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Medicines (732)

Medicines > routes

: ophthalmic

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Cyclosporine (ciclosporin) (1) · Erythromycin (1) · Ketorolac (tromethamine) (1) · Ofloxacin (1) · Prednisolone (and prednisolone sodium phosphate, acetate, etc.) (1) · Sodium chloride (1) · Timolol (maleate) (1) · Tobramycin (1) · Triamcinolone (acetonide and other esters) (1)

E.E.S., EryPed, Ery-Tab, PCE, Erythrocin (lactobionate IV); topical Erygel, Akne-Mycin; ophthalmic ointment (1) · Floxin (oral, US brand discontinued); Ocuflox (ophthalmic); Floxin Otic (otic) (1) · Kenalog (injectable), Nasacort (intranasal), Aristocort (topical), Trianex (1) · Normal saline, NaCl injection, many; nebulized: HyperSal, PulmoSal (1) · Prelone, Pediapred, Orapred ODT, Millipred, Veripred (1) · Sandimmune, Neoral (modified microemulsion, increased bioavailability), Gengraf, Restasis (ophthalmic) (1) · Timoptic (ophthalmic), Timoptic-XE (gel-forming once-daily), Istalol (once-daily 0.5%), Betimol; Blocadren (oral, discontinued in many markets); combination eye drops Combigan (with brimonidine), Cosopt (with dorzolamide) (1) · Tobrex (ophthalmic), Tobi, Tobi Podhaler, Bethkis (inhaled, cystic fibrosis), generic IV (1) · Toradol (IV/IM, US brand discontinued), Sprix (nasal spray), Acular and Acuvail (ophthalmic) (1)

None (6) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000037-QINU`"' Hypertonic 3% is the standard urgent treatment of severely symptomatic hyponatremia'"`UNIQ--ref-00000038-QINU`"'. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000008BE-QINU`"' Preferred over prednisone in advanced hepatic dysfunction where hepatic 11β-HSD1 activation is impaired. Liquid formulations are the workhorse pediatric oral corticosteroid for asthma and croup'"`UNIQ--ref-000008BF-QINU`"'. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000014BC-QINU`"' Topical ophthalmic and otic formulations remain widely used in ENT and ophthalmology. Subject to all fluoroquinolone-class restrictions (tendinitis/rupture, peripheral neuropathy, QT prolongation)'"`UNIQ--ref-000014BD-QINU`"'. (1)

250-500 mg PO QID; 7.5-12.5 mg/kg IV q6h; topical and ophthalmic per formulation (1) · IM: 60 mg single dose or 30 mg every 6 hours. IV: 30 mg every 6 hours. Oral (continuation only): 10-20 mg every 4-6 hours. Sprix nasal: 31.5 mg every 6-8 hours. '''Maximum 5 days total combined use''' (1) · IV: traditional 1-1.7 mg/kg q8h or extended-interval 5-7 mg/kg q24h with target-trough monitoring; inhaled CF 300 mg BID × 28 days on / 28 days off; ophthalmic 1-2 drops in affected eye(s) q4h (1) · Ophthalmic: 1 drop 0.5% in affected eye(s) BID (or once daily for XE / Istalol). Oral hypertension: 10 mg PO BID, titrate to 60 mg/day. Migraine prophylaxis: 10 mg BID, titrate to 30 mg/day (1) · Oral 200-400 mg BID; ophthalmic 1-2 drops in affected eye(s) q2-4h initially, then taper; otic 5-10 drops in affected ear BID (1) · Pediatric 1-2 mg/kg/d (max 60 mg) PO for asthma exacerbation; adult dosing similar to prednisone milligram-for-milligram (~1:1 potency) (1) · Topical 0.025-0.5% cream/ointment BID; intra-articular 5-40 mg per joint q3-6 months; intranasal Nasacort 110 mcg/spray, 2 sprays/nostril daily; oral paste 0.1% to lesion 2-3×/d (1) · Transplant: 5-10 mg/kg/d divided BID, titrated to trough levels (typically 100-300 ng/mL depending on regimen and post-transplant interval); ophthalmic Restasis 0.05% one drop BID (1) · Volume and concentration titrated to clinical status; symptomatic hyponatremia: 3% NaCl 100-150 mL bolus, reassess (1)

0.225%, 0.45%, 0.9%, 3%, 5% IV solutions; 0.9% nasal spray; 3% and 7% nebulizer solutions; oral tablets (1 g) (1) · 200, 300, 400 mg tablets (mostly generic now); 0.3% ophthalmic solution; 0.3% otic solution (1) · 250, 500 mg base or stearate tablets; ER tablets; ethyl succinate 200 mg/5 mL suspension; 500 mg, 1 g IV (lactobionate); 2% topical solution/gel; 0.5% ophthalmic ointment (1) · 5 mg tablets; 5 mg/5 mL, 10 mg/5 mL, 15 mg/5 mL oral solutions (sweetened pediatric); 5 mg/5 mL syrup; ophthalmic 0.12%, 1% suspensions and 1% solution (1) · IV 10 mg/mL, 40 mg/mL; inhaled 300 mg/5 mL solution (Tobi, Bethkis); Podhaler dry powder; 0.3% ophthalmic solution and ointment (1) · Sandimmune 25, 100 mg capsules; Neoral 25, 100 mg modified soft gel; 100 mg/mL oral solution; 50 mg/mL IV; Restasis 0.05% ophthalmic emulsion (1) · Tablets 10 mg; injection 15 mg/mL and 30 mg/mL; nasal spray 15.75 mg/spray (Sprix); ophthalmic solution 0.4%, 0.45%, 0.5% (1) · Tablets 5, 10, 20 mg; ophthalmic solution 0.25%, 0.5%; ophthalmic gel-forming solution 0.25%, 0.5% (Timoptic-XE) (1) · Topical creams, ointments, lotions, dental paste (0.025-0.5%); Kenalog 10 mg/mL, 40 mg/mL injection; Nasacort 55 mcg/spray intranasal; oral inhaler discontinued in US (1)

