Drilldown: Medicines

None (4) · Lovastatin (1) · Pravastatin (1) · Simvastatin (1) · Vardenafil (1)

Altoprev (ER), Mevacor (discontinued US); mostly generic (1) · Belsomra (1) · Dayvigo (1) · Levitra, Staxyn (1) · Nuplazid (1) · Pravachol (1) · Quviviq (1) · Zocor (1)

Dual orexin receptor antagonist (DORA) (3) · PDE5 Inhibitor (1) · Selective 5HT2A inverse agonist (with weaker 5HT2C inverse agonism) (1) · the first approved (1) · [[:Category:Lipid-lowering_agents|Lipid-lowering agent]] (3) · [[:Category:Statins|Statin]] (3)

None (3) · Competitive antagonist at OX1R and OX2R. Faster receptor association/dissociation kinetics than suvorexant (~16 sec dissociation vs ~57 sec) hypothesized to support sleep onset, with sufficient duration for maintenance. (1) · Competitive antagonist at OX1R and OX2R. First-in-class DORA. Receptor dissociation slower than lemborexant or daridorexant. (1) · Selective inhibitor of PDE5. Slightly higher PDE5/PDE6 selectivity vs sildenafil (less visual side effect) but more PDE1 cross-activity (occasional QT effects at high doses). (1) · Selective inverse agonist at 5HT2A receptors with weaker activity at 5HT2C. Has no significant dopamine D2 affinity, unique among approved antipsychotics. Inverse agonism (rather than antagonism) reduces constitutive 5HT2A receptor activity below baseline. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000003D1-QINU`"' SLCO1B1 polymorphism affects exposure but is most clinically actionable for simvastatin'"`UNIQ--ref-000003D2-QINU`"'. (1)

Hallucinations and delusions associated with Parkinson's disease psychosis (PDP). Investigational for psychosis in other dementias and as augmentation for depression. (1) · Insomnia (sleep onset and/or maintenance) in adults (FDA-approved August 2014). Also studied for insomnia in mild-moderate Alzheimer disease. (1) · Insomnia (sleep onset and/or maintenance) in adults (FDA-approved Dec 2019) (1) · Insomnia (sleep onset and/or sleep maintenance) in adults (FDA-approved Jan 2022) (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000178-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000179-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000003D3-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000003D4-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000669-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000805-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000806-QINU`"' (1)

10 mg PO 30 min before bedtime (with ≥7 hours of sleep planned) (1) · 10 mg ~1 h before sexual activity (1) · 10-20 mg PO once daily in the evening (40 mg starting allowed for high CV risk) (1) · 20 mg PO once daily with the evening meal; titrate to 40-80 mg/d (1) · 25 mg PO at bedtime (no titration); may increase to 50 mg if 25 mg inadequate (1) · 34 mg PO once daily (1) · 40 mg PO once daily (10-20 mg in elderly, hepatic impairment, or strong drug interactions) (1) · 5 mg PO at bedtime; may increase to 10 mg if inadequate (1)

10 mg, 20 mg, 40 mg, 80 mg tablets (1) · 10 mg, 34 mg capsules/tablets (1) · 10, 20, 40 mg tablets; 20, 40, 60 mg ER tablets (1) · 2.5, 5, 10, 20 mg tabs (Levitra); 10 mg ODT (Staxyn) (1) · 25 mg, 50 mg tablets (1) · 5 mg, 10 mg tablets (1) · 5 mg, 10 mg, 15 mg, 20 mg tablets (1) · 5, 10, 20, 40, 80 mg tablets; 4 mg/mL oral suspension (1)

10 mg/d (1) · 20 mg/d (2) · 34 mg/d (1) · 40 mg/d standard; 80 mg/d restricted to patients tolerating 80 mg for ≥12 months without myopathy (post-SEARCH 2011 FDA restriction) (1) · 50 mg/d (1) · 80 mg/d (1) · 80 mg/d (40 mg/d if combined with diltiazem, verapamil, danazol; lower limits with various interactions) (1)

Oral (8)

None · Hours · 30-60 minutes · 1-2 hours · ~30 min · LDL lowering at 2 weeks, max by 4 weeks · ~1 hour · 15-30 minutes · 15–30 min · 1–2 h · 30–60 min · Antidepressant effect emerges over 1-2 weeks · BP and symptomatic LUTS improvement within 1-2 weeks · BP effect within 1-2 weeks · Clinical improvement within 24-72 hours · Days · Motor improvement over days at therapeutic dose · Over weeks · Postprandial glucose effect within days; HbA1c by 12 weeks · Sleep effect from first dose; antidepressant effect over 1-4 weeks

Other values:

Search

24 hours (2) · 24 hours (evening dosing aligns with overnight HMG-CoA reductase peak) (1) · 4–5 h (1) · Daily dosing (1) · ~7-8 hours (3)

4–5 h (1) · ~12 hours (1) · ~17-19 hours (longer than daridorexant) (1) · ~2 hours (parent and active β-hydroxy acid metabolite); pharmacodynamic effect lasts 24 hours via target turnover'"`UNIQ--ref-0000017A-QINU`"' (1) · ~2-3 hours (parent); pharmacodynamic effect 24 hours via target turnover'"`UNIQ--ref-000003D5-QINU`"' (1) · ~2-4 hours (parent and active β-hydroxy acid metabolite); pharmacodynamic effect 24 hours via target turnover'"`UNIQ--ref-00000807-QINU`"' (1) · ~57 hours (parent), ~200 h (active metabolite) (1) · ~8 hours (shorter than suvorexant and lemborexant) (1)

<5% (extensive hepatic first-pass; food enhances absorption of IR, hence the evening-meal dosing)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000808-QINU`"' (1) · <5% (extensive hepatic first-pass; statin pharmacology is hepatocellular, not systemic)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000017B-QINU`"' (1) · Not characterized; oral dosing once daily (1) · ~15% (extensive hepatic first-pass) (1) · ~17% (oral; food slightly reduces absorption)'"`UNIQ--ref-000003D6-QINU`"' (1) · ~44% (1) · ~62% (1) · ~82% (1)

Category B (1) · Limited data; avoid (4) · Previously Category X; FDA removed the blanket statin contraindication in pregnancy in 2021.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (3)

Rx, Schedule IV (US) (3) · Rx-only in US (1) · Rx. FDA black-box warning for increased mortality in elderly patients with dementia-related psychosis (class warning shared with all antipsychotics) (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (3)