Drilldown: Medicines

Butalbital / Acetaminophen / Caffeine (1) · Butalbital / Aspirin / Caffeine (1) · Celecoxib (1) · Doxazosin (1) · Loperamide (1) · Naproxen (sodium; free acid) (1) · Pseudoephedrine (hydrochloride; sulfate) (1) · Tizanidine (1) · Tramadol / Acetaminophen (1)

Aleve (OTC), Naprosyn (Rx), Anaprox (Rx), Naprelan (ER), EC-Naprosyn (enteric-coated), Vimovo (with esomeprazole) (1) · Cardura, Cardura XL (1) · Celebrex (oral capsules), Elyxyb (oral solution, for acute migraine) (1) · Fioricet, Esgic; with codeine as Fioricet with Codeine (Schedule III) (1) · Fiorinal; with codeine as Fiorinal with Codeine (Schedule III) (1) · Imodium, Imodium A-D (1) · Sudafed (IR, 12-hour, 24-hour); many combination products including Claritin-D, Allegra-D, Zyrtec-D, Mucinex-D (1) · Ultracet, Tramacet (1) · Zanaflex (1)

None (1) · gut-restricted)]] (1) · selective COX-2)]] (1) · [[:Category:Alpha-1_blockers|Alpha-1 adrenergic blocker (non-selective)]] (1) · [[:Category:Alpha-2 adrenergic agonists|Alpha-2 adrenergic agonist]] (1) · [[:Category:Analgesics|Analgesic]] (2) · [[:Category:Antidiarrheals|Antidiarrheal]] (1) · [[:Category:Antihypertensives|Antihypertensive]] (1) · [[:Category:Antipyretics|Antipyretic]] (1) · [[:Category:Antispastics|Antispastic]] (1) · [[:Category:Barbiturates|Barbiturate (butalbital)]] (2) · [[:Category:BPH_treatments|Benign prostatic hyperplasia treatment]] (1) · [[:Category:Decongestants|Decongestant]] (1) · [[:Category:Fixed-dose_combinations|Fixed-dose combination]] (2) · [[:Category:Methylxanthines|Methylxanthine (caffeine)]] (2) · [[:Category:Non-opioid_analgesics|Non-opioid analgesic (acetaminophen)]] (1) · [[:Category:NSAIDs|Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID (1) · [[:Category:NSAIDs|Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID)]] (1) · [[:Category:NSAIDs|NSAID (aspirin)]] (1) · [[:Category:Opioid_receptor_agonists|Peripheral opioid receptor agonist (μ-selective (1) · [[:Category:Schedule_III_controlled_substances|Schedule III controlled substance]] (1) · [[:Category:Skeletal muscle relaxants|Skeletal muscle relaxant (centrally-acting)]] (1) · [[:Category:Sympathomimetics|Sympathomimetic (indirect-acting)]] (1)

None · 5-HT2A agonist · GABAA positive allosteric modulator · Monoamine releasing agent · CB1/CB2 agonist · Potent mu-opioid receptor agonist · Sodium channel blocker · Dopamine/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor · GABAA potentiator; NMDA antagonist · Phenothiazine D2 antagonist · Potent 5-HT2A agonist · 5-HT1B/1D agonist · LSD analogue; 5-HT2A agonist · Mu-opioid receptor agonist · Muscarinic receptor antagonist · Prodrug of LSD; 5-HT2A agonist · Selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor · GABAA positive allosteric modulator (non-benzodiazepine) · GABAA potentiator and direct activator · Irreversible non-selective MAO inhibitor

Other values:

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'"`UNIQ--vote-00000017-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000018-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000019-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001A-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000019-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001A-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001B-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001C-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000021-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000022-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000023-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000024-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000025-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000026-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000027-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000028-QINU`"' (2) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000AAD-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000AAE-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000AAF-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000FCF-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000FD0-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000FD1-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000152F-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000159D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000159E-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000015B6-QINU`"' (1)

