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Medicines > routes

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Astelin, Astepro (intranasal); Optivar (ophthalmic); with fluticasone as Dymista (1) · Ativan (oral, injectable), Loreev XR (1) · Atrovent (inhaler, intranasal); also generic (1) · Bactroban, Centany (1) · EpiPen, EpiPen Jr, Auvi-Q, Adrenaclick, Symjepi; many generic (1) · Flonase (intranasal, OTC); Flovent (inhaled, asthma); Cutivate (topical) (1) · Imitrex (oral, injectable, nasal), Tosymra (nasal spray), Onzetra Xsail (nasal powder), Zembrace SymTouch (low-dose autoinjector), Sumavel DosePro (needle-free SC) (1) · Kenalog (injectable), Nasacort (intranasal), Aristocort (topical), Trianex (1) · Many OTC and Rx; Nascobal (intranasal); generic injection (1) · MS Contin (ER), Kadian (ER), Avinza (ER), Roxanol (IR oral solution), Duramorph (epidural / IT), Astramorph (IV), Infumorph (intrathecal pump), MorphaBond (IR abuse-deterrent) (1) · Nasonex (intranasal), Asmanex (inhaled), Elocon (topical), Sinuva (sinus implant); with formoterol as Dulera (1) · Normal saline, NaCl injection, many; nebulized: HyperSal, PulmoSal (1) · Patanol, Pataday (ophthalmic, now OTC), Patanase (intranasal) (1) · Prometrium (oral), Endometrin (vaginal), Crinone (vaginal gel), Prochieve (1) · Pulmicort (inhaled), Rhinocort (intranasal), Entocort EC and Uceris (enteric-coated oral for IBD), Symbicort (with formoterol) (1) · Reglan, Gimoti (intranasal), Metozolv ODT (1) · Robaxin (oral, injectable) (1) · Toradol (IV/IM, US brand discontinued), Sprix (nasal spray), Acular and Acuvail (ophthalmic) (1) · Trexall, Otrexup, Rasuvo, Xatmep, Rheumatrex (discontinued) (1) · Valium (oral, IV/IM, rectal), Diastat (rectal gel for breakthrough seizures), Valtoco (nasal spray for breakthrough seizures), Libervant (buccal film) (1) · Vistaril (pamoate), Atarax (HCl, discontinued in US as brand) (1) · Zavzpret (zavegepant) (1)

[[:Category:Corticosteroids|Corticosteroid]] (4) · [[:Category:Anxiolytics|Anxiolytic]] (3) · [[:Category:Glucocorticoids|Glucocorticoid]] (3) · [[:Category:Inhaled_corticosteroids|Inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)]] (3) · [[:Category:Analgesics|Analgesic]] (2) · [[:Category:H1_receptor_antagonists|Histamine H1 receptor antagonist]] (2) · [[:Category:Mast_cell_stabilizers|Mast cell stabilizer]] (2) · [[:Category:Schedule IV controlled substances|Schedule IV controlled substance]] (2)

Other values:

None (15) · Small-molecule CGRP receptor antagonist; intranasal formulation (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001D-QINU`"' '''QT prolongation''' risk at high doses prompted the FDA's 2015 caution against use in patients with prolonged QT or with concurrent QT-prolonging medicines'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001E-QINU`"'. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000037-QINU`"' Hypertonic 3% is the standard urgent treatment of severely symptomatic hyponatremia'"`UNIQ--ref-00000038-QINU`"'. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000009FD-QINU`"' Active against gram-positive cocci including MRSA; the unique target underlies the absence of cross-resistance with other antibiotic classes. High-level resistance (plasmid-mediated mupA) is rising and limits prolonged or repeated use'"`UNIQ--ref-000009FE-QINU`"'. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000E4A-QINU`"' The narrow safe-bolus window for IV use (sharp risk of arrhythmia, hypertensive emergency, intracerebral hemorrhage) is why anaphylaxis dosing is '''IM, not IV''', outside critical care'"`UNIQ--ref-00000E4B-QINU`"'. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000011D5-QINU`"' Minimal systemic absorption and the dual mechanism underlie its first-line role in seasonal allergic conjunctivitis. Comfort drops without preservatives are available for sensitive patients'"`UNIQ--ref-000011D6-QINU`"'. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000013B1-QINU`"' Topical application minimizes systemic antihistaminic burden; the characteristic bitter taste with nasal use (drainage to oropharynx) is the main tolerability issue'"`UNIQ--ref-000013B2-QINU`"'. (1)

