Drilldown: Medicines

Clonazepam (1) · Linagliptin (1) · Lovastatin (1) · Pravastatin (1) · Simvastatin (1) · Sitagliptin (1)

Altoprev (ER), Mevacor (discontinued US); mostly generic (1) · Januvia; with metformin Janumet/Janumet XR (1) · Klonopin (1) · Pravachol (1) · Tradjenta; with metformin Jentadueto (1) · Zocor (1)

[[:Category:Anticonvulsants|Anticonvulsant]] (1) · [[:Category:Antihyperglycemic_agents|Antihyperglycemic agent]] (2) · [[:Category:Anxiolytics|Anxiolytic]] (1) · [[:Category:Benzodiazepines|Benzodiazepine]] (1) · [[:Category:DPP-4_inhibitors|DPP-4 inhibitor]] (2) · [[:Category:Incretin_modulators|Incretin pathway modulator]] (2) · [[:Category:Lipid-lowering_agents|Lipid-lowering agent]] (3) · [[:Category:Schedule IV controlled substances|Schedule IV controlled substance]] (1) · [[:Category:Statins|Statin]] (3)

None (4) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000003D1-QINU`"' SLCO1B1 polymorphism affects exposure but is most clinically actionable for simvastatin'"`UNIQ--ref-000003D2-QINU`"'. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000762-QINU`"' Largely renally cleared, hence the eGFR-tiered dosing. Rare but well-documented signals: acute pancreatitis (uncertain causal contribution), severe joint pain, and bullous pemphigoid (class effect, especially in older Asian patients)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000763-QINU`"'. (1)

'"`UNIQ--vote-0000001F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000020-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000021-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000022-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000023-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000024-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000025-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000178-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000179-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000003D3-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000003D4-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000764-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000805-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000806-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000117B-QINU`"' (1)

10-20 mg PO once daily in the evening (40 mg starting allowed for high CV risk) (1) · 100 mg PO once daily (50 mg if CrCl 30-44; 25 mg if <30 or dialysis) (1) · 20 mg PO once daily with the evening meal; titrate to 40-80 mg/d (1) · 40 mg PO once daily (10-20 mg in elderly, hepatic impairment, or strong drug interactions) (1) · 5 mg PO once daily (no renal dose adjustment, unlike sitagliptin) (1) · Anxiety: 0.25 mg PO BID, titrate by 0.125-0.25 mg every 3 days to target 1-4 mg/day divided. Seizures: 1.5 mg/day divided TID, titrate by 0.5-1 mg every 3 days (1)

10 mg, 20 mg, 40 mg, 80 mg tablets (1) · 10, 20, 40 mg tablets; 20, 40, 60 mg ER tablets (1) · 25, 50, 100 mg tablets; combination tablets with metformin (1) · 5 mg tablets; combination with metformin (1) · 5, 10, 20, 40, 80 mg tablets; 4 mg/mL oral suspension (1) · Tablets 0.5, 1, 2 mg; orally disintegrating tablets 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2 mg (1)

100 mg/d (1) · 20 mg/day (seizures); commonly limited to 4 mg/day for anxiety in current practice (1) · 40 mg/d standard; 80 mg/d restricted to patients tolerating 80 mg for ≥12 months without myopathy (post-SEARCH 2011 FDA restriction) (1) · 5 mg/d (1) · 80 mg/d (1) · 80 mg/d (40 mg/d if combined with diltiazem, verapamil, danazol; lower limits with various interactions) (1)

Oral (6)

None · Hours · 30-60 minutes · 1-2 hours · ~30 min · LDL lowering at 2 weeks, max by 4 weeks · ~1 hour · 15-30 minutes · 15–30 min · 1–2 h · 30–60 min · Antidepressant effect emerges over 1-2 weeks · BP and symptomatic LUTS improvement within 1-2 weeks · BP effect within 1-2 weeks · Clinical improvement within 24-72 hours · Days · Motor improvement over days at therapeutic dose · Over weeks · Postprandial glucose effect within days; HbA1c by 12 weeks · Sleep effect from first dose; antidepressant effect over 1-4 weeks

Other values:

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24 hours (4) · 24 hours (evening dosing aligns with overnight HMG-CoA reductase peak) (1) · 6-12 hours (long-acting among benzodiazepines) (1)

30-40 hours (long; accumulates with chronic dosing)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000026-QINU`"' (1) · ~12 hours (effective); terminal much longer'"`UNIQ--ref-0000117C-QINU`"' (1) · ~12.4 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000765-QINU`"' (1) · ~2 hours (parent and active β-hydroxy acid metabolite); pharmacodynamic effect lasts 24 hours via target turnover'"`UNIQ--ref-0000017A-QINU`"' (1) · ~2-3 hours (parent); pharmacodynamic effect 24 hours via target turnover'"`UNIQ--ref-000003D5-QINU`"' (1) · ~2-4 hours (parent and active β-hydroxy acid metabolite); pharmacodynamic effect 24 hours via target turnover'"`UNIQ--ref-00000807-QINU`"' (1)

<5% (extensive hepatic first-pass; food enhances absorption of IR, hence the evening-meal dosing)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000808-QINU`"' (1) · <5% (extensive hepatic first-pass; statin pharmacology is hepatocellular, not systemic)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000017B-QINU`"' (1) · ~17% (oral; food slightly reduces absorption)'"`UNIQ--ref-000003D6-QINU`"' (1) · ~30% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000117D-QINU`"' (1) · ~87% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000766-QINU`"' (1) · ~90% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000027-QINU`"' (1)

Limited data; switch to insulin where feasible.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (2) · Limited human data; some signal for cleft palate with first-trimester exposure (debated); neonatal sedation and withdrawal with third-trimester exposure.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Previously Category X; FDA removed the blanket statin contraindication in pregnancy in 2021.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (3)

[[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (5) · [[USLegal:Schedule IV|Schedule IV controlled substance]] in US. Carries the benzodiazepine class '''Boxed Warning''' for risk of fatal respiratory depression, coma, and death when combined with opioids'"`UNIQ--ref-00000028-QINU`"' (1)