Drilldown: Medicines

Acetaminophen (paracetamol, APAP) (1) · Bisoprolol (1) · Linagliptin (1) · Nebivolol (1) · Sitagliptin (1)

Bystolic (1) · Januvia; with metformin Janumet/Janumet XR (1) · Tradjenta; with metformin Jentadueto (1) · Tylenol, Panadol (international), Ofirmev (IV); huge OTC presence (1) · Zebeta (1)

Beta Blocker (2) · Cardioselective (β1) (1) · Cardioselective (β1) + vasodilator (1) · [[:Category:Analgesics|Non-opioid analgesic]] (1) · [[:Category:Antihyperglycemic_agents|Antihyperglycemic agent]] (2) · [[:Category:Antipyretics|Antipyretic]] (1) · [[:Category:DPP-4_inhibitors|DPP-4 inhibitor]] (2) · [[:Category:Incretin_modulators|Incretin pathway modulator]] (2)

None (2) · Highly β1-selective adrenergic antagonist. Greater selectivity than metoprolol or atenolol. (1) · The d-enantiomer is a highly β1-selective antagonist; the l-enantiomer triggers endothelial nitric-oxide–mediated vasodilation. Unique among beta blockers for this NO mechanism. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000762-QINU`"' Largely renally cleared, hence the eGFR-tiered dosing. Rare but well-documented signals: acute pancreatitis (uncertain causal contribution), severe joint pain, and bullous pemphigoid (class effect, especially in older Asian patients)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000763-QINU`"'. (1)

'"`UNIQ--vote-0000001F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000020-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000021-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000059D-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000636-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000637-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000638-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000764-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000117B-QINU`"' (1)

100 mg PO once daily (50 mg if CrCl 30-44; 25 mg if <30 or dialysis) (1) · 2.5–5 mg daily (HTN); 1.25 mg daily (HFrEF, slow titration) (1) · 325-1000 mg PO every 4-6 hours as needed; maximum 4 g/d in healthy adults, 3 g/d in regular users or hepatic risk; pediatric 10-15 mg/kg every 4-6 hours (1) · 5 mg daily (1) · 5 mg PO once daily (no renal dose adjustment, unlike sitagliptin) (1)

2.5, 5, 10, 20 mg tabs (1) · 25, 50, 100 mg tablets; combination tablets with metformin (1) · 325, 500, 650 mg tablets; 80, 160 mg chewables; 160 mg/5 mL pediatric liquid; 325 mg suppository; 1000 mg/100 mL IV (Ofirmev); fixed-dose combinations with opioids, decongestants, antihistamines (1) · 5 mg tablets; combination with metformin (1) · 5, 10 mg tabs (1)

100 mg/d (1) · 20 mg/d (1) · 4 g/d in healthy adults; 3 g/d conservative limit; 2 g/d in cirrhosis or chronic alcohol use (1) · 40 mg/d (1) · 5 mg/d (1)

IV (1) · Oral (5) · rectal (1)

None · Hours · 30-60 minutes · 1-2 hours · ~30 min · LDL lowering at 2 weeks, max by 4 weeks · ~1 hour · 15-30 minutes · 15–30 min · 1–2 h · 30–60 min · Antidepressant effect emerges over 1-2 weeks · BP and symptomatic LUTS improvement within 1-2 weeks · BP effect within 1-2 weeks · Clinical improvement within 24-72 hours · Days · Motor improvement over days at therapeutic dose · Over weeks · Postprandial glucose effect within days; HbA1c by 12 weeks · Sleep effect from first dose; antidepressant effect over 1-4 weeks

Other values:

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24 h (2) · 24 hours (2) · 4-6 hours (1)

1-3 hours (normal liver); markedly prolonged in overdose with glutathione depletion'"`UNIQ--ref-00000022-QINU`"' (1) · 9–12 h (1) · ~10 h (CYP2D6 extensive metabolizers); up to 31 h (poor metabolizers) (1) · ~12 hours (effective); terminal much longer'"`UNIQ--ref-0000117C-QINU`"' (1) · ~12.4 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000765-QINU`"' (1)

~12% (extensive metabolizers); ~96% (poor metabolizers) (1) · ~30% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000117D-QINU`"' (1) · ~85-98% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000023-QINU`"' (1) · ~87% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000766-QINU`"' (1) · ~90% (low first-pass) (1)

Category C (2) · Limited data; switch to insulin where feasible.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (2) · Long the preferred analgesic-antipyretic in pregnancy; recent observational studies have raised speculative neurodevelopmental signals that remain under investigation.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1)

OTC and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (IV, combination products) in US (1) · Rx-only in US (2) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (2)