Acute treatment of migraine with or without aura in adults (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000013-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000014-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000015-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000016-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001B-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001F-QINU`"' (2) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000020-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000021-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000022-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000020-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000021-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000022-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000023-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000024-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000025-QINU`"' (2) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000039-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000003A-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000003B-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000003C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000003D-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000001D9-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000001DA-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000001DB-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000001DC-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000607-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000608-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000609-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000060A-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000661-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000662-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000663-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000664-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000665-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000722-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000723-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000724-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000725-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000007C1-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000007C2-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000007C3-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000007C4-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000007C5-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000007C6-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000007C7-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000099F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000009A0-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000009A1-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000009A2-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000009A3-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000009A4-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000009FF-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000A00-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000A01-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000E4C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000E4D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000E4E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000E4F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000E50-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000E51-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000EF4-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000EF5-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000EF6-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000EF7-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000EF8-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000F78-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000F79-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000F7A-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000F98-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000F99-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000F9A-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000F9B-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000011D7-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000011D8-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000013B3-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000013B4-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000013B5-QINU`"' (1)

10 mg (one spray) intranasally in one nostril (1) · 10 mg PO/IV/IM QID, '''not to exceed 12 weeks''' (tardive dyskinesia risk); intranasal Gimoti 15 mg BID (1) · Anaphylaxis IM 0.3-0.5 mg (adult) into lateral thigh, repeat q5-15 minutes prn; pediatric 0.01 mg/kg IM (max 0.3 mg, max 0.5 mg in adolescents); cardiac arrest 1 mg IV/IO q3-5 minutes; severe asthma neb 0.1 mg/kg up to 5 mg; never IV bolus for anaphylaxis outside critical care (1) · Anxiety: 0.5-1 mg PO BID-TID. Insomnia: 1-2 mg PO at bedtime. Status epilepticus: 4 mg IV (adult), repeat after 5-10 minutes if needed. Acute agitation: 1-2 mg IM (1) · Anxiety: 2-10 mg PO 2-4 times daily. Alcohol withdrawal: 10-20 mg PO/IV every 4-6 hours, symptom-triggered. Status epilepticus: 5-10 mg IV. Breakthrough seizures: Diastat rectal 0.2-0.5 mg/kg or Valtoco intranasal 5-20 mg (1) · Anxiety: 25-50 mg PO QID. Pruritus: 25 mg PO TID-QID. Insomnia: 25-50 mg PO at bedtime. Pediatric: 50-100 mg/day divided (1) · HRT cyclic: 200 mg PO HS days 1-12 of each month; continuous: 100 mg PO daily; ART luteal support 100 mg vaginal TID or 90 mg gel daily (1) · ICS Pulmicort Flexhaler 180-360 mcg BID; intranasal Rhinocort 64 mcg/spray, 1-2 sprays/nostril daily; Entocort EC 9 mg PO daily for active Crohn's; Symbicort 80/4.5 or 160/4.5 mcg, 2 puffs BID (1) · IM: 60 mg single dose or 30 mg every 6 hours. IV: 30 mg every 6 hours. Oral (continuation only): 10-20 mg every 4-6 hours. Sprix nasal: 31.5 mg every 6-8 hours. '''Maximum 5 days total combined use''' (1) · Inhaled (Flovent HFA) 88 mcg BID; intranasal (Flonase) 2 sprays/nostril daily; topical (Cutivate) 0.05% cream BID (1) · Intranasal 0.1% or 0.15%: 1-2 sprays/nostril BID; ophthalmic 0.05%: 1 drop in each eye BID (1) · Intranasal Nasonex 2 sprays/nostril daily (50 mcg/spray); inhaled Asmanex 220 mcg DPI 1-2 inhalations daily/BID; topical Elocon 0.1% cream daily (1) · IR oral: 15-30 mg every 4 hours as needed. ER opioid-naive: 15-30 mg every 12 hours. IV/IM/SC: 2-10 mg every 3-4 hours. Epidural / intrathecal: see surgical or palliative-care protocols (1) · Nebulized 500 mcg q6-8h (or with albuterol as DuoNeb); MDI 17 mcg/puff, 2 puffs QID; nasal 0.03% or 0.06% spray BID-TID (1) · Ophthalmic Pataday 0.7%: 1 drop in each eye once daily (24-hour formulation); Patanol 0.1% BID; intranasal Patanase 2 sprays/nostril BID (1) · Oral: 1500 mg PO QID for 2-3 days (load), then 750-1500 mg QID maintenance. IV/IM: 1000 mg every 8 hours for acute spasm (1) · Oral: 50-100 mg at migraine onset, may repeat in 2 hours if needed. SC: 6 mg, may repeat in 1 hour. Nasal: 5-20 mg per nostril, may repeat in 2 hours (1) · Replacement: 1000 mcg IM daily for 1 week, then weekly for 4 weeks, then monthly; or 1000-2000 mcg PO daily (effective even in pernicious anemia via passive diffusion); intranasal 500 mcg weekly (1) · Rheumatologic: 7.5-15 mg PO or SC '''once weekly''' (not daily — daily dosing is a recognized fatal error); folic acid 1 mg PO daily on non-MTX days; oncology dosing is far higher and indication-specific (1) · Topical 0.025-0.5% cream/ointment BID; intra-articular 5-40 mg per joint q3-6 months; intranasal Nasacort 110 mcg/spray, 2 sprays/nostril daily; oral paste 0.1% to lesion 2-3×/d (1) · Topical: apply small amount to affected area TID × 5-10 days; nasal: apply half the contents of a single-use tube into each nostril BID × 5 days (1) · Volume and concentration titrated to clinical status; symptomatic hyponatremia: 3% NaCl 100-150 mL bolus, reassess (1)