1-2 capsules (50 mg butalbital / 325 mg acetaminophen / 40 mg caffeine each) PO every 4 hours as needed; maximum 6 capsules/d (1) · 1-2 capsules (50 mg butalbital / 325 mg aspirin / 40 mg caffeine each) PO every 4 hours as needed; maximum 6 capsules/d (1) · 2 mg PO every 6-8 hours; titrate by 2-4 mg per dose every 1-4 days; maximum single dose 16 mg, maximum daily dose 36 mg (1) · 2 tablets (75 mg tramadol / 650 mg acetaminophen) PO every 4-6 hours as needed; maximum 8 tablets/day for ≤5 days (1) · 4 mg PO initially, then 2 mg after each loose stool, '''not to exceed 16 mg/d''' (8 mg OTC); chronic-use lower (1) · IR 1 mg PO at bedtime, titrate weekly; XL 4-8 mg PO daily (1) · IR: 60 mg PO every 4-6 hours. 12-hour ER: 120 mg PO every 12 hours. 24-hour ER: 240 mg PO once daily. Pediatric: weight-based (1) · Osteoarthritis: 200 mg PO once daily or 100 mg BID. Rheumatoid arthritis: 100-200 mg PO BID. Acute pain: 400 mg loading, then 200 mg every 12 hours (1) · OTC: 220 mg PO every 8-12 hours, max 660 mg/24h. Rx: 250-500 mg PO BID. Acute gout: 750 mg loading then 250 mg every 8 hours (1)

1, 2, 4, 8 mg IR tablets; 4, 8 mg XL tablets (1) · 2 mg capsules and tablets; 1 mg/5 mL oral solution; combined with simethicone (Imodium Multi-Symptom) (1) · 50/325/40 mg capsules (1) · 50/325/40 mg capsules and tablets; oral solution (1) · Capsules 50, 100, 200, 400 mg; Elyxyb oral solution 25 mg/mL (1) · IR tablets 30, 60 mg; 12-hour ER tablets 120 mg; 24-hour ER tablets 240 mg; oral liquid; multiple combination products with antihistamines, NSAIDs, or expectorants (1) · OTC tablets 220 mg; Rx tablets 250, 375, 500 mg; ER tablets 375, 500, 750 mg (Naprelan); oral suspension 125 mg/5 mL; enteric-coated tablets (EC-Naprosyn) (1) · Tablets 2, 4 mg; capsules 2, 4, 6 mg ('''capsules and tablets are not bioequivalent''': capsules slower with food; tablets faster on empty stomach) (1) · Tramadol/acetaminophen 37.5/325 mg tablets (1)

1500 mg/day (Rx); 660 mg/24h (OTC, without provider direction) (1) · 16 mg/d (8 mg/d OTC) (1) · 16 mg/d (IR); 8 mg/d (XL) (1) · 240 mg/day (1) · 36 mg/day in three divided doses; single dose maximum 16 mg (1) · 400 mg/day for chronic indications; higher for short-term acute pain (1) · 6 capsules/d (300 mg butalbital, 1950 mg acetaminophen, 240 mg caffeine) (1) · 6 capsules/d (300 mg butalbital, 1950 mg aspirin, 240 mg caffeine) (1) · 8 tablets/d (300 mg tramadol / 2600 mg acetaminophen); 5-day duration limit per label (1)

Oral (9)

None · Hours · 30-60 minutes · 1-2 hours · ~30 min · LDL lowering at 2 weeks, max by 4 weeks · ~1 hour · 15-30 minutes · 15–30 min · 1–2 h · 30–60 min · Antidepressant effect emerges over 1-2 weeks · BP and symptomatic LUTS improvement within 1-2 weeks · BP effect within 1-2 weeks · Clinical improvement within 24-72 hours · Days · Motor improvement over days at therapeutic dose · Over weeks · Postprandial glucose effect within days; HbA1c by 12 weeks · Sleep effect from first dose; antidepressant effect over 1-4 weeks

