Drilldown: Medicines
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generic:
brand:
Ativan (oral, injectable), Loreev XR (1) ·
Keppra (IR), Keppra XR, Spritam (3D-printed orally disintegrating), Roweepra (1) ·
Mobic, Vivlodex (lower-dose capsules), Anjeso (IV) (1) ·
MS Contin (ER), Kadian (ER), Avinza (ER), Roxanol (IR oral solution), Duramorph (epidural / IT), Astramorph (IV), Infumorph (intrathecal pump), MorphaBond (IR abuse-deterrent) (1) ·
Robaxin (oral, injectable) (1) ·
Trandate, Normodyne (discontinued in US) (1) ·
Xylocaine (injectable, oral solution, topical), Lidoderm (patch), ZTLido (patch), Glydo (jelly), EMLA (with prilocaine, topical) (1)
classes:
preferential COX-2)]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Analgesics|Analgesic]] (2) ·
[[:Category:Anesthetics|Anesthetic]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Antiarrhythmics|Antiarrhythmic (Vaughan Williams Class IB)]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Anticonvulsants|Anticonvulsant]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Antihypertensives|Antihypertensive]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Anxiolytics|Anxiolytic]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Benzodiazepines|Benzodiazepine]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Beta blockers|Combined alpha-1 and non-selective beta blocker]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Local anesthetics|Local anesthetic (amide class)]] (1) ·
[[:Category:NSAIDs|Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID (1) ·
[[:Category:Opioid analgesics|Opioid analgesic (natural phenanthrene from opium poppy)]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Schedule II controlled substances|Schedule II controlled substance]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Schedule IV controlled substances|Schedule IV controlled substance]] (1) ·
[[:Category:Skeletal muscle relaxants|Skeletal muscle relaxant (centrally-acting)]] (1) ·
[[:Category:SV2A ligands|Synaptic vesicle protein 2A (SV2A) ligand]] (1)
mechanism:
None (5) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000015-QINU`"' The favorable pregnancy safety profile and the dual mechanism support its first-line role in pregnancy-associated hypertension and in hypertensive emergencies where rapid, controllable BP reduction is needed'"`UNIQ--ref-00000016-QINU`"'. (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000019-QINU`"' Once-daily dosing is a clinical advantage over short-half-life NSAIDs'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001A-QINU`"'. (1)
uses:
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000015-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000016-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-00000017-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000018-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000019-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000001B-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001E-QINU`"' (1) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000001B-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001F-QINU`"' (3) ·
'"`UNIQ--vote-0000001D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000020-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000021-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000022-QINU`"' (1)
starting dose:
7.5 mg PO once daily; titrate to 15 mg daily if needed. Vivlodex 5 mg PO once daily, max 10 mg (1) ·
Adult: 500 mg PO BID, titrate by 1000 mg/day every 2 weeks. Pediatric: 10-20 mg/kg/day divided BID, weight-titrated (1) ·
Anxiety: 0.5-1 mg PO BID-TID. Insomnia: 1-2 mg PO at bedtime. Status epilepticus: 4 mg IV (adult), repeat after 5-10 minutes if needed. Acute agitation: 1-2 mg IM (1) ·
Infiltration: 1-2% solution; '''4.5 mg/kg ceiling without epinephrine, 7 mg/kg with epinephrine'''. IV antiarrhythmic: 1-1.5 mg/kg bolus then infusion 1-4 mg/minute. Lidoderm patch: up to 3 patches per 12 hours (1) ·
IR oral: 15-30 mg every 4 hours as needed. ER opioid-naive: 15-30 mg every 12 hours. IV/IM/SC: 2-10 mg every 3-4 hours. Epidural / intrathecal: see surgical or palliative-care protocols (1) ·
Oral: 100 mg PO BID, titrate to 400 mg BID. IV: 20 mg over 2 minutes, repeat 40-80 mg every 10 minutes as needed (maximum cumulative 300 mg); continuous infusion 2 mg/minute (1) ·
Oral: 1500 mg PO QID for 2-3 days (load), then 750-1500 mg QID maintenance. IV/IM: 1000 mg every 8 hours for acute spasm (1)
preparations:
Injection 0.5-4% solutions (with and without epinephrine); topical cream 4-5%; transdermal patch 5% (Lidoderm), 1.8% (ZTLido); oral 2% viscous solution; jelly 2%; ophthalmic (1) ·
IR tablets 15, 30 mg; oral solution 10 mg/5 mL, 20 mg/mL, 100 mg/5 mL (concentrated); suppositories; ER tablets and capsules in multiple strengths; injectable 0.5-50 mg/mL (1) ·
IR tablets 250, 500, 750, 1000 mg; XR tablets 500, 750 mg; oral solution 100 mg/mL; injection 100 mg/mL; Spritam ODT 250, 500, 750, 1000 mg (1) ·
Tablets 0.5, 1, 2 mg; oral concentrate 2 mg/mL; injection 2 mg/mL and 4 mg/mL; Loreev XR capsules 1, 2, 3 mg (1) ·
Tablets 100, 200, 300 mg; injection 5 mg/mL (1) ·
Tablets 500, 750 mg; injection 100 mg/mL (1) ·