0.1% (Patanol), 0.2% (Pataday once-daily original), 0.7% (Pataday 24-hour) ophthalmic solutions; 0.6% nasal spray (1) · 0.1%, 0.15% intranasal spray; 0.05% ophthalmic solution; combination Dymista (azelastine 0.137 mg + fluticasone 50 mcg/spray) (1) · 0.225%, 0.45%, 0.9%, 3%, 5% IV solutions; 0.9% nasal spray; 3% and 7% nebulizer solutions; oral tablets (1 g) (1) · 10 mg/spray nasal solution (1) · 100, 250, 500, 1000, 5000 mcg tablets (OTC and Rx); 1000 mcg/mL injection; intranasal spray; sublingual (1) · 2% ointment; 2% cream; 2% nasal ointment (Bactroban Nasal) (1) · 2.5 mg tablets; 10-50 mg/mL injection; pre-filled subcutaneous autoinjectors (Otrexup, Rasuvo); 2.5 mg/mL oral solution (Xatmep) (1) · 5, 10 mg tablets; 5 mg/5 mL solution; 5 mg/mL IV; 15 mg/spray intranasal (1) · Atrovent HFA 17 mcg/actuation MDI; 500 mcg/2.5 mL nebulizer solution; 0.03% and 0.06% intranasal sprays; with albuterol as DuoNeb / Combivent Respimat (1) · Auto-injectors 0.15 mg (Jr/pediatric), 0.3 mg (adult); 1 mg/mL (1:1,000) ampules for IM/SC use; 0.1 mg/mL (1:10,000) for IV use; 2.25% racemic nebulizer (1) · Inhaled MDI 44/110/220 mcg per actuation; DPI (Diskus) 50/100/250 mcg; nasal spray 50 mcg/actuation; cream/ointment 0.005%, 0.05% (1) · IR tablets 15, 30 mg; oral solution 10 mg/5 mL, 20 mg/mL, 100 mg/5 mL (concentrated); suppositories; ER tablets and capsules in multiple strengths; injectable 0.5-50 mg/mL (1) · Nasonex 50 mcg/actuation intranasal; Asmanex HFA MDI 100/200 mcg; Asmanex Twisthaler DPI 110/220 mcg; Elocon 0.1% cream/ointment/lotion; Sinuva sinus implant; Dulera (with formoterol) (1) · Oral 100, 200 mg capsules (peanut oil; check allergy); 100 mg vaginal insert (Endometrin); 4%, 8% vaginal gel (Crinone); IM 50 mg/mL (1) · Oral tablets 25, 50, 100 mg; SC injection 4, 6 mg autoinjector; needle-free SC 6 mg (Sumavel); nasal spray 5, 20 mg; nasal powder 22 mg (Onzetra Xsail); low-dose autoinjector 3 mg (Zembrace SymTouch) (1) · Pulmicort Flexhaler DPI 90, 180 mcg/dose; Pulmicort Respules 0.25, 0.5, 1 mg/2 mL nebulized; Rhinocort intranasal 32 mcg/spray; Entocort EC 3 mg capsules; Uceris 9 mg ER tablets and rectal foam (1) · Tablets 0.5, 1, 2 