Drilldown: Medicines

None (3) · Dexmethylphenidate (1) · Oxycodone / Aspirin (1) · Sildenafil (1) · Vardenafil (1) · Zolpidem (tartrate) (1)

Ambien (IR), Ambien CR (biphasic-release), Edluar (sublingual), Intermezzo (low-dose sublingual for middle-of-night awakening), Zolpimist (oral spray) (1) · Belsomra (1) · Dayvigo (1) · Focalin, Focalin XR (1) · Levitra, Staxyn (1) · Percodan (1) · Quviviq (1) · Viagra, Revatio (1)

CNS stimulant (1) · Dual orexin receptor antagonist (DORA) (3) · NDRI (1) · PDE5 Inhibitor (2) · Psychostimulant (1) · the first approved (1) · [[:Category:Fixed-dose_combinations|Fixed-dose combination]] (1) · [[:Category:Non-benzodiazepine hypnotics|Non-benzodiazepine hypnotic]] (1) · [[:Category:NSAIDs|NSAID (aspirin)]] (1) · [[:Category:Opioid_analgesics|Opioid analgesic]] (1) · [[:Category:Schedule IV controlled substances|Schedule IV controlled substance]] (1) · [[:Category:Schedule_II_controlled_substances|Schedule II controlled substance]] (1) · [[:Category:Sleep aids|Sleep aid]] (1)

None (2) · Competitive antagonist at OX1R and OX2R. Faster receptor association/dissociation kinetics than suvorexant (~16 sec dissociation vs ~57 sec) hypothesized to support sleep onset, with sufficient duration for maintenance. (1) · Competitive antagonist at OX1R and OX2R. First-in-class DORA. Receptor dissociation slower than lemborexant or daridorexant. (1) · Norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibition (DAT, NET), d-threo enantiomer of methylphenidate (1) · Selective inhibitor of PDE5. Slightly higher PDE5/PDE6 selectivity vs sildenafil (less visual side effect) but more PDE1 cross-activity (occasional QT effects at high doses). (1) · Selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5), preventing cGMP breakdown in vascular smooth muscle. In the corpus cavernosum, potentiates the NO/cGMP cascade triggered by sexual stimulation. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000014F7-QINU`"' Falling out of favor for acute pain due to aspirin's GI bleeding and antiplatelet effects compared with acetaminophen-opioid combinations; still used in selected indications'"`UNIQ--ref-000014F8-QINU`"'. (1)

Insomnia (sleep onset and/or maintenance) in adults (FDA-approved August 2014). Also studied for insomnia in mild-moderate Alzheimer disease. (1) · Insomnia (sleep onset and/or maintenance) in adults (FDA-approved Dec 2019) (1) · Insomnia (sleep onset and/or sleep maintenance) in adults (FDA-approved Jan 2022) (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000017-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000018-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000019-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000150-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000151-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000669-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000705-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000706-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000014F9-QINU`"' (1)

None (1) · '''5 mg PO at bedtime for women, 5-10 mg for men''' (per FDA's 2013 sex-specific dose reduction for women due to slower clearance). Ambien CR 6.25 mg women / 6.25-12.5 mg men. Intermezzo SL 1.75 mg women / 3.5 mg men (1) · 1 tablet (4.8355 mg oxycodone / 325 mg aspirin) PO every 6 hours as needed (1) · 10 mg PO 30 min before bedtime (with ≥7 hours of sleep planned) (1) · 10 mg ~1 h before sexual activity (1) · 25 mg PO at bedtime (no titration); may increase to 50 mg if 25 mg inadequate (1) · 5 mg PO at bedtime; may increase to 10 mg if inadequate (1) · 50 mg ~1 h before sexual activity (ED); 20 mg TID (PAH) (1)

None (1) · 2.5, 5, 10, 20 mg tabs (Levitra); 10 mg ODT (Staxyn) (1) · 25 mg, 50 mg tablets (1) · 25, 50, 100 mg tabs (Viagra); 20 mg tabs and 10 mg/mL oral suspension (Revatio) (1) · 4.8355 mg oxycodone / 325 mg aspirin tablets (1) · 5 mg, 10 mg tablets (1) · 5 mg, 10 mg, 15 mg, 20 mg tablets (1) · IR tablets 5, 10 mg; CR tablets 6.25, 12.5 mg; SL tablets 1.75, 3.5, 5, 10 mg; oral spray (1)

None (1) · 10 mg/d (1) · 10 mg/day (IR); 12.5 mg/day (CR) (1) · 100 mg/d (ED); 20 mg TID (PAH) (1) · 20 mg/d (2) · 50 mg/d (1) · Aspirin GI/bleeding-limited; oxycodone titrated to effect (1)

IV (Revatio) (1) · Oral (8) · oromucosal spray (1) · sublingual (1)

None · Hours · 30-60 minutes · 1-2 hours · ~30 min · LDL lowering at 2 weeks, max by 4 weeks · ~1 hour · 15-30 minutes · 15–30 min · 1–2 h · 30–60 min · Antidepressant effect emerges over 1-2 weeks · BP and symptomatic LUTS improvement within 1-2 weeks · BP effect within 1-2 weeks · Clinical improvement within 24-72 hours · Days · Motor improvement over days at therapeutic dose · Over weeks · Postprandial glucose effect within days; HbA1c by 12 weeks · Sleep effect from first dose; antidepressant effect over 1-4 weeks

Other values:

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4-6 hours (1) · 4–5 h (1) · 6-8 hours (IR); 8 hours (CR via biphasic release) (1) · IR 4–6 h; XR 8–12 h (1) · ~4 h (1) · ~7-8 hours (3)

2.2 h (IR parent); ~3 h (XR parent) (1) · 4–5 h (1) · Oxycodone 3-5 hours; aspirin (acetyl group) 15-20 minutes, salicylate 2-3 hours at therapeutic doses'"`UNIQ--ref-000014FA-QINU`"' (1) · ~12 hours (1) · ~17-19 hours (longer than daridorexant) (1) · ~2.5 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001A-QINU`"' (1) · ~4 h (1) · ~8 hours (shorter than suvorexant and lemborexant) (1)

Oxycodone 60-87%; aspirin 50-75%'"`UNIQ--ref-000014FB-QINU`"' (1) · ~15% (extensive hepatic first-pass) (1) · ~22–25% (1) · ~40% (1) · ~44% (1) · ~62% (1) · ~70% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001B-QINU`"' (1) · ~82% (1)

Avoid; aspirin teratogenicity concerns plus opioid neonatal withdrawal.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Category B (2) · Category C (1) · Limited data; avoid (3) · Limited human data; case reports of neonatal sedation with late-pregnancy exposure.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1)

Rx, Schedule IV (US) (3) · Rx-only in US (2) · Schedule II (1) · [[USLegal:Schedule II|Schedule II controlled substance]] in US (1) · [[USLegal:Schedule IV|Schedule IV controlled substance]] in US. Carries the FDA '''Boxed Warning''' for '''complex sleep behaviors''' (sleep-driving, sleep-walking, sleep-eating, other parasomnias) added in 2019'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001C-QINU`"' (1)