Tablets 7.5, 15 mg (Mobic); capsules 5, 10 mg (Vivlodex); oral suspension 7.5 mg/5 mL; injection 30 mg/mL (Anjeso) (1)
fda max:
'''4.5 mg/kg (without epinephrine), 7 mg/kg (with epinephrine)''' for infiltration; serum level monitoring required for prolonged IV antiarrhythmic use (1) ·
10 mg/day (anxiety, oral) (1) ·
15 mg/day (oral); 30 mg IV once daily (Anjeso) (1) ·
2400 mg/day (oral); 300 mg total per IV bolus dosing series (1) ·
3000 mg/day (1) ·
8 g/day (oral, short-term load); 6 g/day (chronic) (1) ·
No fixed ceiling; titrate to clinical effect and tolerability with CDC opioid prescribing guidance constraints on morphine-milligram-equivalent (MME) totals (1)
routes: (Click arrow to add another value)
onset:
30-60 minutes (oral); 5 minutes (IV); 15-30 minutes (IM) (1) ·
5-10 minutes (IV); 30 minutes (oral IR); slower for ER and rectal (1) ·
<1 minute (IV); 1-2 minutes (infiltration); 30+ minutes (patch on adult skin, faster on thinner pediatric skin) (1) ·
Analgesic effect within hours; full anti-inflammatory effect over 1-2 weeks (1) ·
Anticonvulsant effect within days at therapeutic plasma level; rapid titration possible (1) ·
BP effect within hours (oral); 5-10 minutes (IV) (1) ·
~30 minutes (oral) (1)
duration:
24 hours (once-daily dosing supported by long half-life) (1) ·
3-5 hours (IR); 8-24 hours (ER); 12-24 hours (epidural / intrathecal) (1) ·
30-90 minutes (infiltration without epinephrine); 90-200 minutes (with epinephrine); 12 hours (patch) (1) ·
4-6 hours (1) ·
6-8 hours (1) ·
8-12 hours (oral); 4-6 hours (IV) (1) ·
BID dosing (IR); once-daily (XR) (1)
halflife:
1-2 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000017-QINU`"' (1) ·
1.5-2 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000020-QINU`"' (1) ·
12-15 hours (intermediate); '''no active metabolites''' (key clinical feature)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000023-QINU`"' (1) ·
15-20 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000020-QINU`"' (1) ·
6-8 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001F-QINU`"' (1) ·
Morphine 2-4 hours; morphine-6-glucuronide active metabolite 2-4 hours (longer with renal impairment)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000020-QINU`"' (1) ·
~6-8 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001A-QINU`"' (1)
bioavailability:
~100% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000020-QINU`"' (1) ·
~100% (oral; near-complete absorption)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000018-QINU`"' (1) ·
~25% (oral; extensive first-pass)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001B-QINU`"' (1) ·
~25-40% (oral; extensive first-pass)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000021-QINU`"' (1) ·
~35% (oral, extensive first-pass; not used orally for systemic effect); ~100% (IV)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000021-QINU`"' (1) ·
~89% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000021-QINU`"' (1) ·
~90% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000024-QINU`"' (1)
pregnancy:
'''Among the safest antihypertensives in pregnancy''', recommended for chronic hypertension during pregnancy and first-line for severe hypertension in preeclampsia and eclampsia'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001C-QINU`"' (1) ·
'''Considered one of the safest anticonvulsants in pregnancy''', with reassuring monotherapy registry data comparable to lamotrigine and in sharp contrast to valproate, topiramate, and carbamazepine'"`UNIQ--ref-00000021-QINU`"' (1) ·
Avoid from 20 weeks gestation onward per FDA's 2020 expanded NSAID warning (fetal renal dysfunction, oligohydramnios); contraindicated from 30 weeks (risk of premature ductus arteriosus closure)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000022-QINU`"' (1) ·
Chronic third-trimester exposure produces neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome and respiratory depression at delivery.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Extensive use experience in obstetric anesthesia; broadly considered safe'"`UNIQ--ref-00000022-QINU`"' (1) ·
Limited human data.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1) ·
Some signal for cleft lip/palate with first-trimester exposure (debated); neonatal sedation and withdrawal with third-trimester exposure.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (1)
legal:
[[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] for most formulations; some low-concentration topical formulations are [[USLegal:Over-the-counter|OTC]] (4% cream) (1) ·
[[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (2) ·
[[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. Not a controlled substance, distinguishing it from carisoprodol which is Schedule IV'"`UNIQ--ref-00000019-QINU`"' (1) ·
[[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. Not a controlled substance'"`UNIQ--ref-00000022-QINU`"' (1) ·
[[USLegal:Schedule II|Schedule II controlled substance]] in US; WHO essential medicine'"`UNIQ--ref-00000022-QINU`"' (1) ·
[[USLegal:Schedule IV|Schedule IV controlled substance]] in US. Carries the benzodiazepine class '''Boxed Warning''' for risk of fatal respiratory depression, coma, and death when combined with opioids'"`UNIQ--ref-00000025-QINU`"' (1)
Showing below up to 7 results in range #1 to #7.