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Drilldown: Medicines
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Choose a table:
Medicines (732)
Medicines
> uses:
None
&
onset
:
HbA1c effect at 12-16 weeks (slower than other classes)
or
None
Use the filters below to narrow your results.
generic:
brand:
None
(237)
Other values:
Akineton
Alfenta
Amerge
Amidate
Amytal
Anafranil
Antabuse
Apokyn
Aptiom
Artane
Aurorix
Axert
Azilect
Banzel
Benzedrex
Betapace
Brevibloc
Brevital
Briviact
Cafergot
Campral
Captagon
Cerebyx
Cesamet
Chantix
Cogentin
Compazine
Comtan
Corgard
Dalmane
Darvon
Demerol
Depakote
Dexedrine
DHE
Diacomit
Dilantin
Dilaudid
Diprivan
Doral
Doriden
Dostinex
Dramamine
Duragesic
DXM
DXO
Edronax
Eldepryl
Epidiolex
Exelon
Fanapt
Felbatol
Feldene
Fetzima
Fintepla
Frova
Fycompa
Gabitril
Geodon
Halcion
Heroin
Hetlioz
Imovane
Inapsine
Invega
ketalar
Krokodil
Latuda
Lexotan
Librium
Loxitane
Lucemyra
Ludiomil
Luminal
Lunesta
Marinol
Marplan
Mellaril
Miltown
Moban
Mogadon
Narcan
Nardil
Navane
Nembutal
Neupro
Norflex
Norpramin
Nubain
Nucynta
Nuvigil
O-DSMT
Onfi
Ongentys
Opana
Orap
Parafon Forte
Parlodel
Parnate
Pentothal
Placidyl
Precedex
Prolixin
ProSom
Quaalude
Qulipta
Razadyne
Relpax
Restoril
Reyvow
Rohypnol
Rozerem
Sabril
Saphris
Sativex
Savella
Seconal
Selincro
Serax
Serzone
Sinemet
Skelaxin
Soma
Sonata
Stablon
Stadol
Stelazine
Sufenta
Surmontil
Symmetrel
Talwin
Tantum
Tasmar
THIP
Thorazine
Tofranil
Transderm
Tranxene
Trilafon
Tylenol, Panadol
Ubrelvy
Ultiva
Unisom
Valdoxan
Versed
Vicodin
Vimpat
Vivactil
Xadago
Xcopri
Xyrem
Zarontin
Zomig
Zonegran
Search
classes:
Research material (131)
·
Classic Psychedelic (69)
·
Stimulant (43)
·
Opioid (29)
·
Sedative-Hypnotic (29)
·
Tryptamine (26)
·
Phenethylamine (25)
·
Botanical (23)
·
Benzodiazepine (22)
·
Anticonvulsant (19)
·
Dissociative (19)
·
Antidepressant (17)
·
Antiparkinsonian (16)
·
Antipsychotic (16)
·
Empathogen (16)
·
Analgesic (15)
·
Neuroleptic (15)
·
Cathinone (14)
·
Nootropic (13)
·
Lysergamide (12)
Other values:
_none
AChE inhibitor
Addiction medicine
Alpha-2 agonist
Amphetamine
Amphetamine-like
Analgesic / antipyretic
Anesthetic
Anesthetic adjunct
Anti-dementia
Anticholinergic
Antiemetic
Antihistamine
Anxiolytic
Barbiturate
Benzofuran
Beta blocker
Cannabinoid
Cannabinoid (minor)
COMT inhibitor
Decongestant
Deliriant
Dopamine agonist
Ergotamine
Eugeroic
GABAergic
Gepant
GLP-1 receptor agonist
Inhalant
Inhalational anesthetic
Local anesthetic
MAO-B inhibitor
MAOI
Migraine medicine
Mood Stabilizer
Muscle relaxant
Neuromuscular blocker
NRI
NSAID
Oneirogen
Opioid antagonist
Peptide
Pharmaceutical
Phenidate
phytocannabinoid
Piperazine
precursor cannabinoid
Psychedelic
Psychostimulant
Pyrrolidinophenone
Racetam
RIMA
SARI
Sedative
SNRI
Synthetic cannabinoid
TCA
THC oxidation product
Thienodiazepine
Trace amine
Triptan
Xanthine
Z-drug
[[:Category:Classical Psychedelics (Serotonergic)|Classic Psychedelic]]
[[:Category:Tryptamines|Tryptamine]]
Search
mechanism:
5-HT2A agonist (27)
·
GABAA positive allosteric modulator (22)
·
None
(11)
·
Monoamine releasing agent (11)
·
CB1/CB2 agonist (7)
·
Potent mu-opioid receptor agonist (6)
·
Sodium channel blocker (6)
·
Dopamine/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (5)
·
GABAA potentiator; NMDA antagonist (5)
·
Phenothiazine D2 antagonist (5)
·
Potent 5-HT2A agonist (5)
·
5-HT1B/1D agonist (4)
·
LSD analogue; 5-HT2A agonist (4)
·
Mu-opioid receptor agonist (4)
·
Muscarinic receptor antagonist (4)
·
Prodrug of LSD; 5-HT2A agonist (4)
·
Selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (4)
Other values:
1-acetyl-LSD; prodrug of LSD
5-HT1B/1D agonist; alpha-adrenergic agonist
5-HT1B/1D agonist; long half-life
5-HT1F receptor agonist
5-HT2A agonist; 5-HT3 antagonist
5-HT2A agonist; D2 partial agonist
5-HT2A agonist; long duration
5-HT2A agonist; MAO inhibitor
5-HT2A agonist; milder than other 2C-x
5-HT2A agonist; minor psilocybin mushroom alkaloid
5-HT2A agonist; primarily auditory effects
5-HT2A agonist; sigma-1 agonist
5-HT2A partial agonist; sigma-1 agonist
5-HT2C agonist; 5-HT2A antagonist; serotonin releasing agent
5HT1a
Acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitor
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor; nicotinic ACh receptor modulator
ACTH analogue; BDNF upregulator
Active metabolite of DXM; NMDA antagonist
Active metabolite of tramadol; mu-opioid agonist
Adenosine receptor antagonist
Adenosine receptor antagonist; dopaminergic
Adenosine receptor antagonist; phosphodiesterase inhibitor
Aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor
Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist
Alpha-adrenergic agonist; monoamine releaser
Alpha-methylated amphetamine analogue; norepinephrine releasing agent
AMPA modulator; catecholaminergic
AMPA receptor antagonist
AMPA receptor modulator
AMPA receptor positive allosteric modulator
AMPA/NMDA modulator; NGF/BDNF upregulation
Anticholinergic; NMDA antagonist
Apomorphine and nuciferine; dopaminergic activity
Biphasic activity at CB1: neutral antagonist at low doses, partial agonist at high doses; partial agonist at CB2.
