Drilldown: Medicines

Buprenorphine (1) · Butorphanol (1) · Codeine (2) · Dextropropoxyphene (1) · Dihydrocodeine (1) · Ethylmorphine (1) · Fentanyl (1) · Hydrocodone (1) · Hydromorphone (1) · Levorphanol (1) · Magnesium (oxide, citrate, sulfate, hydroxide, gluconate, chloride salts) (1) · Meperidine (1) · Methadone (1) · Nalbuphine (1) · Oxymorphone (1) · Papaverine (1) · Pentazocine (1) · Tapentadol (1)

None (5) · (multiple, generic dominant) (1) · Darvon (1) · Demerol (1) · Dilaudid (1) · Dolophine (1) · Duragesic (1) · Mag-Ox, Slow-Mag, MagCitrate, Milk of Magnesia (hydroxide); IV sulfate generic (1) · Nubain (1) · Nucynta (1) · Opana (1) · Stadol (1) · Suboxone (1) · Talwin (1) · Vicodin (1)

Research material · Classic Psychedelic · Stimulant · Opioid · Sedative-Hypnotic · Phenethylamine · Tryptamine · Benzodiazepine · Botanical · [[:Category:Antihypertensives|Antihypertensive]] · Dissociative · Anticonvulsant · Antidepressant · Plant Medicine · Analgesic · Antipsychotic · Antiparkinsonian · Empathogen · Neuroleptic · Cathinone

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Kappa agonist; mu antagonist (1) · Kappa agonist; mu partial agonist (1) · Kappa agonist; mu partial agonist/antagonist (1) · Mu-opioid agonist; norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (1) · Mu-opioid receptor agonist (4) · Mu-opioid receptor agonist; NMDA antagonist (1) · Mu-opioid receptor agonist; prodrug (metabolized to morphine) (1) · Mu-opioid receptor agonist; sodium channel blocker (1) · Mu/kappa/delta agonist; NMDA antagonist (1) · Partial mu-opioid agonist; kappa antagonist (1) · Phosphodiesterase inhibitor; calcium channel blocker (1) · Potent mu-opioid receptor agonist (3) · Prodrug; converted to [[Morphine|morphine]] by [[Enzyme:CYP2D6|CYP2D6]] for analgesic action. (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00001302-QINU`"' Renally cleared; accumulation in advanced CKD can produce neuromuscular and cardiac depression. Hypomagnesemia frequently co-exists with hypokalemia and is often the reason refractory potassium loss does not correct until magnesium is repleted. (1)

None (17) · Mild to moderate pain; cough suppression (low-dose). (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00001303-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001304-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001305-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001306-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001307-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001308-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001309-QINU`"' (1)

None (17) · Adult: 15–60 mg every 4 hours as needed. (1) · Replacement oxide 400-800 mg/d in divided doses (high diarrhea rate); citrate 200-400 mg/d (better tolerated, better absorbed); IV sulfate 1-2 g over 5-60 minutes for hypomagnesemia or torsades; eclampsia 4-6 g IV loading then 1-2 g/h (1)

None (17) · Oxide 400, 500 mg tablets (240, 300 mg elemental); citrate 100, 150, 200 mg tablets; hydroxide oral suspension 400 mg/5 mL; sulfate IV 500 mg/mL ampules (1) · Tablet (15, 30, 60 mg); oral solution; combination products (with [[Acetaminophen|acetaminophen]] or ibuprofen). (1)

None (17) · 360 mg/day (1) · Indication-specific; renal clearance limits tolerable cumulative dosing (1)

None (17) · IV (1) · Oral (1) · PO (only formulation marketed in the US). (1)

None (17) · 30–60 min (PO) (1) · Oral: hours; IV: minutes (1)

None (17) · 4–6 hours (1) · Variable (1)

None (17) · 2.5–3 hours (1) · Not meaningfully described (electrolyte; renally cleared) (1)

None (17) · Highly salt-dependent: citrate ~25-30%; oxide ~4% (limited and causes osmotic diarrhea); chloride ~12% (1) · ~50% (variable, CYP2D6-dependent for analgesic effect). (1)

None (17) · Avoid; risk of neonatal opioid withdrawal with chronic use; UM-mother breastfeeding contraindicated. (1) · IV sulfate is the cornerstone of eclampsia/preeclampsia management; oral replacement also safe.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1)

None (17) · OTC (oral salts) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (IV) in US (1) · US Schedule II (single-entity); Schedule III–V (combination products by content). (1)