Drilldown: Medicines
Medicines > onset 
:
1–2 h or
1–2 weeks for muscle effects; preventive migraine benefit accrues over 12-week cycles or
Clinical improvement within 24-72 hours
:
1–2 h or
1–2 weeks for muscle effects; preventive migraine benefit accrues over 12-week cycles or
Clinical improvement within 24-72 hours Use the filters below to narrow your results.
generic:
brand:
classes:
Beta Blocker (2) ·
Cardioselective (β1) (1) ·
Cardioselective (β1) + vasodilator (1) ·
neuromuscular blocker (presynaptic) (1) ·
Neurotoxin (1) ·
[[:Category:Antifungals|Antifungal (triazole)]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Azalides|Azalide]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Macrolide_antibiotics|Macrolide antibiotic]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Triazoles|Triazole]] (1)
mechanism:
None (2) ·
Cleaves SNAP-25 protein in presynaptic motor and autonomic nerve terminals, blocking acetylcholine release; in chronic migraine, hypothesized to inhibit peripheral sensitization of trigeminovascular nociceptors (1) ·
Highly β1-selective adrenergic antagonist. Greater selectivity than metoprolol or atenolol. (1) ·
The d-enantiomer is a highly β1-selective antagonist; the l-enantiomer triggers endothelial nitric-oxide–mediated vasodilation. Unique among beta blockers for this NO mechanism. (1)
uses:
Chronic migraine (≥15 headache days/month), cervical dystonia, blepharospasm, hyperhidrosis, overactive bladder, urinary incontinence, strabismus, spasticity, cosmetic problems (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-000003F6-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000003F7-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000003F8-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000003F9-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000003FA-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000003FB-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000059D-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000636-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000637-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000638-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000A42-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000A43-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000A44-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000A45-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000A46-QINU`"' (1)
starting dose:
2.5–5 mg daily (HTN); 1.25 mg daily (HFrEF, slow titration) (1) ·
5 mg daily (1) ·
500 mg PO day 1, then 250 mg PO daily days 2-5 (Z-Pak); 1 g PO single dose for chlamydia; pediatric dosing 10 mg/kg day 1, 5 mg/kg days 2-5 (1) ·
Chronic migraine (PREEMPT protocol): 155 units divided across 31 sites in 7 head/neck muscle groups every 12 weeks (1) ·
Vulvovaginal: 150 mg PO single dose; oropharyngeal: 200 mg PO day 1, then 100 mg daily ×14 days; invasive candidiasis: 800 mg load, then 400 mg PO/IV daily; cryptococcal meningitis: 400-800 mg/d (1)
preparations:
2.5, 5, 10, 20 mg tabs (1) ·
250 mg, 500 mg, 600 mg tablets; 100, 200 mg/5 mL suspension; 2 g ER suspension (Zmax); 500 mg IV (1) ·
5, 10 mg tabs (1) ·
50, 100, 150, 200 mg tablets; 10, 40 mg/mL oral suspension; 2 mg/mL IV (1) ·
50, 100, or 200 unit vials of lyophilized powder for reconstitution (1)
fda max:
onset: (Click arrow to add another value)
duration:
halflife:
9–12 h (1) ·
Tissue half-life not formally measured; clinical effect ~12 weeks (1) ·
~10 h (CYP2D6 extensive metabolizers); up to 31 h (poor metabolizers) (1) ·
~30 hours (long, supports once-daily dosing and substantial drug-interaction window after discontinuation)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000A47-QINU`"' (1) ·
~68 hours (terminal; reflects deep tissue accumulation, much longer than plasma)'"`UNIQ--ref-000003FC-QINU`"' (1)
bioavailability:
>90% (oral; not affected by food or gastric pH — a major practical advantage over itraconazole)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000A48-QINU`"' (1) ·
Local (intramuscular) (1) ·
~12% (extensive metabolizers); ~96% (poor metabolizers) (1) ·
~37% (oral; food reduces absorption modestly)'"`UNIQ--ref-000003FD-QINU`"' (1) ·
~90% (low first-pass) (1)
pregnancy:
Showing below up to 5 results in range #1 to #5.