Butyrophenone D2 antagonist
Cathinone analogue; monoamine reuptake inhibitor
CB1 partial agonist
CB1 partial agonist (lower potency than delta-9)
CB1/CB2 agonist (higher potency than THC)
CB1/CB2 partial agonist
Central and peripheral COMT inhibitor
CGRP receptor antagonist
CNS mechanism incompletely understood
Competitive mu/kappa/delta opioid receptor antagonist
Contains atropine, scopolamine, hyoscyamine
Contains bufotenin and DMT
Contains harmine, harmaline, tetrahydroharmine
Contains ibogaine; kappa-opioid agonist
Contains LSA
Contains mescaline
Contains muscimol and ibotenic acid
Contains psilocybin and psilocin
Contains salvinorin A
D1/D2/D3 receptor agonist
D2 agonist; D1 partial agonist
D2 receptor agonist
D2 receptor antagonist; also H1, alpha-1, muscarinic antagonist
D2/5-HT2A antagonist
D2/5-HT2A antagonist; 5-HT7 antagonist
D2/5-HT2A antagonist; active metabolite of risperidone
D2/5-HT2A antagonist; SRI and NRI
Dibenzoxazepine D2/5-HT2 antagonist
Dihydroindolone D2 antagonist
Diphenhydramine salt; H1 antagonist
Diphenylbutylpiperidine D2 antagonist
DMT + MAOI (harmine/harmaline); 5-HT2A agonist
DMT-containing plant used in psychedelic preparations
Dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
Dopamine and serotonin reuptake inhibitor; actoprotector
Dopamine precursor
Dopamine precursor + DOPA decarboxylase inhibitor
Dopamine reuptake inhibitor; tropane analogue
Extremely potent 5-HT2A agonist; vasoconstrictor
Extremely potent 5-HT2A agonist; very long duration
Extremely potent GABAA positive allosteric modulator
Extremely potent mu-opioid receptor agonist
Fluorinated phenibut; GABAB agonist
Full CB1/CB2 agonist
GABA enhancer; sodium channel blocker; histone deacetylase inhibitor
GABA reuptake inhibitor (GAT-1 blocker)
GABAA agonist
GABAA modulator; glycine receptor agonist
GABAA modulator; meprobamate prodrug
GABAA positive allosteric modulator (non-benzodiazepine)
GABAA positive allosteric modulator; lactate dehydrogenase inhibitor
GABAA positive allosteric modulator; low sedation
GABAA positive allosteric modulator; prodrug of desmethyldiazepam
GABAA positive allosteric modulator; very long half-life
GABAA potentiator
GABAA potentiator and direct activator
GABAA potentiator; glycine receptor agonist
GABAA potentiator; possible glycine/NMDA modulation
GABAA potentiator; ultra-short-acting
GABAB agonist; alpha-2-delta calcium channel ligand
GABAB agonist; GHB receptor agonist
Glutamate receptor agonist
Glutamate receptor antagonist; GABA modulator
H1 antagonist; muscarinic antagonist
H1 receptor antagonist
High-affinity choline uptake enhancer
Highly potent mu-opioid receptor agonist
Indirect sympathomimetic; norepinephrine releaser
Irreversible GABA-T inhibitor
Irreversible non-selective MAO inhibitor
Irreversible selective MAO-B inhibitor
Kappa agonist; mu antagonist
Kappa agonist; mu partial agonist
Kappa agonist; mu partial agonist/antagonist
Kappa-opioid agonist; NMDA antagonist; SERT/DAT/NET inhibitor
Kappa-opioid receptor agonist
Kavalactones; GABAA modulator; sigma receptor activity
Local anti-inflammatory; TRPA1 antagonist at therapeutic doses
Lysergic acid 2,4-dimethylazetidide; 5-HT2A agonist
Lysergic acid hydroxyethylamide; 5-HT2A agonist
MAO inhibitor; monoamine releasing agent
MAO inhibitor; serotonin releasing agent
MAO-B inhibitor; sodium channel blocker; glutamate release inhibitor
Mechanism incompletely understood
Melatonin receptor agonist
Melatonin receptor agonist; 5-HT2C antagonist
Methaqualone analogue; GABAA potentiator
Mitragynine/7-hydroxymitragynine; mu-opioid partial agonist
Monoamine releasing agent; 5-HT2A agonist
Monoamine releasing agent; 5-HT2A agonist; MAO inhibitor
Monoamine releasing agent; active ingredient in khat
Monoamine releasing agent; serotonergic at higher doses
Monoamine reuptake inhibitor; sodium channel blocker
Mu-opioid agonist; modulates glutamate AMPA receptors
Mu-opioid agonist; norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