120 mg/day (IV/IM); 40 mg/day (oral); '''5-day maximum total combined therapy''' to mitigate the GI bleeding, AKI, and platelet dysfunction risks (1) · 4 g/d (rarely tolerated due to GI effects) (1) · 60 mg/day (oral, hypertension); 0.5% BID (ophthalmic) (1) · 800 mg/d (1) · Indication-specific (2) · IV: monitored by levels (trough <1 mg/L for extended-interval; <2 mg/L for traditional) (1) · No fixed maximum; titrated; sodium correction rate in chronic hyponatremia must not exceed 8-10 mEq/L per 24 hours to avoid osmotic demyelination (1) · Transplant: regimen-specific (1)

30 minutes (IM); 30-60 minutes (oral) (1) · BP effect within hours (oral); IOP reduction within 30 minutes, full effect 1-2 weeks (ophthalmic) (1) · Days for immunosuppressive effect (1) · Hours (3) · Hours (systemic); minutes (ophthalmic) (1) · Immediate (IV) (1) · Topical hours; intra-articular days to weeks (1)

12 hours (1) · 12 hours (oral BID); 24 hours (Timoptic-XE) (1) · 4-6 hours (1) · 6-12 hours systemic (1) · 6-8 hours (1) · Biologic 12-36 hours (intermediate-acting) (1) · Dosing-frequency dependent (1) · Intra-articular 3-6 months (depot effect of acetonide microcrystals) (1) · Roughly 20-25% of an IV bolus remains intravascular at 1 hour (1)

2-3 hours (normal renal function); markedly prolonged in renal impairment'"`UNIQ--ref-000010B3-QINU`"' (1) · 5-6 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000020-QINU`"' (1) · Not applicable (electrolyte) (1) · Plasma 2-3 hours; biologic ~18-36 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-000008C4-QINU`"' (1) · Plasma ~3-5 hours; biologic effect substantially longer (~12-36 hours for intermediate-acting glucocorticoids)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000666-QINU`"' (1) · ~1.5-2 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000D3E-QINU`"' (1) · ~4 hours (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001B-QINU`"' (1) · ~8-27 hours (highly variable across the population)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000A91-QINU`"' (1) · ~9 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-000014C3-QINU`"' (1)

100% (IV); essentially complete (oral) (1) · IV/IM ~100%; inhaled: minimal systemic; oral: negligible (not used orally for systemic infection)'"`UNIQ--ref-000010B4-QINU`"' (1) · Sandimmune: highly variable (~30%); Neoral microemulsion: ~50%, less variable; '''Sandimmune and Neoral are NOT bioequivalent and not interchangeable''''"`UNIQ--ref-00000A92-QINU`"' (1) · Topical/intranasal: high local, low systemic; intra-articular: local depot then systemic absorption'"`UNIQ--ref-00000667-QINU`"' (1) · ~100% (oral, but oral use is limited to continuation from parenteral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000021-QINU`"' (1) · ~30-65% (oral; acid-labile, hence enteric-coated formulations; food affects absorption variably)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000D3F-QINU`"' (1) · ~50% (oral); systemic absorption from ophthalmic application is clinically meaningful via nasolacrimal drainage'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001C-QINU`"' (1) · ~70% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-000008C5-QINU`"' (1) · ~95% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-000014C4-QINU`"' (1)

'''Avoid in pregnancy where alternatives exist''' (animal cartilage toxicity; class-wide concern).[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]] (1) · Aminoglycoside-class ototoxicity in fetal cochlea is documented; use only when alternatives have failed.[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]] (1) · Avoid from 20 weeks gestation onward per FDA's 2020 expanded NSAID warning; contraindicated from 30 weeks. Specifically contraindicated in labor and delivery due to inhibition of uterine contractions'"`UNIQ--ref-00000022-QINU`"' (1) · Generally considered safe; commonly used in pregnancy.[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]] (1) · Limited human data; β-blocker class effects include fetal growth restriction and neonatal bradycardia/hypoglycemia.[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]] (1) · Standard fluid and electrolyte management (1) · Topical/intranasal generally low-risk; intra-articular and high-dose injection: weigh risk individually.[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]] (1) · Use when benefits outweigh; small association with oral clefts debated.[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]] (1) · Used in transplant pregnancy when continued immunosuppression is required; reassuring data overall but careful monitoring needed.[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]] (1)

OTC (lowest-strength topicals) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (higher strengths, injectable) in US (1) · OTC (ophthalmic ointment) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (other forms) in US (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] for parenteral formulations; OTC for oral, nasal, and many nebulizer products (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (4) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. Carries '''Boxed Warning''' for risk of malignancy and serious infection; nephrotoxicity, hypertension, and immunosuppression-associated complications'"`UNIQ--ref-00000A93-QINU`"' (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. Carries the same fluoroquinolone-class '''Boxed Warnings''' as ciprofloxacin/levofloxacin'"`UNIQ--ref-000014C5-QINU`"' (1)

Showing below up to 9 results in range #1 to #9.