Drilldown: Medicines

None (3) · Khat (1) · Tea (1)

''Camellia sinensis'' (formerly ''Thea sinensis'') (1) · ''Catha edulis''. Chat, qat, the Flower of Paradise (1) · Ajovy (1) · Emgality (1) · Spravato (1)

Anti-CGRP ligand monoclonal antibody (2) · Caffeine plant (1) · Cathinone source (1) · dissociative (1) · Excitantia (2) · NMDA receptor antagonist (uncompetitive) (1) · Plant Medicine (2)

None (1) · Caffeine + theophylline + L-theanine. L-theanine (an amino acid unique to tea) modulates glutamate and produces an 'alpha-wave' calming overlay on caffeine's stimulation, hence tea's reputation as a 'cleaner' stimulant than coffee. (1) · Humanized IgG2 monoclonal antibody binding both isoforms of CGRP peptide (1) · Humanized IgG4 monoclonal antibody binding CGRP peptide; prevents CGRP from activating its receptor (1) · Primary alkaloid is (S)-(-)-cathinone, a phenylpropanolamine close kin to amphetamine. Releases dopamine and norepinephrine. Also contains cathine (=norpseudoephedrine) and norephedrine. (1)

Preventive treatment of migraine in adults (episodic and chronic) (1) · Preventive treatment of migraine in adults; episodic cluster headache (1) · Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) in adults, as adjunct to oral antidepressant (FDA-approved March 2019). Depressive symptoms in adults with MDD with acute suicidal ideation or behavior (FDA-approved Aug 2020). (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000008-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000009-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000747-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000748-QINU`"' (1)

225 mg SC monthly, or 675 mg SC every 3 months (quarterly) (1) · A ''marduuf'' bundle (~50 g fresh leaves) chewed over a couple of hours (1) · Induction (TRD): 56 mg intranasal twice weekly × 4 weeks. Maintenance: 56-84 mg once weekly × 4 weeks, then 56-84 mg every 1-2 weeks. For acute suicidality: 84 mg twice weekly × 4 weeks. Administered under medical supervision in REMS-certified site. (1) · Migraine: 240 mg SC loading dose, then 120 mg SC monthly. Cluster: 300 mg SC at onset of cluster period, then monthly during cluster. (1) · One cup (~40–60 mg caffeine; about half of brewed coffee) (1)

120 mg/mL prefilled syringe or autoinjector (1) · 225 mg/1.5 mL prefilled syringe or autoinjector (1) · 28 mg/device (each dose uses 2 devices) (1) · Dried leaves, infused. Six major processings: white, green, yellow, oolong, black, pu-erh (1) · Fresh leaves and tender twigs chewed; degrades on drying (1)

None (2) · 240 mg loading + 120 mg/month for migraine; 300 mg/month for cluster (1) · 675 mg/quarter (1) · 84 mg per session (1)

Intranasal (under direct medical supervision) (1) · Oral (1) · Oral (buccal absorption) (1) · Subcutaneous (2)

None · Hours · 30-60 minutes · 1-2 hours · ~30 min · LDL lowering at 2 weeks, max by 4 weeks · ~1 hour · 15-30 minutes · 15–30 min · 1–2 h · 30–60 min · Antidepressant effect emerges over 1-2 weeks · BP and symptomatic LUTS improvement within 1-2 weeks · BP effect within 1-2 weeks · Clinical improvement within 24-72 hours · Days · Motor improvement over days at therapeutic dose · Over weeks · Postprandial glucose effect within days; HbA1c by 12 weeks · Sleep effect from first dose; antidepressant effect over 1-4 weeks

Other values:

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2–4 h (1) · 3–4 h (1) · Acute effect ~24 hours; cumulative effect builds with repeated dosing (1) · Monthly dosing (1) · Monthly or quarterly dosing (1)

None (1) · ~27 days (1) · ~31 days (1) · ~5 h (caffeine) (1) · ~7-12 hours (1)

None (2) · Not formally established (1) · Not formally established (high SC) (1) · ~48% intranasal (1)

None (2) · Avoid; may cause fetal harm (1) · Limited data; avoid (2)

None (1) · Rx (2) · Rx, Schedule III (US). REMS program required. (1) · Schedule I in US since 1993 (despite traditional use elsewhere); legal in Ethiopia, Kenya, Yemen, Somalia, Djibouti (1)