Mu-opioid receptor agonist; fentanyl analogue
Mu-opioid receptor agonist; prodrug (metabolized to morphine)
Mu-opioid receptor agonist; sodium channel blocker
Mu/delta antagonist; kappa partial agonist
Mu/kappa/delta agonist; NMDA antagonist
Multi-receptor antagonist (D2, 5-HT2A, H1, alpha)
Multiple mechanisms; GPR55 antagonist; TRPV1 agonist
Muscarinic receptor antagonist; dopamine reuptake inhibitor
N-methyl analogue of 2-AI
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist
NMDA antagonist
NMDA antagonist; dopamine releasing agent
NMDA antagonist; endogenous opioid releaser
NMDA antagonist; fluorinated ketamine analogue
NMDA antagonist; GABAA modulator
NMDA antagonist; GABAA potentiator
NMDA antagonist; kappa-opioid agonist
NMDA antagonist; ketamine analogue
NMDA antagonist; more stimulating than PCP
NMDA antagonist; opioid agonist
NMDA antagonist; potent opioid agonist
NMDA antagonist; SERT inhibitor; sigma-1 agonist
NMDA antagonist; sigma receptor agonist
NMDA antagonist; sigma receptor agonist; dopaminergic
NMDA antagonist; sigma-1 agonist; serotonin reuptake inhibitor
NMDA-receptor antagonism
Non-selective dopamine receptor agonist
Norepinephrine and dopamine releasing agent
Norepinephrine releaser
Norepinephrine/dopamine releasing agent
Norepinephrine/dopamine reuptake inhibitor
Norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor
Once-daily COMT inhibitor
Opioid receptor partial agonist/antagonist; toxic alkaloid
Partial CB1/CB2 agonist
Partial MAOI; anticholinergic effects
Partial mu-opioid receptor agonist; alpha-2 agonist
Partial nicotinic ACh receptor agonist
Peripheral COMT inhibitor
Phosphodiesterase inhibitor; calcium channel blocker
Potent 5-HT2A agonist; no oral activity
Potent 5-HT2A agonist; sigma-1 agonist
Potent 5-HT2A agonist; very long duration
Potent dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
Potent dopamine/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
Potent serotonin reuptake inhibitor; also NRI
Prodrug of 4-HO-DET; 5-HT2A agonist
Prodrug of 4-HO-DiPT; 5-HT2A agonist
Prodrug of 4-HO-MET; 5-HT2A agonist
Prodrug of 4-HO-MiPT; 5-HT2A agonist
Prodrug of amphetamine + theophylline
Prodrug of GHB
Prodrug of modafinil
Prodrug of morphine; mu-opioid receptor agonist
Prodrug of phenytoin; sodium channel blocker
Prodrug of psilocin; 5-HT2A agonist
R-enantiomer of modafinil; mechanism incompletely understood
Reversible inhibitor of MAO-A
Reversible MAO-A inhibitor; beta-carboline
Reversible MAO-A inhibitor; NMDA antagonist; beta-carboline
Selective alpha-2A adrenergic receptor agonist
Selective GABAA agonist (extrasynaptic delta subunit)
Selective M1 muscarinic antagonist
Selective mu-opioid receptor agonist
Semi-synthetic; CB1 agonist
Serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
Serotonin precursor; 5-hydroxytryptophan
Serotonin releaser; sigma-1 agonist
Serotonin releasing agent
Serotonin releasing agent; 5-HT2A agonist
Serotonin releasing agent; monoamine reuptake inhibitor
Serotonin reuptake inhibitor and 5-HT2A antagonist
Serotonin/dopamine/norepinephrine releasing agent; 5-HT2A agonist
Serotonin/norepinephrine/dopamine releasing agent
Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
Slow-inactivation sodium channel enhancer; CRMP-2 ligand
Sodium channel blocker; GABAA positive allosteric modulator
Sodium channel modulator
Sodium/T-type calcium channel blocker; carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
Source of DMT-class tryptamines
Source of [[DMT]], bufotenine, and 5-MeO-DMT
Source of [[DMT|N,N-dimethyltryptamine]]
SV2A ligand (higher affinity than levetiracetam)
Synthetic cannabinoid; CB1/CB2 agonist
Synthetic THC; CB1/CB2 agonist
T-type calcium channel blocker
THC + CBD; CB1/CB2 agonist
Thioxanthene D2 antagonist
Trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) agonist; monoamine releaser
Ultra-short-acting mu-opioid agonist
Very potent 5-HT2A agonist; long duration
Weak CB1 partial agonist; weak CB2 partial agonist; multiple secondary targets.