mg; oral concentrate 2 mg/mL; injection 2 mg/mL and 4 mg/mL; Loreev XR capsules 1, 2, 3 mg (1) · Tablets 10 mg; injection 15 mg/mL and 30 mg/mL; nasal spray 15.75 mg/spray (Sprix); ophthalmic solution 0.4%, 0.45%, 0.5% (1) · Tablets 10, 25, 50 mg (HCl); capsules 25, 50, 100 mg (pamoate); oral suspension 25 mg/5 mL; injection 25, 50 mg/mL (IM only, never IV) (1) · Tablets 2, 5, 10 mg; oral solution 1, 5 mg/mL; injection 5 mg/mL; Diastat rectal gel 2.5, 5, 10, 20 mg; Valtoco nasal spray 5, 7.5, 10 mg/dose; Libervant buccal film (1) · Tablets 500, 750 mg; injection 100 mg/mL (1) · Topical creams, ointments, lotions, dental paste (0.025-0.5%); Kenalog 10 mg/mL, 40 mg/mL injection; Nasacort 55 mcg/spray intranasal; oral inhaler discontinued in US (1)

10 mg per 24 h (1) · 10 mg/day (anxiety, oral) (1) · 12 puffs MDI/d typical; nebulized 2000 mcg/d (1) · 120 mg/day (IV/IM); 40 mg/day (oral); '''5-day maximum total combined therapy''' to mitigate the GI bleeding, AKI, and platelet dysfunction risks (1) · 2 sprays/nostril BID (1) · 200 mg/day (oral); 12 mg/day (SC); 40 mg/day (nasal spray); 44 mg/day (Onzetra) (1) · 40 mg/d (1) · 40 mg/day (oral, anxiety) (1) · 400 mg/day theoretical; in practice rarely exceeds 200 mg/day (1) · 8 g/day (oral, short-term load); 6 g/day (chronic) (1) · ICS 880 mcg/d (asthma); intranasal 200 mcg/d (1) · ICS ~1280 mcg/d; intranasal 256 mcg/d; Entocort 9 mg/d standard (1) · Indication-dependent; 200-400 mg/d oral typical (1) · Indication-specific (1) · Indication-specific; ACLS no fixed cumulative ceiling (1) · Intranasal 200 mcg/d (adults); inhaled 880 mcg/d (1) · Limit topical to 10-day courses to reduce resistance pressure (1) · No fixed ceiling; titrate to clinical effect and tolerability with CDC opioid prescribing guidance constraints on morphine-milligram-equivalent (MME) totals (1) · No fixed maximum; titrated; sodium correction rate in chronic hyponatremia must not exceed 8-10 mEq/L per 24 hours to avoid osmotic demyelination (1) · No strict ceiling; water-soluble vitamin, low toxicity (1) · Once daily (Pataday 0.7%); BID (other ophthalmic) (1) · Rheumatologic ~25 mg/week; oncology indication-specific (1)

