Drilldown: Medicines

None (3) · Khat (1) · Tea (1)

''Camellia sinensis'' (formerly ''Thea sinensis'') (1) · ''Catha edulis''. Chat, qat, the Flower of Paradise (1) · Ajovy (1) · Emgality (1) · Sunosi (1)

Anti-CGRP ligand monoclonal antibody (2) · Caffeine plant (1) · Cathinone source (1) · Excitantia (2) · Norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI) (1) · Plant Medicine (2) · wake-promoting agent (1)

Caffeine + theophylline + L-theanine. L-theanine (an amino acid unique to tea) modulates glutamate and produces an 'alpha-wave' calming overlay on caffeine's stimulation, hence tea's reputation as a 'cleaner' stimulant than coffee. (1) · Humanized IgG2 monoclonal antibody binding both isoforms of CGRP peptide (1) · Humanized IgG4 monoclonal antibody binding CGRP peptide; prevents CGRP from activating its receptor (1) · Primary alkaloid is (S)-(-)-cathinone, a phenylpropanolamine close kin to amphetamine. Releases dopamine and norepinephrine. Also contains cathine (=norpseudoephedrine) and norephedrine. (1) · Selective dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (DAT and NET inhibition). Unlike amphetamine, does not significantly release monoamines, pure reuptake inhibition. (1)

Excessive daytime sleepiness in adults with narcolepsy or obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) (1) · Preventive treatment of migraine in adults (episodic and chronic) (1) · Preventive treatment of migraine in adults; episodic cluster headache (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000008-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000009-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000747-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000748-QINU`"' (1)

225 mg SC monthly, or 675 mg SC every 3 months (quarterly) (1) · A ''marduuf'' bundle (~50 g fresh leaves) chewed over a couple of hours (1) · Migraine: 240 mg SC loading dose, then 120 mg SC monthly. Cluster: 300 mg SC at onset of cluster period, then monthly during cluster. (1) · Narcolepsy: 75 mg PO once daily upon awakening, titrate every 3 days. OSA: 37.5 mg PO once daily, titrate. (1) · One cup (~40–60 mg caffeine; about half of brewed coffee) (1)

120 mg/mL prefilled syringe or autoinjector (1) · 225 mg/1.5 mL prefilled syringe or autoinjector (1) · 75 mg, 150 mg tablets (1) · Dried leaves, infused. Six major processings: white, green, yellow, oolong, black, pu-erh (1) · Fresh leaves and tender twigs chewed; degrades on drying (1)

None (2) · 150 mg/d (1) · 240 mg loading + 120 mg/month for migraine; 300 mg/month for cluster (1) · 675 mg/quarter (1)

Oral (2) · Oral (buccal absorption) (1) · Subcutaneous (2)

None · Hours · 30-60 minutes · 1-2 hours · ~30 min · LDL lowering at 2 weeks, max by 4 weeks · ~1 hour · 15-30 minutes · 15–30 min · 1–2 h · 30–60 min · Antidepressant effect emerges over 1-2 weeks · BP and symptomatic LUTS improvement within 1-2 weeks · BP effect within 1-2 weeks · Clinical improvement within 24-72 hours · Days · Motor improvement over days at therapeutic dose · Over weeks · Postprandial glucose effect within days; HbA1c by 12 weeks · Sleep effect from first dose; antidepressant effect over 1-4 weeks

Other values:

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2–4 h (1) · 3–4 h (1) · Monthly dosing (1) · Monthly or quarterly dosing (1) · ~9 hours (1)

None (1) · ~27 days (1) · ~31 days (1) · ~5 h (caffeine) (1) · ~7.1 hours (1)

None (2) · Not formally established (1) · Not formally established (high SC) (1) · ~95% (1)

None (2) · Limited data; avoid (2) · Limited data; pregnancy exposure registry available (1)

None (1) · Rx (2) · Rx, Schedule IV (US) (1) · Schedule I in US since 1993 (despite traditional use elsewhere); legal in Ethiopia, Kenya, Yemen, Somalia, Djibouti (1)