Weak partial agonist at CB1 and CB2; alpha-2 adrenergic agonist; 5-HT1A antagonist; multiple TRP channel effects.
Weak serotonin reuptake inhibitor; beta-carboline
Weak SRI; primarily H1/D2/alpha antagonist
Search
uses:
(Click arrow to add another value)
None
·
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·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000008-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000009-QINU`"'
·
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000001B-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001F-QINU`"'
·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000017-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000018-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000019-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001A-QINU`"'
·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000019-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001A-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001B-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001C-QINU`"'
·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000006-QINU`"'
·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000017-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000018-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000019-QINU`"'
·
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000001D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000020-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000021-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000022-QINU`"'
·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000021-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000022-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000023-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000024-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000025-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000026-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000027-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000028-QINU`"'
·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000013-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000014-QINU`"'
·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000015-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000016-QINU`"'
·
Preventive treatment of migraine in adults (episodic and chronic)
·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000015-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000016-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000017-QINU`"'
·
(investigational) '"`UNIQ--vote-000000EF-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000000F0-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000000F1-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000000F2-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000000F3-QINU`"'
·
Acute treatment of migraine with or without aura in adults
·
ADHD in children (6+), adolescents, and adults (FDA-approved 2021 for pediatric, 2022 for adult)
·
ADHD, narcolepsy
·
Alzheimer disease (FDA accelerated approval June 2021; '''withdrawn from market January 2024''' by manufacturer Biogen). At time of approval indicated for MCI or mild dementia stage of AD.
·
Alzheimer disease (MCI or mild dementia stage), FDA-approved July 2024
Other values:
Alzheimer disease (MCI or mild dementia stage); FDA accelerated approval Jan 2023 → traditional approval July 2023
Chronic migraine (≥15 headache days/month), cervical dystonia, blepharospasm, hyperhidrosis, overactive bladder, urinary incontinence, strabismus, spasticity, cosmetic problems
Depression, anxiety, neuropathic pain, fibromyalgia, chronic musculoskeletal pain
Excessive daytime sleepiness in adults with narcolepsy or obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)
Excessive daytime sleepiness or cataplexy in adults with narcolepsy (FDA-approved August 2019)
Hallucinations and delusions associated with Parkinson's disease psychosis (PDP). Investigational for psychosis in other dementias and as augmentation for depression.
Insomnia (sleep onset and/or maintenance) in adults (FDA-approved August 2014). Also studied for insomnia in mild-moderate Alzheimer disease.
Insomnia (sleep onset and/or maintenance) in adults (FDA-approved Dec 2019)
Insomnia (sleep onset and/or sleep maintenance) in adults (FDA-approved Jan 2022)
Investigational for major depressive disorder; trials underway (phase 3 mixed results)
Major depressive disorder in adults (FDA-approved 2011)
Major depressive disorder in adults (FDA-approved 2013). Notable for evidence of cognitive benefit (processing speed) that distinguishes it from other antidepressants.
Major depressive disorder in adults (FDA-approved August 2022)
Mild to moderate pain; cough suppression (low-dose).
No approved medical problem. Encountered as a designer/research benzodiazepine and, increasingly, as an adulterant in illicit opioid supplies.
Pain, cough, disquiet
Postpartum depression (PPD) in adults
Postpartum depression (PPD) in adults (FDA-approved 2023)
Preventive treatment of migraine in adults
Preventive treatment of migraine in adults; episodic cluster headache
Schizophrenia (FDA-approved 2015). Acute manic or mixed episodes of bipolar I disorder. Bipolar I depression (FDA-approved 2019). Adjunctive treatment of major depressive disorder (FDA-approved Dec 2022).
Schizophrenia (FDA-approved 2015). Adjunctive treatment of major depressive disorder (2015). '''Agitation associated with dementia due to Alzheimer disease''' (FDA-approved May 2023, first agent specifically approved for this problem). Investigational for PTSD (combined with sertraline).
Schizophrenia (FDA-approved Dec 2019). Bipolar depression as monotherapy or adjunct to lithium/valproate (FDA-approved Dec 2021).
Schizophrenia, acute psychosis, agitation, delirium, Tourette syndrome, severe nausea
Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) in adults, as adjunct to oral antidepressant (FDA-approved March 2019). Depressive symptoms in adults with MDD with acute suicidal ideation or behavior (FDA-approved Aug 2020).