10 minutes (SC); 15-30 minutes (nasal); 30-60 minutes (oral) (1) · 15 minutes (1) · 15-30 minutes (oral) (1) · 15-60 minutes (oral); 1-5 minutes (IV); 4-10 minutes (rectal or intranasal) (1) · 30 minutes (IM); 30-60 minutes (oral) (1) · 30-60 minutes (oral); 5 minutes (IV); 15-30 minutes (IM) (1) · 5-10 minutes (IV); 30 minutes (oral IR); slower for ER and rectal (1) · Bronchodilation 15-30 minutes (1) · Days (1) · IM: 5-10 minutes; IV: seconds; nebulized: 5-10 minutes (1) · Immediate (IV) (1) · Inhaled: bronchial effect 1-2 weeks; nasal: symptom relief 12-24 hours; topical: hours (1) · Inhaled: bronchial effect 1-2 weeks; oral GI effect 1-2 weeks (1) · Intranasal: symptom relief 12-24 hours; inhaled: bronchial effect 1-2 weeks (1) · IV/IM 1-3 minutes; PO 30-60 minutes (1) · Pain relief reported within 15 min in trials (1) · Reticulocyte response at 3-5 days; neurologic recovery weeks to months (and may be incomplete if longstanding) (1) · Rheumatologic effect at 4-8 weeks; ectopic resolution over 2-3 weeks (1) · Sedation/dizziness within hours of oral dose; endometrial effects over days (1) · Symptom relief within 30-60 minutes (1) · Topical hours; intra-articular days to weeks (1) · ~30 minutes (oral) (1)

12 hours (1) · 12-24 hours (1) · 12-24 hours per dose (1) · 2-4 hours; headache recurrence rate ~20-30% within 24 hours (1) · 24 hours (1) · 24 hours (0.7% formulation); 8-12 hours (lower-strength) (1) · 3-5 hours (IR); 8-24 hours (ER); 12-24 hours (epidural / intrathecal) (1) · 4-6 hours (5) · 5-15 minutes (1) · 6-24 hours (parent); much longer when accounting for the long-lived active metabolites (1) · 6-8 hours (1) · Hours per application (1) · Intra-articular 3-6 months (depot effect of acetonide microcrystals) (1) · N/A (replacement) (1) · Once-weekly dosing in rheumatology (1) · Oral: 8-12 hours; vaginal: 24+ hours; IM: days (1) · Roughly 20-25% of an IV bolus remains intravascular at 1 hour (1) · ~48 h sustained pain freedom in responders (1)

