Drilldown: Medicines

None (3) · Butorphanol (1) · Codeine (2) · Dextropropoxyphene (1) · Dihydrocodeine (1) · Ethylmorphine (1) · Fentanyl (1) · Hydrocodone (1) · Hydromorphone (1) · Levorphanol (1) · Meperidine (1) · Nalbuphine (1) · Oxymorphone (1) · Papaverine (1) · Pentazocine (1) · Tapentadol (1)

None (5) · (multiple, generic dominant) (1) · Belsomra (1) · Darvon (1) · Dayvigo (1) · Demerol (1) · Dilaudid (1) · Duragesic (1) · Nubain (1) · Nucynta (1) · Opana (1) · Quviviq (1) · Stadol (1) · Talwin (1) · Vicodin (1)

Research material · Classic Psychedelic · Stimulant · Opioid · Sedative-Hypnotic · Phenethylamine · Tryptamine · Benzodiazepine · Botanical · [[:Category:Antihypertensives|Antihypertensive]] · Dissociative · Anticonvulsant · Antidepressant · Plant Medicine · Analgesic · Antiparkinsonian · Antipsychotic · Empathogen · Neuroleptic · Cathinone

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None (1) · Competitive antagonist at OX1R and OX2R. Faster receptor association/dissociation kinetics than suvorexant (~16 sec dissociation vs ~57 sec) hypothesized to support sleep onset, with sufficient duration for maintenance. (1) · Competitive antagonist at OX1R and OX2R. First-in-class DORA. Receptor dissociation slower than lemborexant or daridorexant. (1) · Kappa agonist; mu antagonist (1) · Kappa agonist; mu partial agonist (1) · Kappa agonist; mu partial agonist/antagonist (1) · Mu-opioid agonist; norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (1) · Mu-opioid receptor agonist (4) · Mu-opioid receptor agonist; prodrug (metabolized to morphine) (1) · Mu-opioid receptor agonist; sodium channel blocker (1) · Mu/kappa/delta agonist; NMDA antagonist (1) · Phosphodiesterase inhibitor; calcium channel blocker (1) · Potent mu-opioid receptor agonist (3) · Prodrug; converted to [[Morphine|morphine]] by [[Enzyme:CYP2D6|CYP2D6]] for analgesic action. (1)

None (15) · Insomnia (sleep onset and/or maintenance) in adults (FDA-approved August 2014). Also studied for insomnia in mild-moderate Alzheimer disease. (1) · Insomnia (sleep onset and/or maintenance) in adults (FDA-approved Dec 2019) (1) · Insomnia (sleep onset and/or sleep maintenance) in adults (FDA-approved Jan 2022) (1) · Mild to moderate pain; cough suppression (low-dose). (1)

None (15) · 10 mg PO 30 min before bedtime (with ≥7 hours of sleep planned) (1) · 25 mg PO at bedtime (no titration); may increase to 50 mg if 25 mg inadequate (1) · 5 mg PO at bedtime; may increase to 10 mg if inadequate (1) · Adult: 15–60 mg every 4 hours as needed. (1)

None (15) · 25 mg, 50 mg tablets (1) · 5 mg, 10 mg tablets (1) · 5 mg, 10 mg, 15 mg, 20 mg tablets (1) · Tablet (15, 30, 60 mg); oral solution; combination products (with [[Acetaminophen|acetaminophen]] or ibuprofen). (1)

None (15) · 10 mg/d (1) · 20 mg/d (1) · 360 mg/day (1) · 50 mg/d (1)

None (15) · Oral (3) · PO (only formulation marketed in the US). (1)

None (15) · 30–60 min (PO) (1) · ~30 min (3)

None (15) · 4–6 hours (1) · ~7-8 hours (3)

None (15) · 2.5–3 hours (1) · ~12 hours (1) · ~17-19 hours (longer than daridorexant) (1) · ~8 hours (shorter than suvorexant and lemborexant) (1)

None (15) · ~44% (1) · ~50% (variable, CYP2D6-dependent for analgesic effect). (1) · ~62% (1) · ~82% (1)

None (15) · Avoid; risk of neonatal opioid withdrawal with chronic use; UM-mother breastfeeding contraindicated. (1) · Limited data; avoid (3)

None (15) · Rx, Schedule IV (US) (3) · US Schedule II (single-entity); Schedule III–V (combination products by content). (1)