Other values:

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12-24 hours (1) · 24 hours (1) · 3-6 hours per dose (1) · 4-6 hours (3) · 4-6 hours (IR); 12-24 hours (ER) (1) · 8-12 hours (1) · 8-12 hours (the long-duration feature relative to ibuprofen) (1)

12-17 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000029-QINU`"' (1) · 2.5 hours (short, requires TID-QID dosing)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001D-QINU`"' (1) · 9-16 hours (pH-dependent: acidic urine shortens, alkaline urine substantially extends)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001B-QINU`"' (1) · Butalbital ~35 hours (long; cumulative effects with frequent use); acetaminophen 1-3 hours; caffeine 3-7 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-0000159F-QINU`"' (1) · Butalbital ~35 hours; aspirin (acetyl group) ~15 minutes, salicylate 2-3 hours; caffeine 3-7 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-000015B7-QINU`"' (1) · Tramadol ~5-7 hours (M1 metabolite ~9 hours); acetaminophen 1-3 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00001530-QINU`"' (1) · ~11 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000029-QINU`"' (1) · ~22 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000AB0-QINU`"' (1) · ~9-14 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000FD2-QINU`"' (1)

Butalbital well-absorbed; aspirin 50-75%; caffeine ~100%'"`UNIQ--ref-000015B8-QINU`"' (1) · Butalbital well-absorbed; caffeine ~100%; acetaminophen 85-98%'"`UNIQ--ref-000015A0-QINU`"' (1) · Tramadol ~75% (oral); acetaminophen 85-98%'"`UNIQ--ref-00001531-QINU`"' (1) · ~0.3% (oral; extensive first-pass via CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein-mediated efflux at the intestinal and blood-brain barriers limit systemic and CNS exposure at therapeutic doses)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000FD3-QINU`"' (1) · ~40% (oral); food and formulation substantially alter the absorption profile'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001E-QINU`"' (1) · ~65% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000AB1-QINU`"' (1) · ~90% (oral, low first-pass)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001C-QINU`"' (1) · ~95% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000002A-QINU`"' (1) · ~99% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000002A-QINU`"' (1)

Avoid from 20 weeks gestation onward per FDA's 2020 expanded NSAID warning (fetal renal dysfunction, oligohydramnios); contraindicated from 30 weeks (risk of premature ductus arteriosus closure)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000002B-QINU`"' (2) · Avoid; neonatal opioid withdrawal documented.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Avoided; barbiturate + aspirin teratogenicity and bleeding concerns.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Generally avoided; barbiturate exposure in late pregnancy can produce neonatal withdrawal and respiratory depression.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Generally considered acceptable when needed.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Limited data; rarely indicated in pregnancy.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Limited human data.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Some controversial signal for first-trimester gastroschisis association in observational studies; limited use is generally considered acceptable after the first trimester.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1)

None (1) · '''[[USLegal:Behind-the-counter|Behind-the-counter]] in US''' under the Combat Methamphetamine Epidemic Act 2005: purchase restricted to ≤3.6 g/day and ≤9 g/30 days, with photo ID, logbook signature, and quantity logging required. Several states schedule higher than federal (1) · OTC in US (1) · [[USLegal:Over-the-counter|OTC]] in US at ≤220 mg/tablet and ≤660 mg/day; [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] at higher strengths (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (2) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. Not a controlled substance, distinguishing it from carisoprodol among muscle-spasm options'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001F-QINU`"' (1) · [[USLegal:Schedule III|Schedule III controlled substance]] in US (Fiorinal is scheduled federally; Fioricet with acetaminophen is unscheduled federally despite identical butalbital content, a regulatory quirk) (1) · [[USLegal:Schedule IV|Schedule IV controlled substance]] in US (tramadol was reclassified from non-controlled to Schedule IV in 2014 after recognition of dependence risk) (1)