1-2 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000017-QINU`"' (1) · 12-15 hours (intermediate); '''no active metabolites''' (key clinical feature)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000023-QINU`"' (1) · 14-25 hours (longer in elderly and hepatic impairment)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000026-QINU`"' (1) · 2 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000015-QINU`"' (1) · 3-10 hours (low dose); 8-15 hours (high dose); much longer in third-space accumulation (pleural effusion, ascites)'"`UNIQ--ref-000007C8-QINU`"' (1) · 5-6 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000020-QINU`"' (1) · 5-6 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000EF9-QINU`"' (1) · Diazepam 20-50 hours; '''N-desmethyldiazepam (nordazepam) 30-200 hours''' is the major active metabolite and accumulates substantially with chronic dosing'"`UNIQ--ref-00000026-QINU`"' (1) · Morphine 2-4 hours; morphine-6-glucuronide active metabolite 2-4 hours (longer with renal impairment)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000020-QINU`"' (1) · Not applicable (electrolyte) (1) · Not meaningfully described for topical use'"`UNIQ--ref-00000A02-QINU`"' (1) · Plasma ~3-5 hours; biologic effect substantially longer (~12-36 hours for intermediate-acting glucocorticoids)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000666-QINU`"' (1) · ~2 hours (plasma; minimal relevance — local-action drug)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000F7B-QINU`"' (1) · ~2 minutes'"`UNIQ--ref-00000E52-QINU`"' (1) · ~2-3.6 hours (plasma)'"`UNIQ--ref-000009A5-QINU`"' (1) · ~22 hours; longer 54 hours (desmethylazelastine, active metabolite)'"`UNIQ--ref-000013B6-QINU`"' (1) · ~3 hours (systemic, when measurable; topical action dominates)'"`UNIQ--ref-000011D9-QINU`"' (1) · ~5 hours (plasma)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000F9C-QINU`"' (1) · ~5-20 hours (oral micronized; highly variable)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000726-QINU`"' (1) · ~6 days (plasma); hepatic stores last 3-5 years (1) · ~6.6 h (1) · ~7.8 hours (fluticasone propionate, inhaled systemic exposure)'"`UNIQ--ref-000001DD-QINU`"' (1)

100% (IV); essentially complete (oral) (1) · 60-70% PO at low doses; saturable at high doses (parenteral routes preferred above 15-25 mg/week)'"`UNIQ--ref-000007C9-QINU`"' (1) · <1% oral (extensive first-pass via CYP3A4); ~30% inhaled lung deposition'"`UNIQ--ref-000001DE-QINU`"' (1) · IM/SC ~100%; oral negligible (extensive first-pass and gut metabolism — hence the no-oral route)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000E53-QINU`"' (1) · Inhaled lung deposition with minimal systemic absorption (the basis of the favorable safety profile vs systemic antimuscarinics)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000F7C-QINU`"' (1) · Intranasal ~40% systemic; ophthalmic minimal'"`UNIQ--ref-000013B7-QINU`"' (1) · Intranasal: <1% systemic; inhaled lung deposition with extensive first-pass clearance'"`UNIQ--ref-00000F9D-QINU`"' (1) · Oral ~1-3% via passive diffusion at high doses (independent of intrinsic factor); IM/SC ~100% (1) · Oral: very low (extensive first-pass); micronization improves uptake somewhat. Vaginal: high local effect with lower systemic levels (first-uterine-pass concentration)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000727-QINU`"' (1) · Topical with minimal systemic absorption'"`UNIQ--ref-000011DA-QINU`"' (1) · Topical/intranasal: high local, low systemic; intra-articular: local depot then systemic absorption'"`UNIQ--ref-00000667-QINU`"' (1) · Topical; minimal systemic absorption'"`UNIQ--ref-00000A03-QINU`"' (1) · ~100% (oral, but oral use is limited to continuation from parenteral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000021-QINU`"' (1) · ~100% (oral; near-complete absorption)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000018-QINU`"' (1) · ~14% (oral; substantial first-pass); ~97% (subcutaneous); ~17% (nasal)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000016-QINU`"' (1) · ~25-40% (oral; extensive first-pass)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000021-QINU`"' (1) · ~5% intranasal (1) · ~6-13% inhaled lung deposition; ~10% oral (Entocort EC; extensive first-pass via CYP3A4 — this is the basis of the favorable hepatic-targeted local-effect profile in IBD)'"`UNIQ--ref-000009A6-QINU`"' (1) · ~80% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000027-QINU`"' (1) · ~80% (oral; reduced by significant first-pass)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000EFA-QINU`"' (1) · ~90% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000024-QINU`"' (1) · ~93% (oral); ~90% (rectal)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000027-QINU`"' (1)

