Drilldown: Medicines

Azithromycin (1) · Fexofenadine (1) · Fluconazole (1) · Glimepiride (1) · Insulin detemir (1) · Insulin glargine (1) · Spironolactone (1)

Aldactone, CaroSpir (1) · Allegra, Allegra Allergy 24 Hour, Mucinex Allergy (combo) — all now OTC in US (1) · Amaryl (1) · Diflucan (1) · Lantus, Basaglar, Semglee, Toujeo (U-300) (1) · Levemir, Levemir FlexTouch (US discontinuation announced 2024) (1) · Zithromax, Z-Pak, Zmax (1)

[[:Category:Aldosterone_antagonists|Mineralocorticoid (aldosterone) receptor antagonist]] (1) · [[:Category:Antiandrogens|Antiandrogen]] (1) · [[:Category:Antifungals|Antifungal (triazole)]] (1) · [[:Category:Antihistamines|Antihistamine]] (1) · [[:Category:Antihyperglycemic_agents|Antihyperglycemic agent]] (1) · [[:Category:Azalides|Azalide]] (1) · [[:Category:Basal_insulins|Basal insulin]] (2) · [[:Category:H1_receptor_antagonists|Histamine H1 receptor antagonist (second-generation)]] (1) · [[:Category:Insulins|Insulin]] (2) · [[:Category:Insulin_secretagogues|Insulin secretagogue]] (1) · [[:Category:Long-acting_insulins|Long-acting insulin analog]] (2) · [[:Category:Macrolide_antibiotics|Macrolide antibiotic]] (1) · [[:Category:Potassium-sparing_diuretics|Potassium-sparing diuretic]] (1) · [[:Category:Sulfonylureas|Sulfonylurea (third-generation)]] (1) · [[:Category:Triazoles|Triazole]] (1)

None (5) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000237-QINU`"' Binds the same insulin receptor as endogenous insulin with comparable mitogenic-to-metabolic ratio; provides basal hepatic glucose suppression and peripheral glucose uptake without prandial peaks'"`UNIQ--ref-00000238-QINU`"'. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000CC9-QINU`"' Mostly excreted unchanged in feces and urine; P-glycoprotein substrate (the basis of the fruit-juice interaction). (1)

'"`UNIQ--vote-00000239-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000023A-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000034F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000350-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000351-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000352-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000353-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000003F6-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000003F7-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000003F8-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000003F9-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000003FA-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000003FB-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000491-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000A42-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000A43-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000A44-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000A45-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000A46-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000CCA-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000CCB-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00001372-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001373-QINU`"' (1)

1-2 mg PO once daily with breakfast; titrate by glycemic response (1) · 25 mg PO once daily for HFrEF and primary aldosteronism; up to 100 mg/d for ascites; 50-200 mg/d for hirsutism (1) · 500 mg PO day 1, then 250 mg PO daily days 2-5 (Z-Pak); 1 g PO single dose for chlamydia; pediatric dosing 10 mg/kg day 1, 5 mg/kg days 2-5 (1) · 60 mg PO BID or 180 mg PO once daily (1) · Vulvovaginal: 150 mg PO single dose; oropharyngeal: 200 mg PO day 1, then 100 mg daily ×14 days; invasive candidiasis: 800 mg load, then 400 mg PO/IV daily; cryptococcal meningitis: 400-800 mg/d (1) · ~10 units SC at the same time daily, or 0.1-0.2 units/kg/d; titrate by fasting glucose (1) · ~10 units SC at the same time daily, or 0.1-0.2 units/kg/d; titrate by fasting glucose. Frequently dosed BID at moderate-to-high doses (1)

1 mg, 2 mg, 4 mg tablets (1) · 100 U/mL (Lantus, Basaglar, Semglee) vials and pens; 300 U/mL (Toujeo) pens (1) · 100 U/mL FlexTouch pen, vial (1) · 25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg tablets; 25 mg/5 mL oral suspension (CaroSpir) (1) · 250 mg, 500 mg, 600 mg tablets; 100, 200 mg/5 mL suspension; 2 g ER suspension (Zmax); 500 mg IV (1) · 30, 60, 180 mg tablets; 30 mg ODT; 6 mg/mL oral suspension; all OTC (1) · 50, 100, 150, 200 mg tablets; 10, 40 mg/mL oral suspension; 2 mg/mL IV (1)

