Drilldown: Medicines
Medicines > onset 
:
BP effect within 1-2 weeks or
Motor improvement over days at therapeutic dose or
~15–30 min
:
BP effect within 1-2 weeks or
Motor improvement over days at therapeutic dose or
~15–30 min Use the filters below to narrow your results.
generic:
brand:
classes:
Caffeine plant (1) ·
Excitantia (1) ·
Plant Medicine (1) ·
Xanthine (1) ·
[[:Category:Angiotensin_receptor_blockers|Angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB)]] (2) ·
[[:Category:Antihypertensives|Antihypertensive]] (2) ·
[[:Category:Antiparkinsonians|Antiparkinsonian]] (2) ·
[[:Category:Dopamine agonists|Dopamine D2/D3 receptor agonist (non-ergot)]] (2)
mechanism:
None (2) ·
Caffeine is a non-selective adenosine A1/A2A receptor antagonist; also weak PDE inhibition. Beans contain theobromine (3,7-DMX) and theophylline (1,3-DMX) in smaller amounts. (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000083E-QINU`"' CYP2C9 substrate; no clinically active metabolites. The IDNT trial established renoprotection in diabetic nephropathy independent of BP lowering, contributing to the ARB class indication in T2DM with proteinuria'"`UNIQ--ref-0000083F-QINU`"'. (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000AEA-QINU`"' The 24-hour half-life supports once-daily dosing with consistent overnight BP control. Largely hepatically cleared (~98% biliary); no significant renal clearance dependence'"`UNIQ--ref-00000AEB-QINU`"'. (1)
uses:
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000013-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000014-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000017-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000018-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000019-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001A-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-000000CF-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000000D0-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000000D1-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000840-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000841-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000AEC-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000AED-QINU`"' (1)
starting dose:
150 mg PO once daily; titrate to 300 mg if needed (1) ·
40 mg PO once daily; titrate to 80 mg (1) ·
One cup (~80–145 mg caffeine for brewed; 60–100 mg for instant) (1) ·
Parkinson disease: 0.125 mg PO TID, titrate weekly to maintenance ~1.5 mg TID. Restless legs syndrome: 0.125 mg PO 2-3 hours before bedtime, titrate to 0.5 mg/day if needed (1) ·
Parkinson disease: 0.25 mg PO TID, titrate weekly. Restless legs syndrome: 0.25 mg PO 1-3 hours before bedtime, titrate to 4 mg/day if needed (1)
preparations:
20, 40, 80 mg tablets (1) ·
75, 150, 300 mg tablets (1) ·
IR tablets 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.5 mg; ER tablets 0.375, 0.75, 1.5, 2.25, 3, 3.75, 4.5 mg (1) ·
IR tablets 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 mg; XL tablets 2, 4, 6, 8, 12 mg (1) ·
Roasted beans, ground; brewed (drip, French press, espresso, cold brew, percolated) (1)
fda max:
routes:
onset: (Click arrow to add another value)
duration:
halflife:
11-15 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000842-QINU`"' (1) ·
8-12 hours (longer in elderly and renal impairment)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001B-QINU`"' (1) ·
~24 hours (longest of the ARB class; suits patients with morning BP surge)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000AEE-QINU`"' (1) ·
~5 h (caffeine) (1) ·
~6 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000015-QINU`"' (1)
bioavailability:
pregnancy:
'''Contraindicated in pregnancy''' (all trimesters); fetal renal injury, oligohydramnios, hypocalvaria, hypotension. Stop on detection'"`UNIQ--ref-00000844-QINU`"' (1) ·
'''Contraindicated in pregnancy''' (all trimesters); fetal renal injury, oligohydramnios, hypocalvaria, hypotension. Stop on detection'"`UNIQ--ref-00000AF0-QINU`"' (1) ·
Limit to <200 mg/d (~2 cups brewed) (1) ·
Limited human data.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Limited human data; rarely indicated in pregnancy given the typical patient population.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1)
Showing below up to 5 results in range #1 to #5.