None (1) · '''Contraindicated in pregnancy''' (Category X); abortifacient and teratogenic. Discontinuation 3-6 months before conception is standard.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) · Avoid from 20 weeks gestation onward per FDA's 2020 expanded NSAID warning; contraindicated from 30 weeks. Specifically contraindicated in labor and delivery due to inhibition of uterine contractions'"`UNIQ--ref-00000022-QINU`"' (1) · Chronic third-trimester exposure produces neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome and respiratory depression at delivery.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) · Generally considered safe; minimal systemic exposure.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (2) · Inhaled and intranasal generally considered safe; widely used in asthma in pregnancy.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) · Intranasal long considered acceptable; widely used in obstetric rhinitis.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) · Limited data; avoid (1) · Limited data; generally considered acceptable when needed.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) · Limited data; second-line to intranasal corticosteroids or PO loratadine/cetirizine.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) · Limited human data.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) · Limited human data; older agent with substantial use experience; some signal for first-trimester exposure but not conclusive.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) · Limited human data; pregnancy registry data have been broadly reassuring relative to baseline malformation rates.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) · Long the preferred ICS in pregnancy (Pulmicort) due to the most pregnancy data among the class.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) · Routinely supplemented in vegan pregnancies and pernicious anemia.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) · Some signal for cleft lip/palate with first-trimester exposure (debated); neonatal sedation and withdrawal with third-trimester exposure.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) · Some signal for cleft palate with first-trimester exposure (debated); neonatal sedation and withdrawal with third-trimester exposure.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) · Standard fluid and electrolyte management (1) · Topical/intranasal generally low-risk; intra-articular and high-dose injection: weigh risk individually.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) · Used in life-threatening obstetric anaphylaxis without hesitation; benefits clearly outweigh.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) · Widely used for hyperemesis gravidarum; reassuring data.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1)

OTC (Astepro 0.15%) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (other intranasal, ophthalmic, Dymista) in US (1) · OTC (intranasal Flonase) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (inhaled, topical) in US (1) · OTC (intranasal Rhinocort Allergy) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (other forms) in US (1) · OTC (low/mid-dose oral) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (injection, intranasal) in US (1) · OTC (lowest-strength topicals) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (higher strengths, injectable) in US (1) · OTC (Nasonex 24HR) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (other forms) in US (1) · OTC (Pataday ophthalmic) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (Patanase intranasal) in US (1) · Rx (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] for parenteral formulations; OTC for oral, nasal, and many nebulizer products (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (7) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. Carries a '''Boxed Warning''' for '''tardive dyskinesia''' (irreversible movement disorder), driving the 12-week chronic-use limit'"`UNIQ--ref-00000EFB-QINU`"' (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. Not a controlled substance, distinguishing it from carisoprodol which is Schedule IV'"`UNIQ--ref-00000019-QINU`"' (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. Not a controlled substance, which is a meaningful clinical advantage over the benzodiazepine alternatives for short-term anxiety'"`UNIQ--ref-00000028-QINU`"' (1) · [[USLegal:Schedule II|Schedule II controlled substance]] in US; WHO essential medicine'"`UNIQ--ref-00000022-QINU`"' (1) · [[USLegal:Schedule IV|Schedule IV controlled substance]] in US. Carries the benzodiazepine class '''Boxed Warning''' for risk of fatal respiratory depression, coma, and death when combined with opioids'"`UNIQ--ref-00000025-QINU`"' (1) · [[USLegal:Schedule IV|Schedule IV controlled substance]] in US. Carries the benzodiazepine class '''Boxed Warning''' for risk of fatal respiratory depression, coma, and death when combined with opioids'"`UNIQ--ref-00000028-QINU`"' (1)

Showing below up to 25 results in range #1 to #25.

A

Azelastine

B

C

Cyanocobalamin

D

Diazepam

E

Epinephrine

F

Fluticasone

H

Hydroxyzine

I

Ipratropium

K

Ketorolac

L

Lorazepam

M

O

Olopatadine

P

Progesterone

S

T

Z

Zavzpret

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