[[Type 2 diabetes mellitus]] (adjunct, second-line)
[[Type 2 diabetes mellitus]] (incl. pediatric ≥10 y) · [[Obesity]] (incl. pediatric ≥12 y) · [[Cardiovascular risk reduction]] in T2DM
[[Type 2 diabetes mellitus]] · [[Cardiovascular risk reduction]] in T2DM
[[Type 2 diabetes mellitus]] · [[Obesity]] · [[Cardiovascular risk reduction]] in obesity without diabetes · [[MASH]] with stage 2–3 fibrosis · [[Chronic kidney disease]] in T2DM
[[Type 2 diabetes mellitus]] · [[Obesity]] · [[Obstructive sleep apnea]] in obesity
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'"`UNIQ--vote-00000011-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000013-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000017-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000018-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000019-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001A-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000018-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000019-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001A-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001B-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001C-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000019-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001A-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001B-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001D-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000001B-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001E-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000001B-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000020-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000001C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000020-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000001D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000020-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000021-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000001F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000020-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000021-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000022-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000023-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000024-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000025-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000026-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000020-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000021-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000022-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000023-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000024-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000025-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000021-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000022-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000023-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000024-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000021-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000022-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000023-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000024-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000025-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000026-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000027-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000023-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000024-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000025-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000026-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000027-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000028-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000029-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000002A-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000033-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000034-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000035-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000034-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000035-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000039-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000003A-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000003B-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000003C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000003D-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000040-QINU`"'
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'"`UNIQ--vote-00000D38-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000D39-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000D3A-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000D3B-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000D3C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000D3D-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000D57-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000D58-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000D7C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000D7D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000D7E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000D7F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000D80-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000D81-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000D9E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000D9F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000DA0-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000DBE-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000DBF-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000DC0-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000DC1-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000DDF-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000DE0-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000DE1-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000DE2-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000DFC-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000DFD-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000E23-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000E24-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000E25-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000E26-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000E27-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000E28-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000E29-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000E2A-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000E4C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000E4D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000E4E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000E4F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000E50-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000E51-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000E71-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000E72-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000E73-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000E74-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000E75-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000E91-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000E92-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000E93-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000EAF-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000EB0-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000EB1-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000ECF-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000ED0-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000ED1-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000ED2-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000EF4-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000EF5-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000EF6-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000EF7-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000EF8-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000F1B-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000F1C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000F1D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000F1E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000F1F-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000F40-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000F41-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000F42-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000F43-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000F44-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000F5C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000F5D-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000F78-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000F79-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000F7A-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000F98-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000F99-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000F9A-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000F9B-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000FB3-QINU`"', '''adjunctive only''' (does not treat the underlying infection)
