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Medicines (732)

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: Analgesic

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or [[:Category:Vitamin_D_analogs|Vitamin D analog]]

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Brivaracetam (1) · Butorphanol (1) · Cannabidiol (1) · Cenobamate (1) · Cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) (1) · Clobazam (1) · Codeine (2) · Dextropropoxyphene (1) · Dihydrocodeine (1) · Ergocalciferol (vitamin D2) (1) · Eslicarbazepine (1) · Ethosuximide (1) · Ethylmorphine (1) · Felbamate (1) · Fenfluramine (1) · Fentanyl (1) · Fosphenytoin (1) · Hydrocodone (1) · Hydromorphone (1) · Lacosamide (1) · Levorphanol (1) · Meperidine (1) · Nalbuphine (1) · Oxymorphone (1) · Papaverine (1) · Pentazocine (1) · Perampanel (1) · Phenobarbital (1) · Phenytoin (1) · Rufinamide (1) · Stiripentol (1) · Tapentadol (1) · Tiagabine (1) · Valproic acid (1) · Vigabatrin (1) · Zonisamide (1)

None (5) · (multiple, generic dominant) (1) · Aptiom (1) · Banzel (1) · Briviact (1) · Cerebyx (1) · Darvon (1) · Demerol (1) · Depakote (1) · Diacomit (1) · Dilantin (1) · Dilaudid (1) · Drisdol, Calcidol; also many OTC preparations (1) · Duragesic (1) · Epidiolex (1) · Felbatol (1) · Fintepla (1) · Fycompa (1) · Gabitril (1) · Luminal (1) · Many OTC; Rx 50,000 IU also available (1) · Nubain (1) · Nucynta (1) · Onfi (1) · Opana (1) · Sabril (1) · Stadol (1) · Talwin (1) · Vicodin (1) · Vimpat (1) · Xcopri (1) · Zarontin (1) · Zonegran (1)

AMPA receptor antagonist (1) · GABA enhancer; sodium channel blocker; histone deacetylase inhibitor (1) · GABA reuptake inhibitor (GAT-1 blocker) (1) · GABAA positive allosteric modulator (1) · GABAA positive allosteric modulator; lactate dehydrogenase inhibitor (1) · GABAA potentiator and direct activator (1) · Irreversible GABA-T inhibitor (1) · Kappa agonist; mu antagonist (1) · Kappa agonist; mu partial agonist (1) · Kappa agonist; mu partial agonist/antagonist (1) · Mu-opioid agonist; norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (1) · Mu-opioid receptor agonist (4) · Mu-opioid receptor agonist; prodrug (metabolized to morphine) (1) · Mu-opioid receptor agonist; sodium channel blocker (1) · Mu/kappa/delta agonist; NMDA antagonist (1) · Multiple mechanisms; GPR55 antagonist; TRPV1 agonist (1) · NMDA antagonist; GABAA potentiator (1) · Phosphodiesterase inhibitor; calcium channel blocker (1) · Potent mu-opioid receptor agonist (3) · Prodrug of phenytoin; sodium channel blocker (1) · Prodrug; converted to [[Morphine|morphine]] by [[Enzyme:CYP2D6|CYP2D6]] for analgesic action. (1) · Serotonin releaser; sigma-1 agonist (1) · Slow-inactivation sodium channel enhancer; CRMP-2 ligand (1) · Sodium channel blocker (2) · Sodium channel blocker; GABAA positive allosteric modulator (1) · Sodium channel modulator (1) · Sodium/T-type calcium channel blocker; carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (1) · SV2A ligand (higher affinity than levetiracetam) (1) · T-type calcium channel blocker (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000032A-QINU`"' D3 (cholecalciferol) is more potent at raising serum 25(OH)D per dose; D2 remains widely prescribed in the US Rx 50,000 IU formulation'"`UNIQ--ref-0000032B-QINU`"'. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000042C-QINU`"' D3 is more potent than D2 at raising and sustaining serum 25(OH)D per dose, and is the more common OTC formulation; D2 remains the dominant Rx 50,000 IU formulation in the US for historical reasons. (1)

None (34) · Mild to moderate pain; cough suppression (low-dose). (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000032C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000032D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000032E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000032F-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000042D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000042E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000042F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000430-QINU`"' (1)

None (34) · Adult: 15–60 mg every 4 hours as needed. (1) · Deficiency: 50,000 IU PO weekly for 8-12 weeks, then maintenance 800-2,000 IU/day; maintenance OTC dosing typically 800-2,000 IU/d (1) · Maintenance 800-2,000 IU PO daily; deficiency replacement 50,000 IU PO weekly for 8-12 weeks then maintenance, or equivalent daily dosing 5,000-10,000 IU/d (1)

None (34) · 50,000 IU capsules (Rx); 8,000 IU/mL oral solution (Rx); 400-5,000 IU OTC tablets and softgels (1) · OTC 400, 1,000, 2,000, 5,000 IU softgels and tablets; Rx 50,000 IU capsules; liquid drops 400-2,000 IU/drop (1) · Tablet (15, 30, 60 mg); oral solution; combination products (with [[Acetaminophen|acetaminophen]] or ibuprofen). (1)

None (34) · 360 mg/day (1) · No strict; Institute of Medicine UL 4,000 IU/d in adults for chronic use (1) · Not strictly fixed; long-term Upper Limit ~4,000 IU/d in adults (Institute of Medicine) (1)

None (34) · for severe malabsorption) (1) · IM (rare (1) · Oral (2) · PO (only formulation marketed in the US). (1)

None (34) · 30–60 min (PO) (1) · Days to weeks to raise 25(OH)D; clinical effect on bone over months (1) · Weeks to raise 25(OH)D into reference range (1)

None (34) · 4–6 hours (1) · Long; fat-soluble storage in adipose (1) · Long; fat-soluble, stored in adipose (1)

None (34) · 2.5–3 hours (1) · ~24 hours (parent); ~15 days (25(OH)D); 25(OH)D stores persist for months'"`UNIQ--ref-00000330-QINU`"' (1) · ~24 hours (parent); ~15 days (25(OH)D); tissue stores months (1)

None (34) · ~50% (variable, CYP2D6-dependent for analgesic effect). (1) · ~75% (oral; absorption improved with fat-containing meal) (1) · ~75% (oral; fat-soluble, absorption requires intact biliary/lipid digestion)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000331-QINU`"' (1)

None (34) · Avoid; risk of neonatal opioid withdrawal with chronic use; UM-mother breastfeeding contraindicated. (1) · Safe at replacement doses; deficiency is itself a risk in pregnancy and lactation.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]</sup> (2)

None (34) · OTC (low-dose) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (50,000 IU and concentrated solutions) in US (1) · OTC (most) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (50,000 IU) in US (1) · US Schedule II (single-entity); Schedule III–V (combination products by content). (1)