Drilldown: Medicines

Dexmethylphenidate (1) · Irbesartan (1) · Niacin (nicotinic acid, vitamin B3) (1) · Sildenafil (1) · Telmisartan (1)

Avapro (1) · Focalin, Focalin XR (1) · Micardis (1) · Niaspan (ER, Rx), Niacor (IR, Rx); huge OTC presence (1) · Viagra, Revatio (1)

CNS stimulant (1) · NDRI (1) · PDE5 Inhibitor (1) · Psychostimulant (1) · [[:Category:Angiotensin_receptor_blockers|Angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB)]] (2) · [[:Category:Antihypertensives|Antihypertensive]] (2) · [[:Category:B-vitamins|B-vitamin]] (1) · [[:Category:Lipid-lowering_agents|Lipid-lowering agent]] (1) · [[:Category:Vitamins|Vitamin]] (1)

None (1) · Norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibition (DAT, NET), d-threo enantiomer of methylphenidate (1) · Selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5), preventing cGMP breakdown in vascular smooth muscle. In the corpus cavernosum, potentiates the NO/cGMP cascade triggered by sexual stimulation. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000083E-QINU`"' CYP2C9 substrate; no clinically active metabolites. The IDNT trial established renoprotection in diabetic nephropathy independent of BP lowering, contributing to the ARB class indication in T2DM with proteinuria'"`UNIQ--ref-0000083F-QINU`"'. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000AEA-QINU`"' The 24-hour half-life supports once-daily dosing with consistent overnight BP control. Largely hepatically cleared (~98% biliary); no significant renal clearance dependence'"`UNIQ--ref-00000AEB-QINU`"'. (1)

'"`UNIQ--vote-00000150-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000151-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000705-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000706-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000840-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000841-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000AEC-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000AED-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00001035-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001036-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001037-QINU`"' (1)

None (1) · 150 mg PO once daily; titrate to 300 mg if needed (1) · 40 mg PO once daily; titrate to 80 mg (1) · 50 mg ~1 h before sexual activity (ED); 20 mg TID (PAH) (1) · Niaspan ER 500 mg PO at bedtime, titrate weekly to 1-2 g/d; flushing-protective aspirin 30-60 minutes before dose; pellagra replacement 100-500 mg/d (1)

None (1) · 20, 40, 80 mg tablets (1) · 25, 50, 100 mg tabs (Viagra); 20 mg tabs and 10 mg/mL oral suspension (Revatio) (1) · 75, 150, 300 mg tablets (1) · OTC IR niacin 50-500 mg tablets; Niaspan ER 500, 750, 1000 mg tablets; "no-flush" niacin (inositol hexaniacinate, lacks evidence) (1)

None (1) · 100 mg/d (ED); 20 mg TID (PAH) (1) · 2 g/d (Niaspan); higher off-label use historical (1) · 300 mg/d (1) · 80 mg/d (1)

IV (Revatio) (1) · Oral (5)

None · Hours · 30-60 minutes · 1-2 hours · ~30 min · LDL lowering at 2 weeks, max by 4 weeks · ~1 hour · 15-30 minutes · 15–30 min · 1–2 h · 30–60 min · Antidepressant effect emerges over 1-2 weeks · BP and symptomatic LUTS improvement within 1-2 weeks · BP effect within 1-2 weeks · Clinical improvement within 24-72 hours · Days · Motor improvement over days at therapeutic dose · Over weeks · Postprandial glucose effect within days; HbA1c by 12 weeks · Sleep effect from first dose; antidepressant effect over 1-4 weeks

Other values:

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24 hours (3) · IR 4–6 h; XR 8–12 h (1) · ~4 h (1)

11-15 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000842-QINU`"' (1) · 2.2 h (IR parent); ~3 h (XR parent) (1) · ~1 hour (IR niacin); ER formulations extend functional duration'"`UNIQ--ref-00001038-QINU`"' (1) · ~24 hours (longest of the ARB class; suits patients with morning BP surge)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000AEE-QINU`"' (1) · ~4 h (1)

42-58% (oral; dose-dependent)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000AEF-QINU`"' (1) · 60-80% (oral; not significantly affected by food)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000843-QINU`"' (1) · High (oral; food enhances)'"`UNIQ--ref-00001039-QINU`"' (1) · ~22–25% (1) · ~40% (1)

'''Contraindicated in pregnancy''' (all trimesters); fetal renal injury, oligohydramnios, hypocalvaria, hypotension. Stop on detection'"`UNIQ--ref-00000844-QINU`"' (1) · '''Contraindicated in pregnancy''' (all trimesters); fetal renal injury, oligohydramnios, hypocalvaria, hypotension. Stop on detection'"`UNIQ--ref-00000AF0-QINU`"' (1) · Category B (1) · Category C (1) · Pharmacologic doses generally avoided in pregnancy; vitamin doses fine.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1)

OTC (low-dose, dietary supplement) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (Niaspan ER) in US (1) · Rx-only in US (1) · Schedule II (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (2)