (1) ·
IOP lowering at 2 hours; max at 4 hours (1) ·
IOP lowering at 3-4 hours; maximum at 8-12 hours (1) ·
IOP lowering at 4 hours, maximum at 8-12 hours; eyelash effect after 2 months (1) ·
Sedation/dizziness within hours of oral dose; endometrial effects over days (1) ·
Symptom relief within days (1) ·
Vasomotor relief 2-4 weeks; bone density gains over months (1)
duration:
halflife:
6-8 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000BEB-QINU`"' (1) ·
Not meaningfully described (not systemically absorbed)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000D17-QINU`"' (1) ·
~13-20 hours (oral); transdermal pharmacokinetics buffer the peaks/troughs of oral dosing'"`UNIQ--ref-000003BA-QINU`"' (1) ·
~17 minutes (free acid, the active form, in aqueous humor)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000417-QINU`"' (1) ·
~3 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-000010D1-QINU`"' (1) ·
~4 months in erythrocytes (carbonic anhydrase binding in red cells; not relevant to topical IOP duration)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000B0A-QINU`"' (1) ·
~45 minutes (free acid in aqueous humor)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000DA1-QINU`"' (1) ·
~5-20 hours (oral micronized; highly variable)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000726-QINU`"' (1)
bioavailability:
Essentially zero systemic absorption from oral or topical routes — the topical-action-only profile is the basis of its safety'"`UNIQ--ref-00000D18-QINU`"' (1) ·
Oral ~5% (extensive first-pass to estrone and conjugates); transdermal bypasses first-pass, giving more physiologic estradiol:estrone ratio'"`UNIQ--ref-000003BB-QINU`"' (1) ·
Oral: very low (extensive first-pass); micronization improves uptake somewhat. Vaginal: high local effect with lower systemic levels (first-uterine-pass concentration)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000727-QINU`"' (1) ·
Topical with measurable systemic absorption (small CA inhibition observed clinically with chronic use)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000B0B-QINU`"' (1) ·
Topical; clinically meaningful systemic absorption can produce systemic α2 effects (somnolence, hypotension), especially in children'"`UNIQ--ref-000010D2-QINU`"' (1) ·
Topical; minimal systemic absorption'"`UNIQ--ref-00000418-QINU`"' (1) ·
Topical; minimal systemic absorption'"`UNIQ--ref-00000DA2-QINU`"' (1) ·
~80% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000BEC-QINU`"' (1)
pregnancy:
None (1) ·
Contraindicated in pregnancy (use is not appropriate during gestation; class label X). Lactation considerations vary by indication.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Generally considered safe after the first trimester; first-trimester use weighed against indication.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Generally considered safe in pregnancy (no systemic absorption).<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Limited data.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Limited data; weigh against alternatives, though systemic exposure is low.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Limited data; weigh against alternatives.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (2)
legal: (Click arrow to add another value)
Showing below up to 8 results in range #1 to #8.