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Drilldown: Medicines

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Medicines > classes : Analgesic or Stimulant or [[:Category:Dissociatives|Dissociative]]

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generic:
Codeine (2)
brand:
None (47) · (multiple, generic dominant) (1) · Benzedrex (1) · Darvon (1) · Demerol (1) · Dilaudid (1) · Duragesic (1) · Nubain (1) · Nucynta (1) · Opana (1) · Sernyl (human, withdrawn 1965); Sernylan (veterinary, withdrawn 1978) (1) · Stadol (1) · Talwin (1) · Vicodin (1)
classes: (Click arrow to add another value)
mechanism:
Monoamine releasing agent (8) · Dopamine/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (5) · Mu-opioid receptor agonist (4) · Potent mu-opioid receptor agonist (3) · Cathinone analogue; monoamine reuptake inhibitor (2) · Dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (2) · Norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor (2)
uses:
None (58) · Mild to moderate pain; cough suppression (low-dose). (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000063-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000064-QINU`"' (1)
starting dose:
None (58) · Adult: 15–60 mg every 4 hours as needed. (1) · No current medical indication. Historical anesthetic dose 0.25 mg/kg IV (Sernyl). (1)
preparations:
None (58) · Historical: Sernyl 25 mg tablets, 10 mg/mL injection (human); Sernylan 100 mg/mL injection (veterinary). Illicit: white crystalline powder, oily liquid, "dipped" cigarettes ("wet"), tablets. (1) · Tablet (15, 30, 60 mg); oral solution; combination products (with [[Acetaminophen|acetaminophen]] or ibuprofen). (1)
fda max:
None (58) · 360 mg/day (1) · N/A (no current medical indication) (1)
routes:
None (58) · IM (1) · insufflated (1) · IV (1) · Oral (1) · PO (only formulation marketed in the US). (1) · smoked (1)
onset:
None (58) · 30–60 min (PO) (1) · Smoked 2-5 min; insufflated 5-15 min; oral 30-60 min; IV / IM ~5-15 min (1)
duration:
None (58) · 4-8 hours typical; longer at high doses; residual cognitive and perceptual effects up to 48 hours (1) · 4–6 hours (1)
halflife:
None (58) · 2.5–3 hours (1) · Highly variable, 7-46 hours (mean ~21 h); lipophilic deposition in fat with delayed re-release contributes to wide range'"`UNIQ--ref-00000065-QINU`"' (1)
bioavailability:
None (58) · ~50% (variable, CYP2D6-dependent for analgesic effect). (1) · ~72% oral; ~85% smoked'"`UNIQ--ref-00000066-QINU`"' (1)
pregnancy:
None (59) · Avoid; risk of neonatal opioid withdrawal with chronic use; UM-mother breastfeeding contraindicated. (1)
legal:
None (58) · US Schedule II (single-entity); Schedule III–V (combination products by content). (1) · [[USLegal:DEA Schedule II|Schedule II]] controlled substance in US (rescheduled from Schedule III in 1978). No accepted medical use. UN Convention on Psychotropic Substances Schedule II internationally.'"`UNIQ--ref-00000067-QINU`"' (1)

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