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Medicines > mechanism: None & routes : IV or topical

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generic:
brand:
classes:
[[:Category:Corticosteroids|Corticosteroid]] (6) · [[:Category:Antibacterials|Antibacterial]] (5) · [[:Category:Antihypertensives|Antihypertensive]] (3) · [[:Category:Glucocorticoids|Glucocorticoid]] (3) · [[:Category:Immunosuppressants|Immunosuppressant]] (3) · [[:Category:Vitamins|Vitamin]] (3) · [[:Category:Antianginals|Antianginal]] (2) · [[:Category:Antiemetics|Antiemetic]] (2) · [[:Category:Antineoplastics|Antineoplastic]] (2) · [[:Category:B-vitamins|B-vitamin]] (2) · [[:Category:Fluoroquinolones|Fluoroquinolone antibiotic]] (2) · [[:Category:Hematinics|Hematinic]] (2) · [[:Category:Inhaled_corticosteroids|Inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)]] (2) · [[:Category:Loop_diuretics|Loop diuretic]] (2) · [[:Category:Macrolide_antibiotics|Macrolide antibiotic]] (2) · [[:Category:NSAIDs|Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID)]] (2)
mechanism: (Click arrow to add another value)
uses:
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000001B-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001F-QINU`"' (3)
starting dose:
preparations:
fda max:
Indication-specific (3) · 40 mg/d (2)
routes: (Click arrow to add another value)
onset:
Hours (9) · Clinical improvement within 24-72 hours (2)
duration:
12 hours (1) · 12-24 hours (1) · 12-24 hours per dose (1) · 24 hours (5) · 24 hours (HS dosing) (1) · 24-72 hours (1) · 3-5 hours (1) · 30-90 minutes (infiltration without epinephrine); 90-200 minutes (with epinephrine); 12 hours (patch) (1) · 4-12 hours (1) · 4-6 hours (4) · 4-8 hours typical; longer at high doses; residual cognitive and perceptual effects up to 48 hours (1) · 6-12 hours systemic (1) · 6-24 hours (parent); much longer when accounting for the long-lived active metabolites (1) · 6-8 hours (2) · 6-8 hours (IR oral); 12-24 hours (ER) (1) · 8 hours per oral dose (1) · 8-12 hours (3) · Analgesic effect 4-8 hours (much shorter than half-life would suggest, due to receptor kinetics); MOUD effect (opioid withdrawal suppression) 24-36 hours per single daily dose (1) · Biologic 36-72 hours (long-acting) (1) · Biologic ~8-12 hours (short-acting) (1) · Dosing-frequency dependent (1) · Hours (1) · Hours per application (2) · Hours per dose (much shorter biologic effect than ergocalciferol/cholecalciferol because it is the already-active form, not the storage form) (1) · Hours per topical application (1) · Hours to days per application (1) · Intra-articular 3-6 months (depot effect of acetonide microcrystals) (1) · IR: 6-8 hours; ER: 24 hours (1) · IV: 1-4 hours; PO: 3-8 hours (1) · IV: ~2 hours; PO: 6-8 hours (1) · N/A (2) · N/A (replacement) (2) · Once-weekly dosing in rheumatology (1) · Persistent activity 6+ hours (residual binding to skin and oral surfaces) (1) · SL: 30 minutes; patch: 12-14 hours; IV continuous (1) · Tissue half-life supports once-daily and post-treatment effect (1) · Variable (1) · Variable; depends on ongoing losses (1) · Weeks after discontinuation (extremely long half-life) (1)
halflife:
bioavailability:
pregnancy:
None (6)
legal:
None (2) · OTC (intranasal Flonase) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (inhaled, topical) in US (1) · OTC (low-dose topicals) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (other forms) in US (1) · OTC (low-dose) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (1 mg, injectable) in US (1) · OTC (low/mid-dose oral) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (injection, intranasal) in US (1) · OTC (lower strengths) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (combination with betamethasone) in US (1) · OTC (lower-concentration washes) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (Peridex oral rinse, ChloraPrep) in US (1) · OTC (lowest-strength topicals) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (higher strengths, injectable) in US (1) · OTC (most dentifrice and rinse) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (high-concentration paste/gel, supplements) in US (1) · OTC (Nasonex 24HR) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (other forms) in US (1) · OTC (ophthalmic ointment) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (other forms) in US (1) · OTC (topical) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (oral) in US (1) · OTC and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (IV, combination products) in US (1) · OTC in US (1) · [[USLegal:DEA Schedule II|Schedule II]] controlled substance in US (rescheduled from Schedule III in 1978). No accepted medical use. UN Convention on Psychotropic Substances Schedule II internationally.'"`UNIQ--ref-00000067-QINU`"' (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (higher concentrations and IV) and OTC (low-dose supplements) in US (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] for most formulations; some low-concentration topical formulations are [[USLegal:Over-the-counter|OTC]] (4% cream) (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] for oral and most topical formulations in US; Voltaren Arthritis Pain 1% gel switched to [[USLegal:Over-the-counter|OTC]] in 2020 (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (24) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (the veterinary preparations are not for human use) (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US since 2020 (OTC 2% formulations withdrawn under CARES Act due to safety concerns) (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. Carries '''Boxed Warning''' for risk of malignancy and serious infection; nephrotoxicity, hypertension, and immunosuppression-associated complications'"`UNIQ--ref-00000A93-QINU`"' (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. Carries '''Boxed Warnings''' for pulmonary toxicity (interstitial pneumonitis, fibrosis), hepatotoxicity, and proarrhythmia'"`UNIQ--ref-00000CB5-QINU`"' (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. Carries a '''Boxed Warning''' for '''tardive dyskinesia''' (irreversible movement disorder), driving the 12-week chronic-use limit'"`UNIQ--ref-00000EFB-QINU`"' (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. Carries a '''Boxed Warning''' for Clostridioides difficile colitis (one of the most C. difficile-inducing antibiotic classes)'"`UNIQ--ref-00001444-QINU`"' (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. Carries the antidepressant '''Boxed Warning''' for suicidality in children, adolescents, and young adults'"`UNIQ--ref-00000022-QINU`"' (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. Carries the same fluoroquinolone-class '''Boxed Warnings''' as ciprofloxacin: tendinitis/tendon rupture (especially elderly, corticosteroid co-use), peripheral neuropathy, CNS effects, worsening of myasthenia gravis'"`UNIQ--ref-00000CF7-QINU`"' (1) · [[USLegal:Schedule IV|Schedule IV controlled substance]] in US. Carries the benzodiazepine class '''Boxed Warning''' for risk of fatal respiratory depression, coma, and death when combined with opioids'"`UNIQ--ref-00000028-QINU`"' (1)

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