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Medicines > classes : Analgesic or Cathinone or [[:Category:Heart_failure_medications|Heart failure medication]]

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generic:
3-MMC (1) · Buprenorphine (1) · Butorphanol (1) · Butylone (1) · Cathinone (1) · Codeine (2) · Dapagliflozin (1) · Dextropropoxyphene (1) · Dihydrocodeine (1) · Empagliflozin (1) · Ephylone (1) · Ethcathinone (1) · Ethylmorphine (1) · Ethylone (1) · Fentanyl (1) · Hexedrone (1) · Hydrocodone (1) · Hydromorphone (1) · Levorphanol (1) · Meperidine (1) · Mephedrone (1) · Methadone (1) · Methcathinone (1) · Methylone (1) · Mexedrone (1) · N-Ethylhexedrone (1) · N-Ethylpentedrone (1) · Nalbuphine (1) · Oxymorphone (1) · Papaverine (1) · Pentazocine (1) · Pentedrone (1) · Tapentadol (1)
brand:
None (19) · (multiple, generic dominant) (1) · Darvon (1) · Demerol (1) · Dilaudid (1) · Dolophine (1) · Duragesic (1) · Farxiga (US), Forxiga (international) (1) · Jardiance (1) · Nubain (1) · Nucynta (1) · Opana (1) · Stadol (1) · Suboxone (1) · Talwin (1) · Vicodin (1)
classes: (Click arrow to add another value)
mechanism:
None (2) · Cathinone analogue; monoamine reuptake inhibitor (2) · Kappa agonist; mu antagonist (1) · Kappa agonist; mu partial agonist (1) · Kappa agonist; mu partial agonist/antagonist (1) · Monoamine releasing agent (4) · Monoamine releasing agent; active ingredient in khat (1) · Mu-opioid agonist; norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (1) · Mu-opioid receptor agonist (4) · Mu-opioid receptor agonist; NMDA antagonist (1) · Mu-opioid receptor agonist; prodrug (metabolized to morphine) (1) · Mu-opioid receptor agonist; sodium channel blocker (1) · Mu/kappa/delta agonist; NMDA antagonist (1) · Norepinephrine and dopamine releasing agent (1) · Norepinephrine/dopamine releasing agent (1) · Norepinephrine/dopamine reuptake inhibitor (1) · Partial mu-opioid agonist; kappa antagonist (1) · Phosphodiesterase inhibitor; calcium channel blocker (1) · Potent mu-opioid receptor agonist (3) · Prodrug; converted to [[Morphine|morphine]] by [[Enzyme:CYP2D6|CYP2D6]] for analgesic action. (1) · Serotonin releasing agent; monoamine reuptake inhibitor (1) · Serotonin/norepinephrine/dopamine releasing agent (3)
uses:
None (31) · Mild to moderate pain; cough suppression (low-dose). (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000278-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000279-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000027A-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000027B-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000054E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000054F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000550-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000551-QINU`"' (1)
starting dose:
None (31) · 10 mg PO once daily in the morning; 5 mg starting in heart failure (1) · 10 mg PO once daily in the morning; may titrate to 25 mg for additional glycemic effect (1) · Adult: 15–60 mg every 4 hours as needed. (1)
preparations:
None (31) · 10 mg, 25 mg tablets (1) · 5 mg, 10 mg tablets (1) · Tablet (15, 30, 60 mg); oral solution; combination products (with [[Acetaminophen|acetaminophen]] or ibuprofen). (1)
fda max:
None (31) · 10 mg/d (1) · 25 mg/d (1) · 360 mg/day (1)
routes:
None (31) · Oral (2) · PO (only formulation marketed in the US). (1)
onset:
None (31) · 30–60 min (PO) (1) · Glycosuria within hours; HbA1c effect at 12 weeks; cardiovascular and renal benefits over months (1) · Glycosuria within hours; HbA1c effect at 12 weeks; CV/renal benefits over months (1)
duration:
None (31) · 24 hours (2) · 4–6 hours (1)
halflife:
None (31) · 2.5–3 hours (1) · ~12.4 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-0000027C-QINU`"' (1) · ~12.9 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000552-QINU`"' (1)
bioavailability:
None (31) · High (oral; not affected by food, but typically given with the morning meal)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000027D-QINU`"' (1) · ~50% (variable, CYP2D6-dependent for analgesic effect). (1) · ~78% (oral; high-fat meal modestly reduces but is not clinically significant)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000553-QINU`"' (1)
pregnancy:
None (31) · Avoid in second and third trimesters; fetal SGLT2 inhibition disrupts kidney development.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (2) · Avoid; risk of neonatal opioid withdrawal with chronic use; UM-mother breastfeeding contraindicated. (1)
legal:
None (31) · US Schedule II (single-entity); Schedule III–V (combination products by content). (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (2)

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