180 mg/d (adults) (1) · 400 mg/d (acute primary aldosteronism diagnosis); 100-200 mg/d typical chronic (1) · 500 mg/d (typical regimen); single 2 g for Zmax; 2 g for select STIs (1) · 8 mg/d (1) · 800 mg/d (severe invasive disease) (1) · Titrated to glucose (1) · Titrated to glucose; no fixed ceiling (1)

IV (2) · Oral (5) · Subcutaneous (1) · Subcutaneous (never IV; not for use in insulin pumps) (1)

None · Hours · 30-60 minutes · 1-2 hours · ~30 min · LDL lowering at 2 weeks, max by 4 weeks · ~1 hour · 15-30 minutes · 15–30 min · 1–2 h · 30–60 min · Antidepressant effect emerges over 1-2 weeks · BP and symptomatic LUTS improvement within 1-2 weeks · BP effect within 1-2 weeks · Clinical improvement within 24-72 hours · Days · Motor improvement over days at therapeutic dose · Over weeks · Postprandial glucose effect within days; HbA1c by 12 weeks · Sleep effect from first dose; antidepressant effect over 1-4 weeks

Other values:

Search

12-24 hours (1) · 24 hours (2) · Tissue half-life supports once-daily and post-treatment effect (1) · Variable; biologically active metabolite carries effect beyond plasma half-life (1) · ~12-24 hours (dose-dependent; BID dosing often needed at higher doses) (1) · ~24 hours per dose (peakless profile by design) (1)

1.4 hours (parent); 13-24 hours for active metabolite canrenone'"`UNIQ--ref-00000354-QINU`"' (1) · ~12 hours apparent (functional duration ~24 hours due to depot release kinetics)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000023B-QINU`"' (1) · ~14 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000CCC-QINU`"' (1) · ~30 hours (long, supports once-daily dosing and substantial drug-interaction window after discontinuation)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000A47-QINU`"' (1) · ~5-9 hours (parent and active metabolites combined)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000492-QINU`"' (1) · ~68 hours (terminal; reflects deep tissue accumulation, much longer than plasma)'"`UNIQ--ref-000003FC-QINU`"' (1) · ~7 hours apparent'"`UNIQ--ref-00001374-QINU`"' (1)

>90% (oral; not affected by food or gastric pH — a major practical advantage over itraconazole)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000A48-QINU`"' (1) · ~100% (oral; not significantly affected by food)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000493-QINU`"' (1) · ~100% from subcutaneous depot (by definition of the route) (1) · ~33% (oral; fruit juices including grapefruit, orange, and apple reduce absorption substantially via OATP1A2 inhibition — distinctive interaction not seen with most other H1s)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000CCD-QINU`"' (1) · ~37% (oral; food reduces absorption modestly)'"`UNIQ--ref-000003FD-QINU`"' (1) · ~60% from subcutaneous depot (reduced by reversible albumin binding via the myristic acid side chain that also extends duration)'"`UNIQ--ref-00001375-QINU`"' (1) · ~70% (oral; bioavailability and absorption are improved with food)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000355-QINU`"' (1)

None (1) · Avoid in pregnancy; antiandrogen effects can feminize a male fetus.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Avoid; switch to insulin. Neonatal hypoglycemia reported.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Generally considered safe; commonly used in pregnancy when macrolide indicated.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Generally considered safe; loratadine and cetirizine have more pregnancy data and are typically preferred.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Insulin is the preferred glucose-lowering therapy in pregnancy; glargine has reassuring observational data, though NPH and detemir remain the traditional choices.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · One of the better-studied basal insulin analogs in pregnancy; reassuring data.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1)

OTC in US (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (6)