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000FCF-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000FD0-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000FD1-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000FF3-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000FF4-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000FF5-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000FF6-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000FF7-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000FF8-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00001016-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001017-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001018-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001019-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00001035-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001036-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001037-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000104E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000104F-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00001069-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000106A-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000108C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000108D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000108E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000108F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001090-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001091-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-000010AF-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000010B0-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000010B1-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000010B2-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-000010CE-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000010CF-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000010D0-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000111D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000111E-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000113C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000113D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000113E-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000115F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001160-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001161-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001162-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001163-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000117B-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00001199-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000119A-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000119B-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-000011BA-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000011BB-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000011BC-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000011BD-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-000011D7-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000011D8-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-000011F6-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000011F7-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000011F8-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00001215-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001216-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001217-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00001235-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001236-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001237-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001238-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000124D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000124E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000124F-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000126B-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000126C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000126D-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00001286-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000129E-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-000012B7-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000012B8-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000012B9-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000012BA-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000012BB-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-000012CE-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000012CF-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000012D0-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-000012E5-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000012E6-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000012E7-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000012E8-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00001303-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001304-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001305-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001306-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001307-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001308-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001309-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000131A-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000131B-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000132E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000132F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001330-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00001341-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001342-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00001358-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001359-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00001372-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001373-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00001393-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001394-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001395-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001396-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001397-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-000013B3-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000013B4-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000013B5-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-000013CF-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000013D0-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-000013F0-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000013F1-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000013F2-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000013F3-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000013F4-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00001414-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001415-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001416-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001417-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001418-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000143C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000143D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000143E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000143F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001440-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001441-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000145E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000145F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001460-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000147C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000147D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000147E-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000149A-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000149B-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000149C-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-000014BE-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000014BF-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000014C0-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000014C1-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000014C2-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-000014DF-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000014E0-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000014E1-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-000014F9-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00001515-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001516-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000152F-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000154B-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000154C-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00001567-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-00001582-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000159D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000159E-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-000015B6-QINU`"'
'"`UNIQ--vote-000015D0-QINU`"'
Search
starting dose:
None
(391)
preparations:
None
(391)
fda max:
None
(391)
routes:
None
(391)
onset:
(Click arrow to add another value)
None
·
Hours
·
30-60 minutes
·
1-2 hours
·
~30 min
·
LDL lowering at 2 weeks, max by 4 weeks
·
~1 hour
·
15-30 minutes
·
15–30 min
·
1–2 h
·
30–60 min
·
Antidepressant effect emerges over 1-2 weeks
·
BP and symptomatic LUTS improvement within 1-2 weeks
·
BP effect within 1-2 weeks
·
Clinical improvement within 24-72 hours
·
Days
·
Motor improvement over days at therapeutic dose
·
Over weeks
·
Postprandial glucose effect within days; HbA1c by 12 weeks
·
Sleep effect from first dose; antidepressant effect over 1-4 weeks
