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Drilldown: Medicines

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Medicines > classes : Analgesic or selective COX-2)]]

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generic:
Buprenorphine (1) · Butorphanol (1) · Celecoxib (1) · Codeine (2) · Dextropropoxyphene (1) · Dihydrocodeine (1) · Ethylmorphine (1) · Fentanyl (1) · Hydrocodone (1) · Hydromorphone (1) · Levorphanol (1) · Meperidine (1) · Methadone (1) · Nalbuphine (1) · Oxymorphone (1) · Papaverine (1) · Pentazocine (1) · Tapentadol (1)
brand:
None (5) · (multiple, generic dominant) (1) · Celebrex (oral capsules), Elyxyb (oral solution, for acute migraine) (1) · Darvon (1) · Demerol (1) · Dilaudid (1) · Dolophine (1) · Duragesic (1) · Nubain (1) · Nucynta (1) · Opana (1) · Stadol (1) · Suboxone (1) · Talwin (1) · Vicodin (1)
classes: (Click arrow to add another value)
mechanism:
None (1) · Kappa agonist; mu antagonist (1) · Kappa agonist; mu partial agonist (1) · Kappa agonist; mu partial agonist/antagonist (1) · Mu-opioid agonist; norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (1) · Mu-opioid receptor agonist (4) · Mu-opioid receptor agonist; NMDA antagonist (1) · Mu-opioid receptor agonist; prodrug (metabolized to morphine) (1) · Mu-opioid receptor agonist; sodium channel blocker (1) · Mu/kappa/delta agonist; NMDA antagonist (1) · Partial mu-opioid agonist; kappa antagonist (1) · Phosphodiesterase inhibitor; calcium channel blocker (1) · Potent mu-opioid receptor agonist (3) · Prodrug; converted to [[Morphine|morphine]] by [[Enzyme:CYP2D6|CYP2D6]] for analgesic action. (1)
uses:
None (17) · Mild to moderate pain; cough suppression (low-dose). (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000021-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000022-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000023-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000024-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000025-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000026-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000027-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000028-QINU`"' (1)
starting dose:
None (17) · Adult: 15–60 mg every 4 hours as needed. (1) · Osteoarthritis: 200 mg PO once daily or 100 mg BID. Rheumatoid arthritis: 100-200 mg PO BID. Acute pain: 400 mg loading, then 200 mg every 12 hours (1)
preparations:
None (17) · Capsules 50, 100, 200, 400 mg; Elyxyb oral solution 25 mg/mL (1) · Tablet (15, 30, 60 mg); oral solution; combination products (with [[Acetaminophen|acetaminophen]] or ibuprofen). (1)
fda max:
None (17) · 360 mg/day (1) · 400 mg/day for chronic indications; higher for short-term acute pain (1)
routes:
None (17) · Oral (1) · PO (only formulation marketed in the US). (1)
onset:
None (17) · 30-60 minutes (1) · 30–60 min (PO) (1)
duration:
None (17) · 12-24 hours (1) · 4–6 hours (1)
halflife:
None (17) · 2.5–3 hours (1) · ~11 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000029-QINU`"' (1)
bioavailability:
None (17) · ~50% (variable, CYP2D6-dependent for analgesic effect). (1) · ~99% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000002A-QINU`"' (1)
pregnancy:
None (17) · Avoid from 20 weeks gestation onward per FDA's 2020 expanded NSAID warning (fetal renal dysfunction, oligohydramnios); contraindicated from 30 weeks (risk of premature ductus arteriosus closure)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000002B-QINU`"' (1) · Avoid; risk of neonatal opioid withdrawal with chronic use; UM-mother breastfeeding contraindicated. (1)
legal:
None (17) · US Schedule II (single-entity); Schedule III–V (combination products by content). (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (1)

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