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Drilldown: Medicines

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Medicines > mechanism: None & routes: Oral

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generic:
None (8)
brand:
classes:
[[:Category:Analgesics|Analgesic]] (11) · [[:Category:Anticonvulsants|Anticonvulsant]] (9) · [[:Category:Antihypertensives|Antihypertensive]] (9) · [[:Category:Antidepressants|Antidepressant]] (8) · [[:Category:Anxiolytics|Anxiolytic]] (7) · [[:Category:Lipid-lowering_agents|Lipid-lowering agent]] (6) · [[:Category:Antibacterials|Antibacterial]] (5) · [[:Category:Antihyperglycemic_agents|Antihyperglycemic agent]] (5) · [[:Category:Mood stabilizers|Mood stabilizer]] (5) · [[:Category:Schedule IV controlled substances|Schedule IV controlled substance]] (5) · [[:Category:Vitamins|Vitamin]] (5) · [[:Category:Antipyretics|Antipyretic]] (4) · [[:Category:Beta-lactam_antibiotics|β-lactam antibiotic]] (4) · [[:Category:BPH_treatments|Benign prostatic hyperplasia treatment]] (4) · [[:Category:Immunosuppressants|Immunosuppressant]] (4) · [[:Category:Skeletal muscle relaxants|Skeletal muscle relaxant (centrally-acting)]] (4) · [[:Category:Sodium channel blockers|Sodium channel blocker]] (4)
mechanism: (Click arrow to add another value)
uses:
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000001F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000020-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000021-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000022-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000023-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000024-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000025-QINU`"' (10) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000017-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000018-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000019-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001A-QINU`"' (5) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000019-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001A-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001B-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001C-QINU`"' (5) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000020-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000021-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000022-QINU`"' (5) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000017-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000018-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000019-QINU`"' (4) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000021-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000022-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000023-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000024-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000025-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000026-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000027-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000028-QINU`"' (4) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001B-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001F-QINU`"' (3) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000013-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000014-QINU`"' (2)
starting dose:
preparations:
fda max:
40 mg/d (4) · Indication-specific (3) · 10 mg/d (2) · 4 g/d (2) · 5 mg/d (2) · 50 mg/d (2) · No fixed ceiling; titrate to clinical effect and tolerability with CDC opioid prescribing guidance constraints on morphine-milligram-equivalent (MME) totals (2)
routes: (Click arrow to add another value)
onset:
Hours (13) · 30-60 minutes (8) · Antidepressant effect emerges over 1-2 weeks (2) · Clinical improvement within 24-72 hours (2) · LDL lowering at 2 weeks, max by 4 weeks (2) · Motor improvement over days at therapeutic dose (2) · Sleep effect from first dose; antidepressant effect over 1-4 weeks (2)
duration:
24 hours (21) · 4-6 hours (9) · 6-8 hours (6) · 12 hours (4) · 8-12 hours (4) · Daily dosing (4) · 12-24 hours (3) · 24 hours (HS dosing) (3) · Hours (3) · N/A (replacement) (3) · 24 hours (once-daily dosing) (2) · 4-6 hours (IR); 24 hours (ER) (2) · BID dosing (IR); once-daily (XR) (2) · Variable (2)
halflife:
bioavailability:
~100% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001C-QINU`"' (2)
pregnancy:
None (6) · Limited human data.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (6) · Limited data.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (4) · Avoid from 20 weeks gestation onward per FDA's 2020 expanded NSAID warning (fetal renal dysfunction, oligohydramnios); contraindicated from 30 weeks (risk of premature ductus arteriosus closure)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000002B-QINU`"' (3) · Chronic third-trimester exposure produces neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome and respiratory depression at delivery.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (3) · Avoid in second and third trimesters; fetal SGLT2 inhibition disrupts kidney development.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (2) · Generally considered safe in pregnancy.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (2) · Generally considered safe.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (2) · Generally considered safe; widely used.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (2) · Limited data; avoid (2) · Limited data; switch to insulin where feasible.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (2) · Limited data; weigh benefits/risks (2) · Limited human data; rarely indicated in pregnancy given the patient population.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (2) · Previously Category X; FDA removed the blanket statin contraindication in pregnancy in 2021.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (2)
legal:
[[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (63) · None (8) · OTC in US (5) · Rx (5) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. Carries the antidepressant '''Boxed Warning''' for suicidality in children, adolescents, and young adults'"`UNIQ--ref-00000025-QINU`"' (2) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. Carries the antidepressant '''Boxed Warning''' for suicidality in children, adolescents, and young adults'"`UNIQ--ref-00000028-QINU`"' (2) · [[USLegal:Schedule IV|Schedule IV controlled substance]] in US. Carries the benzodiazepine class '''Boxed Warning''' for risk of fatal respiratory depression, coma, and death when combined with opioids'"`UNIQ--ref-00000028-QINU`"' (2)

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