Drilldown: Medicines
Medicines > onset 
:
15–30 min or
Postprandial glucose effect within days; HbA1c by 12 weeks or
~20–40 min PO; faster sublingual/intranasal.
:
15–30 min or
Postprandial glucose effect within days; HbA1c by 12 weeks or
~20–40 min PO; faster sublingual/intranasal. Use the filters below to narrow your results.
generic:
brand:
classes:
Caffeine plant (1) ·
Cathinone source (1) ·
Designer benzodiazepine (1) ·
Excitantia (2) ·
Plant Medicine (2) ·
Research material (1) ·
Sedative-Hypnotic (1) ·
Triazolobenzodiazepine (1) ·
[[:Category:Antihyperglycemic_agents|Antihyperglycemic agent]] (2) ·
[[:Category:DPP-4_inhibitors|DPP-4 inhibitor]] (2) ·
[[:Category:Incretin_modulators|Incretin pathway modulator]] (2)
mechanism:
None (1) ·
Caffeine + theophylline + L-theanine. L-theanine (an amino acid unique to tea) modulates glutamate and produces an 'alpha-wave' calming overlay on caffeine's stimulation, hence tea's reputation as a 'cleaner' stimulant than coffee. (1) ·
Positive allosteric modulator of the GABA<sub>A</sub> receptor at the benzodiazepine binding site; increases frequency of Cl<sup>−</sup> channel opening, producing anxiolytic, sedative, hypnotic, anticonvulsant, and skeletal-muscle relaxant effects. (1) ·
Primary alkaloid is (S)-(-)-cathinone, a phenylpropanolamine close kin to amphetamine. Releases dopamine and norepinephrine. Also contains cathine (=norpseudoephedrine) and norephedrine. (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000762-QINU`"' Largely renally cleared, hence the eGFR-tiered dosing. Rare but well-documented signals: acute pancreatitis (uncertain causal contribution), severe joint pain, and bullous pemphigoid (class effect, especially in older Asian patients)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000763-QINU`"'. (1)
uses:
No approved medical problem. Encountered as a designer/research benzodiazepine and, increasingly, as an adulterant in illicit opioid supplies. (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000008-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000009-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000747-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000748-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000764-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000117B-QINU`"' (1)
starting dose:
100 mg PO once daily (50 mg if CrCl 30-44; 25 mg if <30 or dialysis) (1) ·
5 mg PO once daily (no renal dose adjustment, unlike sitagliptin) (1) ·
A ''marduuf'' bundle (~50 g fresh leaves) chewed over a couple of hours (1) ·
No medical dose. Active recreational doses reported in the 0.5–1.5 mg range (similar potency to alprazolam). (1) ·
One cup (~40–60 mg caffeine; about half of brewed coffee) (1)
preparations:
25, 50, 100 mg tablets; combination tablets with metformin (1) ·
5 mg tablets; combination with metformin (1) ·
Dried leaves, infused. Six major processings: white, green, yellow, oolong, black, pu-erh (1) ·
Fresh leaves and tender twigs chewed; degrades on drying (1) ·
Illicit tablets ("bars"), powders, blotter, occasionally solutions. No pharmaceutical product exists. (1)
fda max:
routes:
onset: (Click arrow to add another value)
duration:
halflife:
bioavailability:
pregnancy:
None (2) ·
Avoid. Benzodiazepines are associated with neonatal sedation, floppy-infant syndrome, and withdrawal; teratogenic signal weak but non-zero. Designer benzo with no safety data, assume worst-case. (1) ·
Limited data; switch to insulin where feasible.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (2)
Showing below up to 5 results in range #1 to #5.