Drilldown: Medicines

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Medicines (732)

Medicines > classes

: Analgesic

or Antiparkinsonian

or [[:Category:Sleep aids|Sleep aid]]

Use the filters below to narrow your results.

Amantadine (1) · Apomorphine (1) · Benztropine (1) · Biperiden (1) · Bromocriptine (1) · Butorphanol (1) · Cabergoline (1) · Carbidopa/levodopa (1) · Codeine (2) · Dextropropoxyphene (1) · Dihydrocodeine (1) · Diphenhydramine (hydrochloride; citrate) (1) · Entacapone (1) · Ethylmorphine (1) · Fentanyl (1) · Hydrocodone (1) · Hydromorphone (1) · Levodopa (1) · Levorphanol (1) · Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) (1) · Meperidine (1) · Nalbuphine (1) · Opicapone (1) · Oxymorphone (1) · Papaverine (1) · Pentazocine (1) · Rasagiline (1) · Rotigotine (1) · Safinamide (1) · Selegiline (1) · Tapentadol (1) · Tolcapone (1) · Trazodone (1) · Trihexyphenidyl (1) · Zolpidem (tartrate) (1)

None (6) · (multiple, generic dominant) (1) · Akineton (1) · Ambien (IR), Ambien CR (biphasic-release), Edluar (sublingual), Intermezzo (low-dose sublingual for middle-of-night awakening), Zolpimist (oral spray) (1) · Apokyn (1) · Artane (1) · Azilect (1) · Benadryl (oral, injectable, topical), Banophen, Sominex (sleep aid), ZzzQuil, Aler-Dryl (1) · Cogentin (1) · Comtan (1) · Darvon (1) · Demerol (1) · Desyrel (original IR), Oleptro (ER), Trittico (1) · Dilaudid (1) · Dostinex (1) · Duragesic (1) · Eldepryl (1) · Multiple OTC dietary supplement formulations (1) · Neupro (1) · Nubain (1) · Nucynta (1) · Ongentys (1) · Opana (1) · Parlodel (1) · Sinemet (1) · Stadol (1) · Symmetrel (1) · Talwin (1) · Tasmar (1) · Vicodin (1) · Xadago (1)

None (2) · Central and peripheral COMT inhibitor (1) · D1/D2/D3 receptor agonist (1) · D2 agonist; D1 partial agonist (1) · D2 receptor agonist (1) · Dopamine precursor (1) · Dopamine precursor + DOPA decarboxylase inhibitor (1) · Irreversible selective MAO-B inhibitor (2) · Kappa agonist; mu antagonist (1) · Kappa agonist; mu partial agonist (1) · Kappa agonist; mu partial agonist/antagonist (1) · MAO-B inhibitor; sodium channel blocker; glutamate release inhibitor (1) · Mu-opioid agonist; norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (1) · Mu-opioid receptor agonist (4) · Mu-opioid receptor agonist; prodrug (metabolized to morphine) (1) · Mu-opioid receptor agonist; sodium channel blocker (1) · Mu/kappa/delta agonist; NMDA antagonist (1) · Muscarinic receptor antagonist (1) · Muscarinic receptor antagonist; dopamine reuptake inhibitor (1) · NMDA antagonist; dopamine releasing agent (1) · Non-selective dopamine receptor agonist (1) · Once-daily COMT inhibitor (1) · Peripheral COMT inhibitor (1) · Phosphodiesterase inhibitor; calcium channel blocker (1) · Potent mu-opioid receptor agonist (3) · Prodrug; converted to [[Morphine|morphine]] by [[Enzyme:CYP2D6|CYP2D6]] for analgesic action. (1) · Selective M1 muscarinic antagonist (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000017-QINU`"' '''Priapism''' is a recognized rare adverse effect via α1 antagonism in penile vasculature and is the marquee counseling point for male patients'"`UNIQ--ref-00000018-QINU`"'. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000001D-QINU`"' Major Beers-list concern in elderly patients for cognitive and fall risks. CYP2D6 substrate. At massive overdose, also produces sodium channel blockade with cardiac toxicity'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001E-QINU`"'. '"`UNIQ--effect-0000001F-QINU`"' (1)

