Drilldown: Medicines

None (6) · Vardenafil (1)

Ajovy (1) · Belsomra (1) · Dayvigo (1) · Emgality (1) · Levitra, Staxyn (1) · Nuplazid (1) · Quviviq (1)

Anti-CGRP ligand monoclonal antibody (2) · Dual orexin receptor antagonist (DORA) (3) · PDE5 Inhibitor (1) · Selective 5HT2A inverse agonist (with weaker 5HT2C inverse agonism) (1) · the first approved (1)

None (1) · Competitive antagonist at OX1R and OX2R. Faster receptor association/dissociation kinetics than suvorexant (~16 sec dissociation vs ~57 sec) hypothesized to support sleep onset, with sufficient duration for maintenance. (1) · Competitive antagonist at OX1R and OX2R. First-in-class DORA. Receptor dissociation slower than lemborexant or daridorexant. (1) · Humanized IgG2 monoclonal antibody binding both isoforms of CGRP peptide (1) · Humanized IgG4 monoclonal antibody binding CGRP peptide; prevents CGRP from activating its receptor (1) · Selective inhibitor of PDE5. Slightly higher PDE5/PDE6 selectivity vs sildenafil (less visual side effect) but more PDE1 cross-activity (occasional QT effects at high doses). (1) · Selective inverse agonist at 5HT2A receptors with weaker activity at 5HT2C. Has no significant dopamine D2 affinity, unique among approved antipsychotics. Inverse agonism (rather than antagonism) reduces constitutive 5HT2A receptor activity below baseline. (1)

Hallucinations and delusions associated with Parkinson's disease psychosis (PDP). Investigational for psychosis in other dementias and as augmentation for depression. (1) · Insomnia (sleep onset and/or maintenance) in adults (FDA-approved August 2014). Also studied for insomnia in mild-moderate Alzheimer disease. (1) · Insomnia (sleep onset and/or maintenance) in adults (FDA-approved Dec 2019) (1) · Insomnia (sleep onset and/or sleep maintenance) in adults (FDA-approved Jan 2022) (1) · Preventive treatment of migraine in adults (episodic and chronic) (1) · Preventive treatment of migraine in adults; episodic cluster headache (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000669-QINU`"' (1)

10 mg PO 30 min before bedtime (with ≥7 hours of sleep planned) (1) · 10 mg ~1 h before sexual activity (1) · 225 mg SC monthly, or 675 mg SC every 3 months (quarterly) (1) · 25 mg PO at bedtime (no titration); may increase to 50 mg if 25 mg inadequate (1) · 34 mg PO once daily (1) · 5 mg PO at bedtime; may increase to 10 mg if inadequate (1) · Migraine: 240 mg SC loading dose, then 120 mg SC monthly. Cluster: 300 mg SC at onset of cluster period, then monthly during cluster. (1)

10 mg, 34 mg capsules/tablets (1) · 120 mg/mL prefilled syringe or autoinjector (1) · 2.5, 5, 10, 20 mg tabs (Levitra); 10 mg ODT (Staxyn) (1) · 225 mg/1.5 mL prefilled syringe or autoinjector (1) · 25 mg, 50 mg tablets (1) · 5 mg, 10 mg tablets (1) · 5 mg, 10 mg, 15 mg, 20 mg tablets (1)

10 mg/d (1) · 20 mg/d (2) · 240 mg loading + 120 mg/month for migraine; 300 mg/month for cluster (1) · 34 mg/d (1) · 50 mg/d (1) · 675 mg/quarter (1)

Oral (5) · Subcutaneous (2)

None · Hours · 30-60 minutes · 1-2 hours · ~30 min · LDL lowering at 2 weeks, max by 4 weeks · ~1 hour · 15-30 minutes · 15–30 min · 1–2 h · 30–60 min · Antidepressant effect emerges over 1-2 weeks · BP and symptomatic LUTS improvement within 1-2 weeks · BP effect within 1-2 weeks · Clinical improvement within 24-72 hours · Days · Motor improvement over days at therapeutic dose · Over weeks · Postprandial glucose effect within days; HbA1c by 12 weeks · Sleep effect from first dose; antidepressant effect over 1-4 weeks

Other values:

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4–5 h (1) · Daily dosing (1) · Monthly dosing (1) · Monthly or quarterly dosing (1) · ~7-8 hours (3)

4–5 h (1) · ~12 hours (1) · ~17-19 hours (longer than daridorexant) (1) · ~27 days (1) · ~31 days (1) · ~57 hours (parent), ~200 h (active metabolite) (1) · ~8 hours (shorter than suvorexant and lemborexant) (1)

Not characterized; oral dosing once daily (1) · Not formally established (1) · Not formally established (high SC) (1) · ~15% (extensive hepatic first-pass) (1) · ~44% (1) · ~62% (1) · ~82% (1)

Category B (1) · Limited data; avoid (6)

Rx (2) · Rx, Schedule IV (US) (3) · Rx-only in US (1) · Rx. FDA black-box warning for increased mortality in elderly patients with dementia-related psychosis (class warning shared with all antipsychotics) (1)