Other values:
'''Anxiolytic effect emerges over 2-4 weeks'''; buspirone does NOT work for acute anxiety, which is the central teaching point and the most common cause of treatment failure
1 hour PO; minutes IV
1-2 hours (oral)
1-2 hours (slower than immediate-release amphetamine because activation requires enzymatic cleavage in red blood cells)
1-2 hours PO
1-2 hours for migraine relief
1-2 weeks for antidepressant effect; smoking-cessation effect builds over the first 1-2 weeks
1-2 weeks for neuropathic pain and anxiolytic effect; anticonvulsant effect at therapeutic plasma level
1-3 days
1-3 hours (slower onset than cetirizine; symptom relief somewhat less)
10 minutes (SC); 15-30 minutes (nasal); 30-60 minutes (oral)
10-30 minutes
10-30 minutes (IR)
15 minutes
15-20 minutes
15-30 minutes (oral)
15-30 minutes (oral); 1-2 minutes (IV)
15-60 minutes (oral); 1-5 minutes (IV); 4-10 minutes (rectal or intranasal)
15–30 min (fasting)
1–2 h (PO), immediate (IV)
1–2 h (PO); immediate (IV)
1–2 weeks for muscle effects; preventive migraine benefit accrues over 12-week cycles
2-3 hours per dose; full acid suppression after 3-5 days
20 minutes (oral); 5 minutes (IV)
20-45 min subjective onset; psilocin formation from psilocybin requires intestinal and hepatic alkaline phosphatase
20-60 minutes
20–60 min (oral)
30 min
30 minutes
30 minutes (IM); 30-60 minutes (oral)
30 minutes PO; minutes IV
30 minutes for migraine relief
30-60 min (IR oral); 2-3 days to steady state (transdermal patch)
30-60 min (immediate-release); 1-2 h (extended-release)
30-60 min (sedation); days to weeks (neuroleptic effect)
30-60 minutes (IR)
30-60 minutes (PO)
30-60 minutes (immediate-release oral)
30-60 minutes (oral)
30-60 minutes (oral); 5 minutes (IV); 15-30 minutes (IM)
30-60 minutes (oral); rapid relief in acute gout
30-60 minutes (oral); slower for topical
30–60 min (PO)
30–60 min (SL)
30–60 minutes
30–90 min
4-6 weeks for full antidepressant effect (claimed earlier onset for some patients due to 5HT1A partial agonism)
45-75 min (oral)
5-10 minutes (IV); 30 minutes (oral IR); slower for ER and rectal
<1 minute (IV); 1-2 minutes (infiltration); 30+ minutes (patch on adult skin, faster on thinner pediatric skin)
ADHD effect emerges over 1-2 weeks (slower than psychostimulants); full effect 4-6 weeks
ADHD symptom improvement reported within 1-2 weeks (faster than atomoxetine which takes 4-6 weeks)
AF conversion within hours of single PO dose
Acid suppression within hours; full effect after 3-5 days of dosing
Acute: minutes (IV); chronic: bone effect over months
Amyloid PET clearance within months; cognitive benefit over 18 months
Analgesia within 30 minutes; full anti-inflammatory effect over days
Analgesia within hours; anti-inflammatory effect over days
Analgesic effect within hours; full anti-inflammatory effect over 1-2 weeks
Anti-inflammatory effect within 24 hours of gout flare onset; loses effectiveness if delayed
Anticoagulant effect at 24-72 hours; full INR effect 5-7 days
Anticonvulsant effect emerges with slow titration over weeks; tremor effect over weeks
Anticonvulsant effect within days at therapeutic level; migraine prophylaxis effect emerges over 2-3 months
Anticonvulsant effect within days at therapeutic plasma level
Anticonvulsant effect within days at therapeutic plasma level; rapid titration possible
Anticonvulsant effect within days; mood-stabilizing effect 1-3 weeks
Anticonvulsant effect within days; trigeminal neuralgia relief 24-72 hours; mood-stabilizing effect over weeks
Antidepressant effect emerges over 1-2 weeks; full clinical effect 4-6 weeks
Antidepressant effect over 1-2 weeks; anxiolytic effect over 4-6 weeks
Antidepressant effect over 1-2 weeks; full clinical effect 4-6 weeks
Antidepressant effect within hours of infusion start; sustained at 30 days
Antiepileptic effect within days at therapeutic level; mood-stabilizing effect emerges over weeks
Antihypertensive effect within 1 week; heart-failure mortality benefit accrues over months of titration
Antimanic effects begin within 5-7 days of reaching therapeutic serum levels, with full response often requiring 2-3 weeks. For acute mania, a neuroleptic is typically added for rapid sedation while lithium takes effect.'"`UNIQ--ref-00000053-QINU`"'
Antiplatelet effect within 2 hours of a loading dose; steady-state at 5-7 days of maintenance dosing
Antiplatelet effect within 30 minutes of loading dose (faster than clopidogrel)
Antiplatelet effect within 30-60 minutes; analgesic effect 30-60 minutes
Antipsychotic effect over weeks
Anxiolysis classically 3-4 weeks, continuing improvement to 8-12 weeks
Appetite suppression within hours; weight loss over weeks-months
BP effect 1 hour; max at 4-6 hours
BP effect 1-2 hours; max at 6 hours
BP effect 1-2 weeks; antihypertensive peak 3-6 weeks
BP effect 1-2 weeks; max at 2-3 weeks
BP effect 2 hours; max at 4-6 weeks
BP effect within 24 hours; full effect at 1-2 weeks (long half-life)
BP effect within hours (oral); 5-10 minutes (IV)
BP effect within hours (oral); IOP reduction within 30 minutes, full effect 1-2 weeks (ophthalmic)
BP effect within hours; full effect over 1-2 weeks
BP lowering within 1 hour; max at 6 hours
BP lowering within 1 hour; max effect at 6 hours
BPH symptom improvement at 3-6 months; prostate volume reduction over 6-12 months; hair regrowth at 6-12 months
Benefit over weeks of dosing
Biochemical improvement within 2-4 weeks; full euthyroid state 6-12 weeks
Bone marker reduction within weeks; BMD improvement at 1-3 years; fracture-risk reduction documented at 3-5 years
Bowel movement within 1 week; abdominal pain improvement over weeks
Bronchodilation 15-30 minutes
Bronchodilation 30 minutes; steady-state at 1-2 weeks
Bronchodilation within 1-2 hours; full controller effect 1-2 weeks
Caries reduction over months to years of consistent use
Clinical and mycologic cure follows the full course; nail clearance over months of regrowth
Cognitive effect emerges gradually over weeks to months; ceiling effect at the therapeutic dose
Cognitive effect emerges gradually over weeks to months; symptomatic effect only
Component effects accumulate over weeks
Constipation: 1-3 days; bowel prep: 1-3 hours after starting
Constipation: 24-48 hours; HE: ammonia reduction within hours of stool production
Contraception within 48 hours of starting (POP); endometrial effects days
Contraceptive within 24 hours if given in first 5 days of cycle; otherwise backup for 7 days
Day 3 of dosing in trials; sustained through day 45
Days for calcium effect; weeks for PTH suppression
Days for dermatophyte clearance; nail clearance over months
Days for immunosuppressive effect
Days for symptom improvement in scurvy
Days to weeks for tissue saturation
Days to weeks to raise 25(OH)D; clinical effect on bone over months
Diuresis at 2 hours; antihypertensive effect within days, max at 3-4 weeks
Diuresis at 2-3 hours; BP effect over weeks
Effect demonstrated within 24 hours in some patients
Effects accumulate over weeks; assess at 8 weeks
Estrogen suppression within days; clinical effect over months
First bowel movement within 1-2 hours
Glucose lowering within days; HbA1c effect at 8-12 weeks
Glycemic effect within days; full weight effect over months'"`UNIQ--ref-00000301-QINU`"'
Glycemic effect within days; near-maximal HbA1c effect by 4 weeks at any given dose'"`UNIQ--ref-00000057-QINU`"'
Glycemic effect within days; weight effect over weeks to months'"`UNIQ--ref-00000188-QINU`"'
Glycemic effect within days;<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> full weight effect over months'"`UNIQ--ref-00000250-QINU`"'
Glycemic effect within hours (Byetta); weeks (Bydureon, extended-release microsphere)'"`UNIQ--ref-000000EA-QINU`"'
Glycosuria within hours; HbA1c effect at 12 weeks; CV/renal benefits over months
Glycosuria within hours; HbA1c effect at 12 weeks; cardiovascular and renal benefits over months
Gradual; full clinical effect over 2-4 weeks of titration
HbA1c effect at 12-16 weeks (slower than other classes)
Headache relief at 30-60 minutes
Hematologic response within days
Hours (PO); IV faster but rate-limited
Hours (faster than T4); peak biologic activity 24-48 hours
Hours (systemic); minutes (ophthalmic)
Hours (transdermal); days (IM esters)
Hours to days
Hours to days for inflammation; substantial improvement within 1 week
IM: 5-10 minutes; IV: seconds; nebulized: 5-10 minutes
IOP lowering at 1 hour; max at 2-3 hours
IOP lowering at 2 hours; max at 4 hours
IOP lowering at 3-4 hours; maximum at 8-12 hours
IOP lowering at 4 hours, maximum at 8-12 hours; eyelash effect after 2 months
IR 20 minutes; ER ~6 hours
IR: 30–60 min; XR: 1–2 h to peak effect
IV pulse: hours; PO: hours; intra-articular: days
IV/IM 1-3 minutes; PO 30-60 minutes
IV: 1-3 minutes (SVT termination); PO IR: 30-60 minutes; ER: hours
IV: 3-7 minutes (rate control); PO IR: 30-60 minutes; ER: hours
IV: 5 minutes; PO: 30-60 minutes
IV: 5-20 minutes; PO: 30-60 minutes
IV: minutes; IM benzathine: depot levels last weeks
IV: minutes; oral: weeks to load
Immediate (IV)
Immediate (IV); within minutes (oral antacid)
Immediate intravascular expansion
Inhaled: 5-15 minutes; PO: 30 minutes
Inhaled: bronchial effect 1-2 weeks; nasal: symptom relief 12-24 hours; topical: hours
Inhaled: bronchial effect 1-2 weeks; oral GI effect 1-2 weeks
Intranasal: symptom relief 12-24 hours; inhaled: bronchial effect 1-2 weeks
LDL lowering at 1 week, max by 4 weeks
LDL lowering at 2 weeks, max by 4 weeks; cardiovascular benefit months to years
LDL lowering within 2 weeks
LDL reduction ~50-60% from baseline at 1-2 weeks
Lipid changes 4-8 weeks
Migraine effect after 1-3 months of daily use
Minutes
Modest appetite suppression within weeks; weight loss over months
Mood improvement at 1-3 weeks; full effect 4-6 weeks
Mood: 2–4 weeks. Pain: often within 1–2 weeks.