None (31) · '''5 mg PO at bedtime for women, 5-10 mg for men''' (per FDA's 2013 sex-specific dose reduction for women due to slower clearance). Ambien CR 6.25 mg women / 6.25-12.5 mg men. Intermezzo SL 1.75 mg women / 3.5 mg men (1) · 0.5-3 mg PO 30-60 minutes before bedtime. Some patients respond to micro-doses (0.3 mg) without additional benefit at higher doses. For circadian phase shifting, timing relative to dim-light melatonin onset matters more than absolute dose (1) · Adult: 15–60 mg every 4 hours as needed. (1) · Allergy: 25-50 mg PO every 4-6 hours. Insomnia: 25-50 mg PO at bedtime. IV (acute dystonia, severe allergic reaction): 25-50 mg slow IV push (1) · Insomnia (off-label): 25-50 mg PO at bedtime, titrate to effect. Depression: 150 mg/day divided BID-TID; titrate to 400 mg/day outpatient or 600 mg/day inpatient (1)

None (31) · IR tablets 5, 10 mg; CR tablets 6.25, 12.5 mg; SL tablets 1.75, 3.5, 5, 10 mg; oral spray (1) · IR tablets 50, 100, 150, 300 mg; Oleptro ER tablets 150, 300 mg (1) · OTC tablets, sublingual tablets, gummies, liquid, extended-release tablets and capsules; common strengths 0.5, 1, 3, 5, 10 mg (1) · Tablet (15, 30, 60 mg); oral solution; combination products (with [[Acetaminophen|acetaminophen]] or ibuprofen). (1) · Tablets 25, 50 mg; capsules; liquid; chewable; topical cream/gel; injection 50 mg/mL (1)

None (31) · 10 mg/day (IR); 12.5 mg/day (CR) (1) · 300 mg/day (oral) (1) · 360 mg/day (1) · 400 mg/day outpatient; 600 mg/day inpatient (1) · Not formally established (dietary supplement); doses above ~3-5 mg show no additional efficacy but increase next-day sedation risk (1)

None (31) · IM (1) · IV (1) · Oral (4) · oromucosal spray (1) · PO (only formulation marketed in the US). (1) · sublingual (2) · topical (1)

None (31) · 15-30 minutes (1) · 15-30 minutes (oral); 1-2 minutes (IV) (1) · 30-60 minutes (immediate-release oral) (1) · 30–60 min (PO) (1) · Sleep effect within 30-60 minutes; antidepressant effect over 1-2 weeks (1)

None (31) · 3-4 hours (1) · 4-6 hours (1) · 4–6 hours (1) · 6-8 hours (IR); 8 hours (CR via biphasic release) (1) · ~6-8 hours (IR); 24 hours (Oleptro ER) (1)

None (31) · 2.5–3 hours (1) · 30-50 minutes (short)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000021-QINU`"' (1) · 4-8 hours (longer in elderly, 9-13 hours)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000026-QINU`"' (1) · Biphasic: ~3-6 hours alpha, ~5-9 hours beta'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001D-QINU`"' (1) · ~2.5 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001A-QINU`"' (1)

None (31) · ~15% (oral; highly variable due to extensive and variable first-pass metabolism)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000022-QINU`"' (1) · ~40-60% (oral, with significant first-pass)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000027-QINU`"' (1) · ~50% (variable, CYP2D6-dependent for analgesic effect). (1) · ~65% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001E-QINU`"' (1) · ~70% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001B-QINU`"' (1)

None (31) · Avoid; risk of neonatal opioid withdrawal with chronic use; UM-mother breastfeeding contraindicated. (1) · Limited human data; case reports of neonatal sedation with late-pregnancy exposure.[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]] (1) · Limited human data; endogenous hormone, but supplemental pharmacological doses are not well characterized in pregnancy.[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]] (1) · Limited human data; observational signals inconclusive.[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]] (1) · Older agent with substantial use experience; broadly considered safe in pregnancy'"`UNIQ--ref-00000028-QINU`"' (1)

None (31) · US Schedule II (single-entity); Schedule III–V (combination products by content). (1) · [[USLegal:Over-the-counter|OTC]] dietary supplement in the US ('''not FDA-regulated as a medicine'''; multiple studies show OTC products contain 50-470% of labeled melatonin content); [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in the EU and UK (1) · [[USLegal:Over-the-counter|OTC]] for most oral and topical formulations; [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] for injectable (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. Carries the antidepressant '''Boxed Warning''' for suicidality in children, adolescents, and young adults'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001F-QINU`"' (1) · [[USLegal:Schedule IV|Schedule IV controlled substance]] in US. Carries the FDA '''Boxed Warning''' for '''complex sleep behaviors''' (sleep-driving, sleep-walking, sleep-eating, other parasomnias) added in 2019'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001C-QINU`"' (1)