Drilldown: Medicines

Dexmethylphenidate (1) · Khat (1) · Rosuvastatin (1) · Sildenafil (1) · Tea (1)

''Camellia sinensis'' (formerly ''Thea sinensis'') (1) · ''Catha edulis''. Chat, qat, the Flower of Paradise (1) · Crestor, Ezallor (1) · Focalin, Focalin XR (1) · Viagra, Revatio (1)

Caffeine plant (1) · Cathinone source (1) · CNS stimulant (1) · Excitantia (2) · NDRI (1) · PDE5 Inhibitor (1) · Plant Medicine (2) · Psychostimulant (1) · [[:Category:Lipid-lowering_agents|Lipid-lowering agent]] (1) · [[:Category:Statins|Statin]] (1)

Caffeine + theophylline + L-theanine. L-theanine (an amino acid unique to tea) modulates glutamate and produces an 'alpha-wave' calming overlay on caffeine's stimulation, hence tea's reputation as a 'cleaner' stimulant than coffee. (1) · Norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibition (DAT, NET), d-threo enantiomer of methylphenidate (1) · Primary alkaloid is (S)-(-)-cathinone, a phenylpropanolamine close kin to amphetamine. Releases dopamine and norepinephrine. Also contains cathine (=norpseudoephedrine) and norephedrine. (1) · Selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5), preventing cGMP breakdown in vascular smooth muscle. In the corpus cavernosum, potentiates the NO/cGMP cascade triggered by sexual stimulation. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000000F7-QINU`"' Minimal CYP3A4 dependence (CYP2C9 minor) reduces drug-drug interactions; transport in and out of hepatocytes is largely via OATP1B1, making SLCO1B1 PGx genotype the most clinically actionable marker for statin-associated myopathy'"`UNIQ--ref-000000F8-QINU`"'. (1)

'"`UNIQ--vote-00000008-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000009-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000000F9-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000000FA-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000000FB-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000150-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000151-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000705-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000706-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000747-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000748-QINU`"' (1)

None (1) · 10-20 mg PO once daily (5 mg in Asian ancestry, elderly, hypothyroidism, or strong CYP/SLCO1B1 interactions) (1) · 50 mg ~1 h before sexual activity (ED); 20 mg TID (PAH) (1) · A ''marduuf'' bundle (~50 g fresh leaves) chewed over a couple of hours (1) · One cup (~40–60 mg caffeine; about half of brewed coffee) (1)

None (1) · 25, 50, 100 mg tabs (Viagra); 20 mg tabs and 10 mg/mL oral suspension (Revatio) (1) · 5, 10, 20, 40 mg tablets (1) · Dried leaves, infused. Six major processings: white, green, yellow, oolong, black, pu-erh (1) · Fresh leaves and tender twigs chewed; degrades on drying (1)

None (3) · 100 mg/d (ED); 20 mg TID (PAH) (1) · 40 mg/d (rarely needed; 40 mg restricted to patients not at goal on 20 mg) (1)

IV (Revatio) (1) · Oral (4) · Oral (buccal absorption) (1)

None · Hours · 30-60 minutes · 1-2 hours · ~30 min · LDL lowering at 2 weeks, max by 4 weeks · ~1 hour · 15-30 minutes · 15–30 min · 1–2 h · 30–60 min · Antidepressant effect emerges over 1-2 weeks · BP and symptomatic LUTS improvement within 1-2 weeks · BP effect within 1-2 weeks · Clinical improvement within 24-72 hours · Days · Motor improvement over days at therapeutic dose · Over weeks · Postprandial glucose effect within days; HbA1c by 12 weeks · Sleep effect from first dose; antidepressant effect over 1-4 weeks

Other values:

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24 hours (1) · 2–4 h (1) · 3–4 h (1) · IR 4–6 h; XR 8–12 h (1) · ~4 h (1)

None (1) · 2.2 h (IR parent); ~3 h (XR parent) (1) · ~19 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-000000FC-QINU`"' (1) · ~4 h (1) · ~5 h (caffeine) (1)

None (2) · ~20% (oral; hydrophilic, minimal CYP metabolism, mostly excreted unchanged in bile)'"`UNIQ--ref-000000FD-QINU`"' (1) · ~22–25% (1) · ~40% (1)

None (2) · Category B (1) · Category C (1) · Previously Category X; FDA removed the blanket statin contraindication in pregnancy in 2021. Use individualized.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1)

None (1) · Rx-only in US (1) · Schedule I in US since 1993 (despite traditional use elsewhere); legal in Ethiopia, Kenya, Yemen, Somalia, Djibouti (1) · Schedule II (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (1)