Mucosal protection within hours; ulcer healing over 2-4 weeks
Natriuresis at 2-3 days; endocrine effects (gynecomastia, antiandrogen action) over weeks
Neuroleptic effect emerges over days to weeks
Neuroleptic effect emerges over days to weeks; activation symptoms (akathisia, insomnia) often within days
Neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia effect emerges over 1-2 weeks
OCD effect over 1-2 weeks initial, with full effect typically 6-12 weeks; among the slowest SSRIs for OCD response
Onset of preventive effect over weeks; some patients respond after first dose
Oral analgesic effect 30-60 minutes; opioid-withdrawal suppression 30 minutes (oral); IV ~10 minutes
Oral peak plasma 1 hour; therapeutic opioid blockade within hours of first dose. IM Vivitrol: peak plasma 2-3 days; therapeutic blockade through the dosing interval.
Oral peak plasma 2.5 hours. Clinical antipsychotic response typically emerges over weeks with continued titration; full response assessment requires 3-6 months at adequate therapeutic levels.
Oral: hours; IV: minutes
PBA episode reduction within 1-2 weeks
PET Aβ reduction over months
PO 1 hour; IV 10 minutes
PO 1–2 h; IM 30–60 min; IV 5–20 min
PO 30-60 minutes; IV minutes
PO 6-12 hours; PR 15-60 minutes
PO: 30-60 minutes; IV: minutes
Pain and migraine prophylaxis effect 1-4 weeks; antidepressant effect 4-6 weeks
Pain relief reported within 15 min in trials
Peak anticoagulant effect 2-4 hours
Peak anticoagulant effect 3-4 hours
Peak plasma at 1-2 hours; clinical effect within 24-72 hours
Peak plasma concentration in 2-4 hours after oral administration. Clinically perceptible wakefulness-promoting effects typically begin within 1-2 hours of dosing.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup>
Prostate volume reduction over 6-12 months
Rapid (within 1 week in trials)
Reticulocyte response at 3-5 days; neurologic recovery weeks to months (and may be incomplete if longstanding)
Reticulocyte response at 7-10 days; hemoglobin rise of ~1 g/dL per 3 weeks
Rheumatologic effect at 4-8 weeks; ectopic resolution over 2-3 weeks
Rheumatologic effect at 6-12 weeks
SC: 5-15 minutes (Fiasp 2.5 minutes earlier on average)
SC: 5-15 minutes; ultra-rapid Lyumjev faster
SL/spray: 1-3 minutes; IV: minutes; patch: 30-60 minutes
SL: 2-5 minutes; PO mononitrate: 30-60 minutes
Seconds
Sedation from first dose; neuroleptic effect emerges over days to weeks
Sedation/dizziness within hours of oral dose; endometrial effects over days
Serum urate falls gradually over days to weeks; acute flare prevention requires colchicine cover during initiation
Significant antidepressant response by week 1 in trials (faster than monoaminergic antidepressants which take 4-6 weeks)
Sleep effect from first dose; analgesic and migraine-prophylaxis effect 1-4 weeks; antidepressant effect 4-6 weeks
Sleep effect within 30-60 minutes; antidepressant effect over 1-2 weeks
Slow, 2–6 h
Slowing of cognitive decline over 18 months (modest effect, ~27% relative slowing)
Smoked 2-5 min; insufflated 5-15 min; oral 30-60 min; IV / IM ~5-15 min
Sublingual analgesic effect 30-60 minutes; MOUD craving suppression within hours; Butrans patch steady-state in 3 days.
Symptom improvement within 1 week; peak effect at 4-6 weeks
Symptom improvement within 1-2 weeks
Symptom improvement within weeks
Symptom relief 1-4 days; full acid suppression after 3-5 days of dosing
Symptom relief within 24-48 hours
Symptom relief within 24-48 hours of starting episodic treatment
Symptom relief within 30 minutes
Symptom relief within 30-60 minutes
Symptom relief within days
Symptom shortening detectable within 24-48 hours of starting (small absolute benefit; ~1 day reduction in symptom duration)
Symptomatic effect within weeks; full response by 12-24 weeks
Symptomatic improvement 2-4 weeks
TSH normalization 4-8 weeks
TSH normalization 4-8 weeks; symptomatic improvement weeks to months
Topical hours; intra-articular days to weeks
Topical hours; oral days
Topical: inflammation, erythema, crusting at 2 weeks; complete response weeks to months after course
Topical: irritation within days; acne improvement 6-12 weeks; oral APL response within days
Triglyceride lowering at 2-4 weeks; max at 8 weeks
Triglyceride lowering at 4-8 weeks
Triglyceride lowering at 4-8 weeks; CV benefit emerges over months
Typical antidepressant 4-6 week onset
Urinary concentration adequate within hours
Vasomotor relief 2-4 weeks; bone density gains over months
Visible lightening at 4-12 weeks
Wake-promoting effect over weeks of titration
Weeks for psychosis/depression; AD agitation benefit emerges over weeks
Weeks for psychosis/mood efficacy
Weeks to raise 25(OH)D into reference range
Within 30 minutes (IR)
Within hours of first administration
Within minutes
~15 min (fastest of the PDE5 inhibitors)
~15–30 min
~20–40 min PO; faster sublingual/intranasal.
~30 minutes (oral)
~30-60 min
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duration:
None
(390)
·
About 20 minutes (1)
halflife:
None
(390)
·
9–12 minutes (intravenous) (1)
bioavailability:
None
(391)
pregnancy:
None
(391)
legal:
None
(390)
·
[[USLegal:DEA Schedule I|Schedule I]] (United States) (1)
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Drilldown: Medicines
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